📚 Cambridge IGCSE Physics: Key Terminology Memory Hacks | 剑桥IGCSE物理核心术语速记指南
Mastering terminology is essential for success in Cambridge IGCSE Physics. This guide provides clear definitions coupled with simple memory tricks (mnemonics) to help you recall key terms quickly during tests and exams.
掌握术语是剑桥IGCSE物理成功的关键。本指南提供清晰的定义和简单的记忆技巧（速记法），帮助你在测验和考试中快速回忆核心术语。
1. Scalars and Vectors | 标量与矢量
A scalar quantity is fully described by its magnitude (size) alone. Examples include speed, distance, mass, time, temperature and energy.
标量只需用大小（数值）即可完全描述。例如速率、路程、质量、时间、温度和能量。
A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. Examples are velocity, displacement, force, acceleration, momentum and weight.
矢量既有大小又有方向。例如速度、位移、力、加速度、动量和重量。
Memory aid: 'Vector' sounds like 'Velocity' and both involve direction. Think of an arrow: it points somewhere. Scalars are simple 'scale' readings with no arrow.
速记法：'Vector'（矢量）和'Velocity'（速度）发音相近，都涉及方向。想象一支箭（arrow），它指向某个方向。标量就像秤上的读数，没有箭头。
Adding vectors: If two forces act along the same line, you add or subtract depending on direction. For perpendicular vectors, use a triangle or parallelogram method.
矢量相加：同一直线上两个力沿相同方向则相加，相反方向则相减。对于相互垂直的矢量，使用三角形法或平行四边形法。
2. Describing Motion | 描述运动
Distance is a scalar quantity; it tells you how far an object has moved along a path, with
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