📚 Year 11 CAIE German: Preparation Guide for International Competitions | 剑桥IGCSE德语：国际竞赛备战攻略
For Year 11 students following the CAIE IGCSE German syllabus, the language skills you are building every day can open doors far beyond the final examination hall. International German competitions, such as the Internationale Deutscholympiade (IDO), Jugend debattiert, and various contests hosted by the Goethe-Institut, offer incredible opportunities to test your proficiency, connect with peers worldwide, and strengthen your university applications. This guide is designed to help you bridge the gap between classroom learning and competitive success, blending exam preparation with the extra depth and confidence needed to shine on an international stage.
对于正在学习 CAIE IGCSE 德语课程的 Year 11 学生而言，你每天都在积累的语言技能不仅能用于期末考试，还能打开通往国际赛场的大门。无论是国际德语奥林匹克（IDO）、青少年辩论赛（Jugend debattiert）还是歌德学院主办的各类竞赛，都是测试语言水平、结识全球同龄人并丰富大学申请的绝佳平台。本攻略旨在帮助你打通课堂学习与竞赛成功之间的壁垒，将备考策略与额外的深度和自信相结合，助你在国际舞台上脱颖而出。
1. Understanding International German Competitions | 了解国际德语竞赛
Before diving into preparation, it is vital to know exactly what these competitions demand. The Internationale Deutscholympiade, for example, tests reading, listening, writing, and speaking through creative tasks, whereas Jugend debattiert focuses on structured argumentation and public speaking in German. Many Goethe-Institut competitions combine cultural knowledge with language tasks, often requiring participants to produce videos, essays, or presentations. Aligning your CAIE skill set—especially the summary writing, role-play, and article writing from Paper 2 and Paper 3—directly feeds into competition requirements.
在投入准备之前，必须准确了解这些竞赛的要求。例如，国际德语奥林匹克通过创意任务测试阅读、听力、写作和口语，而青少年辩论赛则侧重于用德语进行结构化论证和公开演讲。许多歌德学院比赛将文化知识与语言任务相结合，常要求提交视频、文章或演示。将你在 CAIE 课程中训练的技能——尤其是卷二和卷三中的摘要写作、角色扮演和文章写作——直接对应过来，就能满足竞赛的核心要求。
Start by visiting official websites of contests like IDO, Bundeswettbewerb Fremdsprachen, or the PASCH network. Download past papers, theme lists, and judging criteria. This will show you the exact vocabulary range, grammatical complexity, and cultural themes you must master.
首先访问 IDO、联邦外语竞赛（Bundeswettbewerb Fremdsprachen）或 PASCH 网络的官方网站，下载过往试题、主题列表和评分标准。这将让你清晰了解所需掌握的词汇范围、语法复杂度和文化主题。
Map the CAIE topics to competition themes: family and friends, school life, environment, media, technology, and global issues. Your IGCSE textbook already covers these, but competitions often demand a more analytical or creative angle. For instance, you might need to write a diary entry from the perspective of a historical figure or argue for a sustainable future policy.
将 CAIE 话题映射到竞赛主题上：家庭与朋友、校园生活、环境、媒体、科技以及全球议题。IGCSE 教材已经覆盖了这些内容，但竞赛往往要求更具分析性或创造性的角度。例如，你可能需要以历史人物的视角写一篇日记，或论述一项可持续发展政策。
2. Leveraging Your CAIE German Curriculum | 充分利用 CAIE 德语课程
Your CAIE syllabus is a goldmine of structured language progression. The reading comprehension exercises in Paper 1 train you to extract key information quickly—a skill that directly transfers to competition tasks where you must interpret authentic texts under time pressure. Practice with CAIE past papers, but also extend to German news articles from 'Deutsche Welle' or 'Tagesschau in einfacher Sprache' to build stamina with longer, more complex materials.
你的 CAIE 教学大纲是一座结构化语言进阶的宝库。卷一中的阅读理解练习训练你快速提取关键信息——这一技能可直接迁移到竞赛中，因为在时间压力下你也需要解读真实语料。利用 CAIE 历年真题进行练习，同时也要扩展到《德国之声》或《今日新闻》简易版等德语新闻文章，以培养处理更长、更复杂材料的耐力。
The writing tasks in Paper 2 and coursework demand a range of text types: informal letters, formal emails, articles, and reports. For competitions, you may also need to craft opinion pieces or creative stories. Use the CAIE marking guidelines to self-assess content, organisation, and accuracy. Then challenge yourself by writing on the same topic in a more sophisticated style, adding subjunctive clauses (Konjunktiv II) or passive voice to elevate your register.
