📚 Year 10 Eduqas Psychology Mock Paper Walkthrough | 十年级Eduqas心理学模拟试卷解析
This article guides you through a full mock paper for the Year 10 Eduqas GCSE Psychology course, covering key topics from Unit 1: Psychology Past to Present. You will find sample questions, model answers and examiner-style commentary to help you understand how marks are awarded. The focus is on memory, attachment, conformity, obedience, psychopathology and research methods, all of which are central to your real assessment.
本文为你深度解析一份针对十年级Eduqas GCSE心理学课程设计的完整模拟试卷，内容涵盖第一单元“心理学的过去与现在”。你将看到样题、标准答案以及类似考官视角的点评，从而理解分数是如何分配的。重点包括记忆、依恋、从众、服从、心理病理学以及研究方法，这些都是你真实考试的核心内容。
1. Exam Structure and Command Words | 考试结构与指令词
The Eduqas GCSE Psychology Unit 1 paper lasts 1 hour 15 minutes and contains a mix of short-answer and extended-writing questions. It is crucial to read the command word carefully. 'Identify' asks you to name or label something concisely. 'Describe' requires a detailed account. 'Explain' means you must give reasons or show how something works. 'Evaluate' expects you to weigh strengths and weaknesses.
Eduqas GCSE心理学第一单元考试时间为1小时15分钟，包含简答题和扩展写作题。仔细阅读指令词至关重要。“Identify”要求你简洁地命名或贴标签。“Describe”需要详细叙述。“Explain”意味着你必须给出理由或说明某事物如何运作。“Evaluate”则期望你权衡优缺点。
- Common command words: Identify, Outline, Describe, Explain, Evaluate, Compare.
- 常见指令词：识别、概述、描述、解释、评价、比较。
Our mock paper mirrors this structure and includes a variety of question types to build your confidence.
我们的模拟试卷反映了这一结构，并包含多种题型，以增强你的信心。
2. Question 1: Multi-Store Model of Memory | 问题1：记忆的多重储存模型
Sample question: Outline the multi-store model of memory. (4 marks)
样题：请概述记忆的多重储存模型。(4分)
sory register, short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). Information flows linearly from the environment into sensory memory, where it lasts only a fraction of a second. If attention is paid, it moves to STM, which has a limited capacity of 7±2 items and a duration of about 18 seconds. Rehearsal then transfers information to LTM, which has potentially unlimited capacity and duration.
一个高分答案会指出该模型由Atkinson和Shiffrin（1968年）提出，将记忆描述为由三个独立的储存库组成：感觉登记、短时记忆（STM）和长时记忆（LTM）。信息从环境线性进入感觉记忆，在那里仅持续几分之一秒。如果受到注意，信息便转入短时记忆，其容量有限为7±2个项目，持续约18秒。之后复述将信息转入长时记忆，其容量和持续时间可能无限。
Students often lose marks by omitting the key details of capacity, duration and encoding for each store. Always include these features where relevant.
学生常因遗漏每个储存库的容量、持续时间和编码等关键细节而失分。在相关题目中务必包含这些特征。
3. Question 2: Attachment Types and the Strange Situation | 问题2：依恋类型与陌生情境法
Sample question: Describe the three main attachment types identified by Ainsworth in her Strange Situation study. (5 marks)
样题：描述Ainsworth在其陌生情境研究中确定的三种主要依恋类型。(5分)
Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation classified infant attachment into secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant. A securely attached infant uses the caregiver as a safe base, shows distress on separation and is easily comforted on reunion. An insecure-avoidant infant tends to ignore the caregiver, shows little separation anxiety and treats the stranger similarly. An insecure-resistant infant is clingy, very distressed by separation, but resists comfort on reunion.
Mary Ainsworth的陌生情境法将婴儿依恋分为安全型、不安全-回避型和不安全-抗拒型。安全型依恋的婴儿以照护者为安全基地，分离时表现出痛苦，重聚时很容易被安抚。不安全-回避型婴儿往往忽视照护者，表现出很少的分离焦虑，对待陌生人的方式也相似。不安全-抗拒型婴儿非常黏人，因分离而极度痛苦，但在重聚时又抗拒安抚。
To achieve full marks, you must outline the key behaviours for each type and link them to the episodes of the Strange Situation. Avoid simply listing the names.
