📚 Year 11 Edexcel Mathematics: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick Revision Guide | Year 11 Edexcel 数学：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering key mathematical vocabulary is a cornerstone of exam success. This quick revision guide covers the essential Edexcel Year 11 terminology with clear bilingual explanations to help you remember definitions, formulas, and concepts rapidly. Every term is paired with a memory tip where helpful, ensuring you can recall exactly what examiners expect.
掌握关键的数学词汇是考试成功的基石。本速记指南涵盖 Edexcel Year 11 核心术语，提供清晰的双语解释，助你快速记忆定义、公式和概念。每个术语都搭配了记忆技巧，让你能够准确回忆考官所要求的内容。
1. Number Types and Arithmetic | 数的类型与算术
Integer: A whole number that can be positive, negative or zero (e.g., -3, 0, 7). Integers have no fractional or decimal part.
整数：所有正整数、负整数和零（例如 -3, 0, 7）。整数不包含小数或分数部分。
💡 Memory tip: 'Integer' sounds like 'in-tact', meaning a complete number with no fractions.
💡 记忆技巧：'Integer' 发音类似 'in-tact'，表示没有小数部分的完整数字。
Natural number: A positive integer starting from 1 (1, 2, 3, ...). Some definitions include 0, but in GCSE it usually means counting numbers from 1.
自然数：从 1 开始的正整数（1, 2, 3, ...）。有些定义包含 0，但在 GCSE 中通常指从 1 开始的计数数。
Rational number: Any number that can be written as a fraction a/b, where a and b are integers and b ≠ 0. Terminating and recurring decimals are rational.
有理数：任何可以表示为分数 a/b 的数（a 和 b 为整数且 b ≠ 0）。有限小数和循环小数都是有理数。
Irrational number: A number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction. Its decimal form goes on forever without repeating. Examples: π, √2.
无理数：无法用简单分数表示的数。其小数形式无限且不循环。例如：π, √2。
Prime number: A whole number greater than 1 that has exactly two distinct factors: 1 and itself. 2 is the only even prime.
质数（素数）：大于 1 且恰好有两个不同因数的整数：1 和它本身。2 是唯一的偶质数。
Factor: A number that divides another number exactly, leaving no remainder. The factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
因数：能整除另一个数的数，无余数。12 的因数有 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12。
Multiple: The product of a number and any integer. The multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, ...
倍数：一个数与任意整数的乘积。5 的倍数有 5, 10, 15, 20, ...
Lowest Common Multiple (LCM): The smallest positive number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. LCM of 4 and 6 is 12.
最小公倍数 (LCM)：两个或多个数共有的倍数中最小的一个。4 和 6 的 LCM 是 12。
Highest Common Factor (HCF): The largest positive number that divides two or more numbers without a remainder. HCF of 12 and 18 is 6.
最大公因数 (HCF)：能同时整除两个或多个数的最大正整数。12 和 18 的 HCF 是 6。
Square number: The result of multiplying an integer by itself (1, 4, 9, 16, ...).
平方数：一个整数自乘的结果（1, 4, 9, 16, ...）。
Cube number: The result of multiplying an integer by itself twice (1, 8, 27, 64, ...).
立方数：一个整数自乘两次的结果（1, 8, 27, 64, ...）。
Reciprocal: 1 divided by the number. The reciprocal of 5 is 1/5. The product of a number and its reciprocal is 1.
倒数：1 除以该数。5 的倒数是 1/5。一个数与它的倒数之积为 1。
2. Algebra Basics | 代数基础
Variable: A symbol, usually a letter, that represents an unknown or changeable number. In 3x + 2, x is the variable.
变量：通常用字母表示的未知或可变的数。在 3x + 2 中，x 是变量。
Coefficient: The number multiplying a variable. In 5y, 5 is the coefficient of y.
系数：变量前的乘数。在 5y 中，5 是 y 的系数。
Constant: A fixed value that does not change. In 2x + 7, 7 is the constant term.
常数：固定不变的值。在 2x + 7 中，7 是常数项。
Term: A single number, variable, or product of numbers and variables separated by + or − signs. 4x², −3x and 1 are terms in 4x² − 3x + 1.
项：被 + 或 − 分隔的单个数字、变量或它们的乘积。在 4x² − 3x + 1 中，4x², −3x 和 1 都是项。
Expression: A combination of terms without an equals sign. 2a + 5b is an expression.
表达式：不含等号的项的集合。2a + 5b 是一个表达式。
Equation: A mathematical statement that shows two expressions are equal
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