卷二和课程作业中的写作任务涵盖多种文本类型：非正式信件、正式邮件、文章和报告。竞赛则可能要求撰写议论文或创意故事。利用 CAIE 评分标准对自己的内容、结构和准确性进行自评，然后挑战自己，用更复杂的语体改写同一主题，比如加入第二虚拟式（Konjunktiv II）或被动态，以提升语域。
Speaking and listening components of IGCSE focus on conversation and short presentations. Build on this by recording yourself discussing a current topic for three minutes without notes. Many competitions include a spontaneous speaking round. Use the CAIE speaking role-play cards as a warm-up, then move to longer, more abstract prompts such as 'Sollten soziale Medien für Jugendliche verboten werden?'
IGCSE 的口语和听力部分侧重于会话与简短陈述。在此基础上，可以尝试脱稿围绕一个时事话题进行三分钟发言并录音。许多竞赛都包含即兴演讲环节。先用 CAIE 口语角色扮演卡做热身，然后转向更长、更抽象的题目，例如“应禁止青少年使用社交媒体吗？”
3. Mastering Vocabulary for Competitive Excellence | 掌握词汇，驰骋赛场
Competition judges look for lexical variety and precision. The CAIE core vocabulary list (around 1200–1500 words) provides a solid foundation, but international contests demand a broader active vocabulary—often 2000 words or more. Create topic-based word banks for areas such as 'Umweltschutz' (environmental protection), 'Digitalisierung' (digitalisation), and 'Gesundheit' (health). Group words with their collocations and example sentences to aid recall.
竞赛评委看重词汇的多样性和精准度。CAIE 核心词汇表（约 1200 至 1500 个词）提供了扎实的基础，但国际比赛往往要求有更广泛的主动词汇量——通常需要 2000 词以上。针对“环保”、“数字化”和“健康”等主题建立词汇库，将单词与其搭配和例句归组，以帮助记忆。
Idioms and fixed phrases can set you apart. Phrases like 'das A und O' (the be-all and end-all), 'auf dem neuesten Stand sein' (to be up to date), or 'ins kalte Wasser springen' (to jump in at the deep end) show cultural fluency. Integrate 5–10 relevant idioms per topic and practise using them in both writing and speaking tasks.
习语和固定短语能让你与众不同。诸如 'das A und O'（关键所在）、'auf dem neuesten Stand sein'（掌握最新情况）或 'ins kalte Wasser springen'（大胆尝试）等表达能体现出文化语感。每个主题融入 5 至 10 个相关习语，并在写作和口语练习中有意识地使用。
Use flashcards apps like Anki or Quizlet with a special focus on irregular verbs, prepositions with cases, and separable prefix verbs. These are common traps even for advanced learners. Daily 10-minute vocabulary drills that mix CAIE lists with competition-specific glossaries will gradually close the gap between classroom level and competitive readiness.
使用 Anki 或 Quizlet 等闪卡应用，重点关注不规则动词、带格变化的介词以及可分前缀动词。这些都是即使高级学习者也常遇到的陷阱。每天进行 10 分钟的词汇操练，将 CAIE 词表与竞赛特有的词汇表混合练习，能够逐步弥补课堂水平与竞赛准备之间的差距。
4. Sharpening Listening and Speaking Skills | 强化听说能力
In competitions, spoken German is assessed not only on accuracy but also on fluency, pronunciation, and intercultural communication. Beyond CAIE listening tracks, immerse yourself in authentic audio: podcasts like 'Die Lage der Nation' (politics) or 'Gemischtes Hack' (comedy) expose you to natural speech rhythms and regional accents. Listen actively by summarising each segment in German, either in writing or aloud.
