📚 Year 10 Eduqas Physics: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference | 10年级Eduqas物理：公式定理速查手册
This quick reference handbook covers every essential formula and theorem required for the Year 10 Eduqas GCSE Physics course. It is designed to help you revise efficiently, memorise key equations and practise applying them to exam-style problems. Keep this guide handy as you learn each topic, and test yourself regularly on both the formulae and the units.
本快速参考手册涵盖了10年级Eduqas物理课程中所有必备的公式和定理。它旨在帮助你高效复习、记忆关键方程式并练习将其应用于考试风格的题目。在学习每个主题时随身携带本指南，并定期自测公式及其单位。
1. Speed, Distance and Time | 速度、距离和时间
Speed is a scalar quantity that tells you how fast an object is moving. The average speed of any object can be found by dividing the total distance travelled by the total time taken. If the speed is constant, the instantaneous speed equals this average value. The relationship is expressed by the equation:
v = Δs / t
速度是一个标量，表示物体运动的快慢。任何物体的平均速度都可以用通过的总距离除以所需总时间得出。如果速度是恒定的，瞬时速度就等于这个平均值。这一关系用公式表示为 v = Δs / t。
You can rearrange the formula to calculate distance (s = v × t) or time (t = s / v). Always use consistent units: speed in metres per second (m/s), distance in metres (m) and time in seconds (s). For journeys with multiple stages, add the individual distances before dividing by the total time.
你可以变换公式来计算距离（s = v × t）或时间（t = s / v）。务必使用一致的单位：速度用米每秒 (m/s)，距离用米 (m)，时间用秒 (s)。对于多段行程，先将各段距离相加再除以总时间。
2. Acceleration | 加速度
Acceleration is a vector quantity that measures the rate at which velocity changes. It can be a positive value (speeding up) or a negative value, often called deceleration. The fundamental definition of acceleration is given by the change in velocity divided by the time taken for that change:
a = (v − u) / t
加速度是一个矢量，衡量速度变化的快慢。它可以是正值（加速），也可以是负值，通常称为减速。加速度的基本定义是速度的变化量除以发生该变化所需的时间：a = (v − u) / t。
When an object moves with constant acceleration, a second useful equation links initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration and displacement. This equation is especially helpful when time is not known:
v² − u² = 2 a s
当物体以恒定加速度运动时，第二个有用的方程将初速度、末速度、加速度和位移联系起来。在未知时间的情况下该方程尤其有用：v² − u² = 2 a s。
In both equations, v is final velocity (m/s), u is initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²) and s is displacement (m). Always substitute values with their signs; for example, use a negative value for a when the object is slowing down.
在这两个方程中，v 是末速度 (m/s)，u 是初速度 (m/s)，a 是加速度 (m/s²)，s 是位移 (m)。代入数值时始终带着符号；例如，当物体减速时，a 应取负值。
3. Newton's Second Law | 牛顿第二定律
Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The direction of the acceleration is the same as the direction of the resultant force. This law is written as:
F = m a
牛顿第二定律指出，物体的加速度与作用在它上面的合力成正比，与它的质量成反比，加速度的方向与合力的方向相同。该定律写作 F = m a。
In this equation, F is the resultant force in newtons (N), m is the mass in kilograms (kg) and a is the acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s²). Remember that if several forces act on an object, you must first determine the net force before using this relationship. If the resultant force is zero, the acceleration is zero, which is consistent with Newton's First Law.
在此方程中，F 是合力，单位是牛顿 (N)；m 是质量，单位是千克 (kg)；a 是加速度，单位是米每二次方秒 (m/s²)。记住，如果有多个力作用在物体上，必须先确定净力再使用这一关系。如果合力为零，加速度就为零，这与牛顿第一定律一致。
4. Weight and Gravitational Field Strength | 重量与引力场强度
Weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity. It depends on the mass of the object and the gravitational field strength at its location. The relationship is:
W = m g
重量是物体由于引力而受到的力。它取决于物体的质量及其所在位置的引力场强度。关系式为 W = m g。
Here W stands for weight (N), m for mass (kg) and g for gravitational field strength (N/kg). On the Earth's surface, g ions you may be asked to use 10 N/kg. Note that mass is a scalar and does not change with location, whereas weight is a vector and varies on different planets.
这里 W 表示重量 (N)，m 表示质量 (kg)，g 表示引力场强度 (N/kg)。在地球表面，g ≈ 9.8 N/kg，但在大多数 GCSE 计算中，你可能被要求取 10 N/kg。注意，质量是标量且不随位置改变，而重量是矢量，在不同行星上会发生变化。
5. Work Done | 做功
Work is done whenever a force moves an object through a distance. The amount of work done is equal to the energy transferred. When the force and the displacement are in the same direction, the work done is calculated by:
W = F × s
当一个力使物体移动一段距离时，就做了功。做功的多少等于转移的能量。当力与位移方向相同时，做功的计算公式为 W = F × s。
In this expression, W is work done in joules (J), F is the magnitude of the force in newtons (N) and s is the distance moved in the direction of the force in metres (m). If the force is applied at an angle, only
Published by TutorHao | Year 10 Physics Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图