要获得满分，你必须概述每种类型的关键行为，并将其与陌生情境的各个情节联系起来。避免只列出名称。
4. Question 3: Explanations of Conformity | 问题3：从众的解释
Sample question: Explain what is meant by normative social influence as an explanation for conformity. (3 marks)
样题：解释作为从众原因之一的规范性社会影响是什么意思。(3分)
Normative social influence is where a person conforms to the majority in order to gain approval or avoid rejection. It usually leads to public compliance but not necessarily private acceptance. This explanation is supported by Asch's (1951) line study, where participants agreed with an obviously wrong majority because they wanted to fit in.
规范性社会影响是指个体为了获得认同或避免被排斥而从众。它通常导致公开顺从，但不一定意味着内心接受。这一解释得到了Asch（1951年）线段研究的支持，在该研究中参与者同意明显错误的大多数，因为他们想要融入群体。
For a 3-mark question, you should define the term, give key features and support with a brief reference to research. Do not confuse normative influence with informational influence.
对于3分的问题，你需要下定义，给出关键特征，并简要引用研究加以支持。不要将规范性影响与信息性影响相混淆。
5. Question 4: Obedience to Authority | 问题4：对权威的服从
Sample question: Describe one factor that affects obedience to authority, as investigated by Milgram. (3 marks)
样题：描述一个影响服从权威的因素，如Milgram所研究的那样。(3分)
One factor is the proximity of the authority figure. In Milgram's variation where the experimenter gave orders by telephone, obedience rates dropped from 65% to 20.5%. This shows that physical presence and immediacy of the authority increase obedience, likely because the pressure is felt more directly.
一个因素是权威人物的接近性。在Milgram的实验变式中，当主试通过电话下达命令时，服从率从65%下降到20.5%。这表明权威的物理在场和即时性会提升服从，可能是因为压力被更直接地感受到。
Always name the factor clearly and describe how it was tested. Linking to a specific percentage or outcome from Milgram's work demonstrates precise knowledge.
始终明确给出因素名称，并描述它是如何被测试的。引用Milgram研究中的具体百分比或结果，可以展现出精确的知识。
6. Question 5: Symptoms and Explanations of Depression | 问题5：抑郁症的症状与解释
Sample question: Outline two emotional symptoms of unipolar depression. (2 marks) Then explain the cognitive explanation for depression using Beck's negative triad. (4 marks)
样题：概述单相抑郁症的两个情绪症状。(2分) 然后使用Beck的负性三角解释抑郁症的认知解释。(4分)
Two emotional symptoms are persistent lowered mood and feelings of worthlessness. The cognitive explanation asserts that depression arises from faulty information processing and irrational beliefs. Beck proposed the negative triad: a negative view of the self, the world and the future. A depressed person automatically interprets experiences in a way that reinforces these negative views, leading to a cycle of despair.
两个情绪症状是持续低落的心境和无价值感。认知解释主张抑郁症源于错误的信息处理和不合逻辑的信念。Beck提出了负性三角：对自我、世界和未来的消极看法。抑郁的人会自动地用强化这些消极看法的方式解读经历，从而导致绝望的循环。
When explaining the cognitive approach, you must name and briefly describe each element of the triad. You can also mention that the explanation has supporting evidence but is criticised for ignoring biological factors.
在解释认知路径时，你必须说出并简要描述三角中的每个元素。你也可以提到该解释有支持性证据，但被批评忽略了生物因素。
7. Question 6: Research Methods—Experimental Design | 问题6：研究方法—实验设计
Sample question: A psychologist is investigating whether background noise affects recall. Group A learns words in silence, Group B learns words with loud music. Both groups are then tested. Identify the experimental design used. (1 mark) Explain one strength of this design. (2 marks)
样题：一位心理学家正在研究背景噪音是否影响回忆。A组在安静中学习单词，B组在嘈杂音乐中学习单词。随后两组都接受测试。识别所使用的实验设计。(1分) 解释该设计的一个优点。(2分)
This is an independent groups design. A strength is that there are no order effects, such as practice or fatigue, because each participant is only tested once. This means the findings are less likely to be distorted by participants improving or getting tired across conditions.