竞赛中评估口语时，不仅看准确性，还看重流利度、发音和跨文化交际能力。除 CAIE 听力材料外，还要沉浸在真实音频中：播客如《Die Lage der Nation》（政治）或《Gemischtes Hack》（喜剧）能让你接触自然的语音节奏和地区口音。通过用德语书面或口头总结每段内容来进行主动听力练习。
For speaking, organise a weekly conversation circle with classmates or use language exchange platforms to find native-speaking partners. Focus on discourse management: how to politely interrupt, agree, disagree, and elaborate. Phrases like 'Ich bin da anderer Meinung, denn...' (I disagree because...) and 'Könntest du das bitte näher erläutern?' (Could you elaborate?) are essential for debates and group discussions common in competitions.
在口语方面，可以每周与同学组织对话圈，或利用语言交换平台寻找母语者伙伴。重点练习语篇管理：如何礼貌地打断、表达同意、反对和阐述观点。诸如 'Ich bin da anderer Meinung, denn...'（我不同意，因为……）和 'Könntest du das bitte näher erläutern?'（你能详细说明一下吗？）等表达，对于竞赛中常见的辩论和小组讨论至关重要。
Record your mock speeches and analyse them against CAJE pronunciation criteria—clear vowels, correct 'ch' sounds (as in 'ich' vs. 'ach'), and consistent sentence intonation. Competitions often value clear communication over a perfect accent, so work on reducing filler words ('ähm') and replacing them with purposeful pauses.
录制模拟演讲，对照 CAIE 发音标准进行分析：清晰的元音、正确的 'ch' 音（如 'ich' 与 'ach' 中的区别）以及连贯的句调。竞赛往往更看重清晰的交流而非完美的口音，因此要努力减少填充词（如“嗯”），代之以有目的的停顿。
5. Reading and Writing with Precision | 精准阅读与写作
Competition-level reading texts can be dense, containing infographics, literary excerpts, or opinion editorials. Your CAIE scanning and inference skills need an upgrade. Practise reading a 500-word article from 'Zeit Campus' or 'Der Spiegel' in 5 minutes and then write a concise 'Zusammenfassung' (summary). Using the CAIE summary techniques—identifying key points, paraphrasing, and avoiding irrelevant detail—will help you condense information efficiently.
竞赛级别的阅读材料可能非常密集，包含信息图表、文学节选或评论文章。你的 CAIE 扫读和推理技能需要升级。练习在 5 分钟内阅读一篇来自《Zeit Campus》或《明镜周刊》的 500 词文章，然后写一篇简短的“Zusammenfassung”（摘要）。运用 CAIE 的摘要技巧——找出要点、变换措辞、避免无关细节——将帮助你高效压缩信息。
For writing, competitions often require a formal 'Stellungnahme' (opinion piece) or 'Erörterung' (discussion essay). Structure is key: introduction with a clear thesis, pro-arguments, contra-arguments with refutation, and a concluding appeal. CAIE article writing teaches paragraphing and cohesion, but add linking phrases like 'Einerseits...andererseits...' (On one hand...on the other hand...) and 'Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass...' (In summary, it can be said that...).
在写作方面，竞赛常要求写正式的“Stellungnahme”（评论）或“Erörterung”（议论文）。结构是关键：引言要有明确论点，接着提出正方论据，然后提出反方论据并加以反驳，最后给出总结性呼吁。CAIE 文章写作教会了你段落划分和衔接，但还要补充连接词，如 'Einerseits...andererseits...'（一方面……另一方面……）和 'Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass...'（综上所述，可以说……）。
Grammar accuracy under time pressure is non-negotiable. Revise CAIE grammar hotspots: adjective endings, word order in subordinate clauses (weil, dass, obwohl etc.), and the difference between passive (werden) and stative passive (sein). Set aside 15 minutes daily for targeted grammar drills, especially tenses—perfect, imperfect (Präteritum), and future. In competitions, a perfectly placed Konjunktiv II ('hätte', 'würde', 'könnte') can greatly boost your stylistic score.
时间压力下的语法准确性不容妥协。复习 CAIE 语法重难点：形容词词尾、从句语序（weil、dass、obwohl 等）以及过程被动态（werden）与状态被动态（sein）的区别。每天抽出 15 分钟进行针对性语法训练，特别是时态——现在完成时、过去时（Präteritum）和将来时。在竞赛中，恰当运用 Konjunktiv II（如 'hätte'、'würde'、'könnte'）能大幅提升你的文采得分。
6. Deepening Cultural Knowledge | 深入文化知识
A distinguishing feature of international German competitions is the emphasis on Landeskunde—cultural knowledge about German-speaking countries. You may be asked about traditions, education systems, political structures, or current affairs in Germany, Austria, or Switzerland. The CAIE syllabus includes some cultural topics (festivals, famous people), but you must expand your horizon.
