📚 Year 10 CAIE Economics: Exam Techniques and Marking Criteria | 十年级 CAIE 经济：答题技巧与评分标准
Mastering CAIE IGCSE Economics requires more than memorising definitions—it demands a clear understanding of exam techniques and how marks are awarded. This article covers essential tips for both Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) and Paper 2 (Structured Questions), decodes command words, and reveals what examiners look for in top-scoring answers.
掌握CAIE IGCSE经济不仅需要记忆定义，更需要清楚地理解答题技巧和评分标准。本文涵盖试卷一（选择题）和试卷二（结构化问题）的关键建议，解读指令词，并揭示高分答案的评分要点。
1. Understanding the Exam Structure | 理解考试结构
CAIE IGCSE Economics (0455) has two examination papers. Paper 1 consists of 30 multiple-choice questions, lasts 45 minutes, and accounts for 30% of the total mark. Paper 2 features compulsory structured questions, lasts 2 hours 15 minutes, and is worth 70%. Knowing the weighting helps you prioritise your revision and time allocation.
CAIE IGCSE 经济（0455）共有两份试卷。试卷一包含30道选择题，时长45分钟，占总分的30%。试卷二为一组必答的结构化问题，时长2小时15分钟，占70%。了解权重有助于你优先安排复习和分配时间。
Each paper tests different skills: Paper 1 assesses breadth of knowledge and basic application; Paper 2 examines depth of understanding, analysis, and evaluation. Therefore, your exam technique must adapt accordingly.
每份试卷考查不同的能力：试卷一评估知识的广度和基本应用；试卷二考查理解的深度、分析和评价能力。因此，你的答题技巧必须相应调整。
2. Decoding Command Words | 解码指令词
Command words tell you exactly what the examiner expects. Misinterpreting them is a common mistake. Here are the key ones:
指令词告诉你考官的具体要求。误解它们是一个常见错误。以下是最关键的几个：
| Command Word | Meaning | 中文释义 |
|---|---|---|
| Define | Give a precise meaning of a term; no explanation needed. | 给出术语的精确定义；无需解释。 |
| Explain | Show how something happens or why; use cause-and-effect. | 说明某事如何或为何发生；运用因果关系。 |
| Analyse | Break down an issue into components and examine links, often with a diagram. | 将问题分解为组成部分并考察其联系，常需配图。 |
| Discuss | Analyse, then present a balanced view with pros and cons. | 分析后给出平衡的观点，包括优缺点。 |
| Evaluate | Make a supported judgement; consider impacts, short/long run, stakeholders. | 作出有根据的判断；考虑影响、短期/长期、利益相关者。 |
Notice that Evaluation is the highest-order skill, requiring you to weigh up arguments and conclude decisively. It is often the discriminator between A and A* grades.
请注意，评价是最高层次的技能，要求你权衡论点并果断下结论。这往往是区分A和A*等级的关键。
3. Knowledge & Understanding Questions: Define and Identify | 知识与理解题：定义与识别
For marks requiring knowledge and understanding (AO1), accuracy is essential. When asked to define a term like "opportunity cost", give the exact meaning and an example if it helps. Avoid vague statements.
对于考查知识与理解（AO1）的题目，准确性至关重要。当被要求定义“机会成本”这样的术语时，给出精确含义，如有帮助可举一个例子。避免模糊的说法。
Use economic terminology precisely. For instance, "inflation" must be defined as a sustained increase in the general price level, not just "prices going up". Examiners reward correct jargon.
精确使用经济术语。例如，“通货膨胀”必须定义为一般物价水平的持续上升，而不仅仅是“物价上涨”。考官奖赏正确的专业用语。
In identification questions, simply state the factor, category, or outcome. One short sentence is often enough.
在识别类问题中，只需陈述因素、类别或结果。一句简短的话通常足够了。
4. Application: Using Context and Real-World Examples | 应用：运用情境与实例
Application (AO2) means linking your answer to the specific scenario or data provided. Always refer to the extract, table, or case study. For example, if a question is about a firm in Singapore, mention the firm's name and relevant figures.
应用（AO2）是指将你的答案与所给的具体情境或数据联系起来。务必引用摘录、表格或案例研究。例如，如果问题关于一家新加坡的公司，要提及该公司的名称和相关数据。
Avoid generic answers. Instead of saying "demand increases", say "demand for smartphones in Country X rose by 15% due to rising incomes, as shown in Table 1".
避免千篇一律的答案。与其说“需求增加”，不如说“由于收入上涨，X国智能手机需求增长了15%，如表1所示”。
A strong applied answer shows the examiner you can use theory in real-world settings. Keep your examples relevant and concise.
一个有力的应用型答案向考官展示你能在现实情境中运用理论。使你的例子贴切且简洁。
5. Analysis: Building Chains of Reasoning | 分析：构建推理链
Analysis (AO3) requires you to explain the economic logic step by step. Do not jump to conclusions. Use linking words such as "this leads to", "consequently", "which results in".
分析（AO3）要求你逐步解释经济逻辑。不要直接跳到结论。使用连接词如“这导致”、“因此”、“从而造成”。
A typical analysis chain for a demand increase: " reases ability to pay → demand curve shifts right → higher equilibrium price and quantity." Include the diagram if possible.
一个典型的需求增加分析链：“消费者收入上升提高了支付能力 → 需求曲线右移 → 均衡价格和数量上升。”如有可能，请附上图。
Analysis earns more marks when you demonstrate how variables interact. Compare before-and-after, or link two markets.
当你展现变量如何相互作用时，能获得更多分析分。比较前后变化，或连接两个市场。
6. Evaluation: Making Supported Judgements | 评价：作出有根据的判断
Evaluation (AO4) is what separates good answers from great ones. Start by summarising the key arguments, then weigh them. Consider magnitude, time frame, stakeholders, and assumptions.
评价（AO4）是区分好答案和优异答案的关键。先总结主要论点，再进行权衡。考虑影响程度、时间范围、利益相关者和假设前提。
A balanced evaluation means recognising that economic decisions often involve trade-offs. For example, a government subsidy may help consumers but create a fiscal burden. State which effect is more significant and why.
平衡的评价意味着认识到经济决策往往涉及权衡取舍。例如，政府补贴可能帮助消费者，但会造成财政负担。要说明哪种影响更为显著及其原因。
Always end with a justified conclusion. Avoid weak phrases like "it depends" without explanation. Instead, write "Raising interest rates is likely to be more effective in curbing inflation because...".
始终以合理的结论结束。避免没有解释的模糊措辞，如“这取决于情况”。而应写“提高利率更可能有效遏制通胀，因为……”。
7. Using Diagrams Effectively | 有效运用图表
Diagrams are powerful tools in economics. Integrate them into your answer whenever you can illustrate a concept—supply and demand, externalities, PPC, etc.
图表是经济学中的有力工具。只要能用图表说明概念，如供需、外部性、生产可能性边界等，就应将其融入答案中。
A good diagram must be correctly labelled: axes, curves, equilibrium points. Without labels, you lose marks. Refer to the diagram in your text, e.g., "As shown in Fig. 1, the shift...".
好的图表必须正确标注：坐标轴、曲线、均衡点。没有标注将会失分。在正文中引用图表，例如“如图1所示
Published by TutorHao | Year 10 Economics Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图