这是独立组设计。其优点是没有顺序效应，如练习效应或疲劳效应，因为每个参与者只接受一次测试。这意味着研究结果不太可能因参与者在不同条件间表现得越来越好或越来越累而受到扭曲。
Make sure you can also identify repeated measures and matched pairs designs, and discuss the criticisms of independent groups, such as participant variables.
确保你也能识别重复测量设计和匹配对设计，并讨论独立组设计的缺点，例如参与者变量。
8. Using Key Terminology Accurately | 准确使用关键术语
Examiners expect precise psychological vocabulary. For memory, terms like 'encoding', 'capacity', 'duration', 'sensory register', 'rehearsal loop' must be used correctly. In attachment, differentiate between 'privation' and 'deprivation'. In psychopathology, distinguish between 'emotional', 'behavioural' and 'cognitive' characteristics.
考官期望使用精确的心理学词汇。在记忆专题，必须正确使用'编码'、'容量'、'持续时间'、'感觉登记'、'复述回路'等术语。在依恋专题，要区分'缺失'和'剥夺'。在心理病理学中，要区分'情绪'、'行为'和'认知'特征。
A common error is writing 'short-term memory has a duration of 2 minutes' tems, and duration is around 18 seconds. Using incorrect numbers signals a misconception and loses marks.
一个常见错误是写出'短时记忆的持续时间为2分钟'。正确的STM容量为7±2个项目，持续时间约为18秒。使用错误数字表明存在误解，会因此失分。
9. Common Mistakes and Model Answers | 常见错误与模范答案
Below is a comparison of a weak answer and a model answer for a typical 'Describe' question on the multi-store model.
下面是对比一个弱的答案和一个模范答案，题目是典型的“描述”多重储存模型。
| Weak Answer / 弱答案 | Model Answer / 模范答案 |
|---|---|
| 'It has three boxes. Information goes into STM then LTM.' | 'The multi-store model proposes three separate stores: sensory register, STM and LTM. Information enters sensory memory and, if attended to, moves to STM. STM encodes acoustically, has a capacity of about 7 items and a duration of 18 seconds. Through maintenance rehearsal, information is transferred to LTM, which encodes semantically and has unlimited capacity and duration.' |
The model answer uses correct terminology, gives precise capacities and explains the flow of information. The weak answer is vague and lacks detail.
模范答案使用了正确的术语，给出了精确的容量，并解释了信息流。弱的答案模糊且缺乏细节。
Also, in evaluation questions, balance your points. For example, when evaluating the multi-store model, you might say it is supported by the serial position effect but oversimplifies memory and ignores the working memory model.
此外，在评价类问题中，要平衡你的观点。例如，在评价多重储存模型时，你可以说它得到系列位置效应的支持，但它过度简化了记忆且忽略了工作记忆模型。
10. Revision Tips from This Mock | 从这份模拟卷中得出的复习技巧
After working through this mock, you should focus on three areas. First, create flashcards for all key studies, including the aim, method, results and conclusion. Second, practise writing timed answers for 4-mark and 5-mark questions using the structure PEE (Point, Evidence, Explain). Third, check that you can define every key term from the specification without mixing them up.
在完成这份模拟卷后，你应该集中注意三个方面。第一，为所有关键研究制作记忆卡，内容包括目的、方法、结果和结论。第二，运用PEE结构（观点、证据、解释）练习限时写出4分和5分的答案。第三，检查你是否能准确无误地定义课程大纲中的每一个关键术语。
Remember that the exam will ask you to apply knowledge to novel scenarios. Practice applying concepts like short-term memory capacity to a new example, or explaining a child's behaviour using attachment types.
请记住，考试会要求你将知识应用到新情境中。练习将短时记忆容量等概念应用到新实例中，或使用依恋类型解释一个孩子的行为。
By reviewing this walkthrough regularly, you will strengthen your command of the content and improve your exam technique for Unit 1.
通过定期复习这份解析，你将强化对内容的掌握，并提升第一单元的考试技巧。
Published by TutorHao | Psychology Revision Series | aleveler.com
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