国际德语竞赛的一个显著特点是对国情文化知识（Landeskunde）的重视。你可能会被问到德语国家（德国、奥地利、瑞士）的传统、教育体系、政治结构或时事。CAIE 大纲虽包含一些文化话题（如节日、名人），但你必须拓宽视野。
Create a cultural dossier with sections: geography, federal states, key historical dates, national dishes, important writers and musicians, and recent news. Follow youth-oriented German media like 'bento' or 'Jugendpresse Deutschland' to understand what matters to German teenagers. Watch documentaries on ARD Mediathek or ZDFtivi to absorb visual and factual content.
建立一个文化档案，分设地理、联邦州、关键历史日期、国菜、重要作家和音乐家以及近期新闻等板块。关注面向青少年的德语媒体，如 'bento' 或 'Jugendpresse Deutschland'，以了解德国青少年关心的话题。在 ARD Mediathek 或 ZDFtivi 上观看纪录片，吸收视听与事实内容。
When preparing for a specific competition, research past cultural quiz questions. They often include: 'Nenne drei Bundesländer und ihre Hauptstädte.' (Name three federal states and their capitals) or 'Was ist die Währungsunion?' (What is the monetary union?). Integrate cultural facts into your speaking and writing naturally. Instead of just stating 'Ich mag Deutschland', say 'Mein Lieblingsbundesland ist Bayern, weil es dort die schönen Alpen und das Oktoberfest gibt.'
在准备特定竞赛时，研究以往的文化知识问答题。常见题目包括：“列举三个联邦州及其首府”或“什么是货币联盟？”将文化事实自然融入口语和写作中。不要说简单的“我喜欢德国”，而是说“我最喜欢的联邦州是巴伐利亚，因为那里有美丽的阿尔卑斯山和慕尼黑啤酒节。”
7. Strategic Time Management and Exam Techniques | 策略性时间管理与考试技巧
Competitions often have tight schedules: a 60-minute writing block, 10-minute reading preparation, and 5-minute speaking slots. Use your CAIE exam experience to craft a personalised time plan. For writing, allocate 5 minutes for planning, 40 minutes for writing, and 15 minutes for revision. In reading tasks, prioritise questions with higher marks and leave the trickiest items for review.
竞赛的时间安排往往很紧张：60 分钟写作、10 分钟阅读准备、5 分钟口语展示。利用 CAIE 考试经验制定个人时间计划。写作时，分配 5 分钟构思、40 分钟写作、15 分钟修改。阅读理解中，优先解答分值高的题目，将最棘手的题目留到最后检查。
Practise under simulated conditions: set a timer, use only a bilingual dictionary (if allowed), and work in a quiet environment. Analyse your performance afterward—where did you lose time? Did you spend too long looking up words? Building 'exam fitness' requires regular, disciplined drills that mimic competition pressure.
在模拟条件下练习：设置计时器，只使用双语词典（如果允许），并在安静环境中作答。事后分析表现——时间消耗在何处？是否在查词上花费太久？培养“竞赛体能”需要定期、有纪律的模拟训练来适应压力。
Mental stamina is equally important. During CAIE preparation, you are used to 90–120-minute exams, but some competition days can last from morning to late afternoon. Build endurance by doing full-length practice sessions at weekends, and develop relaxation techniques such as box breathing or positive visualisation before each section.
心理耐力同样重要。在 CAIE 备考中，你习惯了 90 至 120 分钟的考试，但某些竞赛日可能从早上持续到傍晚。通过在周末进行完整长度的模拟训练来增强耐力，并在每个环节前练习箱式呼吸或积极想象等放松技巧。
8. Mock Competitions and Self-Assessment | 模拟竞赛与自我评估
Organise mini-competitions with peers. Set a theme, prepare materials, and act as both competitors and judges using official rubrics. This peer feedback loop is invaluable—you learn to spot strengths and weaknesses in others that you may overlook in yourself. Focus on how well ideas are communicated, not just grammatical perfection.
与同伴组织小型模拟赛。设定一个主题，准备材料，并按照官方评分标准轮流担任选手和评委。这种同伴反馈循环极其宝贵——你能学会发现他人身上的优缺点，而这些在自己身上可能被忽略。重点关注思想的传达效果，而非仅仅语法完美。
Use a self-reflection journal in German. After each practice, answer: 'Was habe ich heute gut gemacht?' (What did I do well today?), 'Woran muss ich noch arbeiten?' (What do I still need to work on?), and 'Welche neuen Wörter habe ich gelernt?' (Which new words did I learn?). This habit accelerates improvement by turning every exercise into a targeted learning event.
用德语写自我反思日志。每次练习后，回答：“今天我哪些地方做得好？”、“我还需要在哪方面下功夫？”以及“我学了哪些新词？”这个习惯能将每一次练习都转化为有针对性的学习活动，从而加速进步。
Video-recording mock speaking tasks is particularly effective. Watch yourself with the judges' perspective: body language, eye contact, and clear articulation. CAIE speaking exams already require confident presentation; competitions raise the bar by expecting you to engage the audience emotionally. Practise varying your tone of voice and using gestures to emphasise key points.
录制模拟口语任务特别有效。以评委视角观看自己的表现：肢体语言、眼神交流和清晰发音。CAIE 口语考试已经要求自信展示；竞赛则将标杆提得更高，期望你能在情感上打动听众。练习变化语调并用手势强调要点。
9. Using Authentic Materials for Immersion | 使用真实语料沉浸学习
To sound like a true German speaker, you must go beyond textbook dialogues. Watch German-Language YouTube channels such as 'Kurzgesagt – Dinge erklärt' (science explanations in simple German), or 'Lohnt sich das?' (finance). Read graphic novels like 'Der Boxer' or young-adult fiction by authors like Cornelia Funke. Authentic materials expose you to colloquial language, humour, and cultural references that will enrich your responses.
要想说起德语来像一个真正的母语者，你必须超越教材对话。观看德语 YouTube 频道，如“Kurzgesagt – Dinge erklärt”（用简单德语解释科学）或“Lohnt sich das?”（理财）。阅读图像小说如《Der Boxer》或科妮莉亚·冯克等人的青少年小说。真实语料能让你接触到口语化表达、幽默感以及文化典故，从而丰富你的回答。
Integrate these materials into your daily routine: change your phone language to German, listen to German music while commuting, and follow German social media accounts that discuss your hobbies. This subconscious exposure reinforces vocabulary and syntax without feeling like study. Keep a notebook to jot down natural expressions you want to adopt.
将这些材料融入日常生活：把手机语言调成德语，通勤时听德语音乐，关注讨论你爱好的德语社交媒体账号。这种潜意识接触能在不知不觉中强化词汇和句法。随身携带笔记本，随时记下想要掌握的天然表达。
For competition-specific immersion, follow the social media pages of the contest organisers. They often post tips, sample performances, and language challenges. Engage with their content by leaving comments in German; community interaction is a low-stress way to practise writing and learn from other motivated learners worldwide.
为了竞赛针对性沉浸，关注赛事组织者的社交媒体页面。他们常发布贴士、示范表演和语言挑战。用德语留言参与互动；社区交流是一种低压力的写作练习方式，还能向全球其他积极的学习者学习。
10. Building Confidence and Mental Preparedness | 建立自信与心理准备
Confidence in a foreign language comes from repeated successful experiences. Start with small, achievable goals: order food at a German restaurant, chat with a native speaker for five minutes, or write a short blog post in German. Each success builds a mental bank of evidence that you can communicate effectively. This positivity will carry over to the competition hall.
使用外语的自信来自于一次次成功的经历。从可实现的小目标开始：在德语餐厅点餐、与母语者聊上五分钟，或用德语写一篇简短的博客。每一次成功都在为你的心理账户存入证据——你有能力有效沟通。这种积极心态将延续到竞赛现场。
Prepare for nerves by developing a pre-competition routine. This could be light exercise, listening to a calming German song, or reviewing a 'power phrases' sheet you have compiled. Anxiety often comes from fear of forgetting; having memorised opening lines and transition phrases for each task reduces cognitive load. For example, in a debate, always start with 'Vielen Dank für die Einleitung. Ich möchte heute das Thema ... aus der Perspektive ... beleuchten...'
通过建立赛前例行程序来应对紧张情绪。可以是轻度运动、听一首舒缓的德语歌曲，或者回顾你整理的“强力短语”清单。焦虑往往源于担心遗忘；为每项任务熟记开场白和过渡句能够减轻认知负担。例如在辩论中，始终以“感谢导言。今天我想从……角度探讨……这一主题”开场。
Remember that competitions are learning experiences, not just performance tests. Adopt a growth mindset: even if you don't win, the intensive preparation will dramatically boost your CAIE German grade and prepare you for A-Level or equivalent advanced studies. Many former competitors say the competition journey was more valuable than the result.
请记住，竞赛是学习经历，而不仅仅是表现测试。秉持成长型思维：即使没有获胜，高强度的准备也会显著提升你的 CAIE 德语成绩，并为 A-Level 或同等高阶学习打下基础。许多往届选手都说，竞赛历程比结果更宝贵。
11. Recommended Resources and Study Plan | 推荐资源与学习计划
A structured eight-week plan leading up to a competition can ensure systematic coverage. Week 1–2: vocabulary expansion and cultural research; Week 3–4: intensive reading and writing practice using past competition tasks; Week 5–6: speaking marathons with recorded feedback; Week 7: full mock competitions under timed conditions; Week 8: light review, rest, and mental rehearsal. Adapt this schedule to your school and CAIE revision timetable.
一个结构化的八周备赛计划能确保系统覆盖。第 1–2 周：词汇拓展与文化调研；第 3–4 周：利用往届竞赛题目进行精读和写作练习；第 5–6 周：马拉松式口语练习加上录音反馈；第 7 周：限时全真模拟赛；第 8 周：轻松复习、休息和心理预演。根据你的学校课程和 CAIE 复习时间表调整这一安排。
| Focus Area (核心领域) | Key Resource (关键资源) | Usage Tip (使用建议) |
| Vocabulary and Grammar | 'A-Grammatik' practice book, Anki shared decks | Focus on B1+ level; daily 15-min drills. |
| Listening and Speaking | Easy German (YouTube), Tandem app | Shadow their intonation; 2 language exchanges per week. |
| Reading and Culture | Deutsch Perfekt magazine, Deutsche Welle | Read one article daily; summarise orally. |
| Writing and Exam Technique | CAIE past papers, competition sample scripts | Write under timed conditions, then peer review. |
12. Final Tips for Competition Day | 竞赛日终极提示
Arrive early to acclimatise and if possible, speak German with other participants beforehand to switch your brain into language mode. Bring all necessary materials: identification, dictionary (where permitted), stationery, water, and a small snack. Read all task instructions twice and underline keywords—many marks are lost through simple misreading.
提前到场适应环境，如有可能，事先与其他选手用德语交谈，让大脑切换到语言模式。带好所有必需品：身份证明、词典（如允许）、文具、水和小零食。所有任务说明要读两遍，并在关键词下划线——很多失分都源于简单的误读。
During interviews and debates, listen actively to your interlocutor. It is better to respond naturally to what was said than to deliver a pre-rehearsed monologue. Use repair strategies if you get stuck: 'Entschuldigung, das Wort ist mir gerade entfallen. Ich meine...' (Sorry, the word escapes me. I mean...). This shows communicative competence and charm under pressure.
在面试和辩论中，积极倾听对话者。根据对方所说的内容自然回应，比背诵事先准备好的独白要好得多。如果卡住了，要运用修复策略：“抱歉，那个词我一时想不起来了。我的意思是……”这在压力下显示出交际能力和个人魅力。
Finally, celebrate your courage. Stepping onto an international stage in a foreign language is an immense achievement. Regardless of the outcome, you will return with sharper language skills, new friends, and a deeper love for the German language. Your CAIE preparation provided the foundation, but your dedication to competition training has truly built the edifice.
最后，为自己的勇气喝彩。用一门外语登上国际舞台本身就是巨大的成就。无论结果如何，你都将在赛后带着更犀利的语言能力、新朋友以及对德语更深的热爱归来。CAIE 备考为你提供了地基，而你对竞赛训练的投入则真正建起了大厦。
Published by TutorHao | German Revision Series | aleveler.com
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