📚 Year 9 CAIE Music: Quick Memorisation Guide to Musical Vocabulary & Terminology | Year 9 CAIE 音乐：词汇术语速记指南
Welcome to your one-stop revision guide for mastering musical vocabulary in Year 9 CAIE Music. Understanding and memorising terminology is the first step towards analysing pieces with confidence and acing your listening, performing and composing assessments. This article breaks down essential terms by topic and pairs each definition with a simple memory hack.
欢迎查阅 Year 9 CAIE 音乐词汇术语速记指南。掌握并牢记术语是自信分析乐曲、在听力、演奏和创作考试中取得好成绩的第一步。本文将必备术语按主题分类，并为每个定义搭配简单的记忆窍门。
1. Dynamics and Articulation | 力度与奏法
Pianissimo (pp) means very soft. Think of 'pianissimo' as 'piano' with an 'issimo' — extra small sound. Picture a tiny mouse scurrying.
Pianissimo (pp) 意为极弱。想象一只小老鼠蹑手蹑脚地跑过。
Piano (p): soft. Associate 'piano' with a quiet whisper. The letter 'p' is small and gentle.
Piano (p)：弱奏。字母 p 就像轻轻耳语。
Mezzo-piano (mp): moderately soft. 'Mezzo' means half, so it sits exactly between soft and medium.
Mezzo-piano (mp)：中弱。 mezzo 意为一半，正好介于弱和中强之间。
Mezzo-forte (mf): moderately loud. Same logic as mp, but now louder.
Mezzo-forte (mf)：中强。同理比 forte 弱一点。
Forte (f): loud. Remember 'forte' sounds like 'fort', a strong and powerful place. Or think of a forceful push.
Forte (f)：强奏。 forte 发音类似 'fort'（堡垒），坚固有力。
Fortissimo (ff): very loud. Like a fortissimo thunderclap. Imagine a roaring lion.
Fortissimo (ff)：极强。像狮吼一般响亮。
Crescendo (cresc.): gradually getting louder. The hairpin symbol opens up, just as the sound spreads wider.
Crescendo (cresc.)：渐强。记号像一个张开的楔子，声音逐渐放大。
Diminuendo (dim.) / Descrescendo: gradually getting softer. The closing hairpin suggests sound fading away.
Diminuendo (dim.) / Descrescendo：渐弱。闭合的楔形表示音量收拢、远去。
Sforzando (sfz): a sudden, sharp accent on a single note. The 'sforz' part sounds like a sudden burst of force.
Sforzando (sfz)：突强。像是突然用力挤出的一股力量。
Legato: smooth and connected. Imagine a silky ribbon or pearls strung together, each note flowing into the next.
Legato（连奏）：平滑连贯。像一串珍珠，每个音柔和地流入下一个。
Staccato: short and detached. The dot above/below the note makes the sound bounce, like a ping-pong ball.
Staccato（断奏）：短促分离。音符上的圆点让声音弹跳，如同乒乓球落地。
Tenuto: held for its full value, possibly slightly stressed. 'Tenuto' contains 'ten', as in holding something tensely.
Tenuto（保持）：奏足时值，可微微加重。联想 'tense'（绷紧），稳稳托住。
Accent ( > ): emphasize the note with extra force. Picture a hammer striking decisively.
重音 ( > )：强调该音。就像锤子果断敲下。
Marcato: marked, well-accented. Even stronger than a regular accent, like a marching band step.
Marcato（着重）：带重音的断奏，比普通重音更突出，类似行进乐队的踏步声。
2. Tempo and Expression | 速度与表情
Largo: very slow and broad. Think 'large' — wide, expansive steps that take time.
Largo（广板）：极慢宽广。步子迈得大，自然走得慢。
Adagio: slow, at ease. 'Adagio' sounds like 'a dais yo!' — calm and leisurely.
Adagio（柔板）：缓慢从容。从容不迫的节奏。
Andante: walking pace. 'Andare' is Italian for 'to walk'. Imagine a relaxed stroll.
Andante（行板）：如行走的速度。意大利语 andare 意为步行。
Moderato: moderate speed. Straightforward — not too fast, not too slow.
Moderato（中板）：中等速度。不快不慢。
Allegro: fast, joyful. Link to 'allegory' — a lively story — or 'alligator' racing.
Allegro（快板）：快速、欢乐。可联想短吻鳄 (alligator) 赛跑，或生动的寓言 (allegory)。
Vivace: lively, brisk. 'Vivace' shares roots with 'vivid' — full of life and energy.
Vivace（活板）：活泼富有生气。与 'vivid'（生动）同源。
Presto: very fast. Think 'presto' like a magician's quick trick — disappears in a flash.
Presto（急板）：极快。像魔术师的急速手法，瞬间完成。
Ritardando (rit.): gradually slowing down. Imagine gently applying brakes.
Ritardando (rit.)：渐慢。想象轻踩刹车逐渐减速。
Accelerando (accel.): gradually getting faster. Picture a car accelerating on a straight road.
Accelerando (accel.)：渐快。如同汽车在直道上提速。
A tempo: return to the original speed after a tempo change. Think 'back to normal'.
A tempo：回原速。节奏变化后恢复原来的速度。
Rubato: expressive flexibility of tempo. The word suggests 'robbed' time — some notes are slightly stolen and given back.
Rubato（弹性速度）：表现性的自由节奏。像时间被“偷走”了一些又还回来。
3. Melody and Pitch | 旋律与音高
Pitch: how high or low a note sounds. Determined by frequency. Think of a flute's high tweet vs. a tuba's low rumble.
音高：声音的高低。长笛的高鸣 vs. 大号的低鸣。
Interval: the distance between two notes. Count the letter names (e.g., C to E is a 3rd). Intervals are the building blocks of melody.
音程：两个音之间的距离。数字母名，如 C 到 E 为三度。音程是旋律的基石。
Conjunct movement: melody moves by step (adjacent notes). Smooth, like climbing stairs one by one.
级进：旋律逐级移动，像一级一级走楼梯。
Disjunct movement: melody leaps between notes. Creates a more angular, surprise effect.
跳进：旋律跳跃进行，带来棱角感和意外感。
Range or Tessitura: the span from lowest to highest note. A narrow range stays within a few notes; a wide range stretches far.
音域：最低到最高音的范围。窄音域局限在几个音内，宽音域跨度很大。
Scale: a set of notes ascending or descending in a fixed pattern. Major scale feels bright (Happy birthday); minor scale feels sad.
音阶：按固定模式上行或下行的一组音。大调音阶听感明亮，小调忧伤。
Arpeggio: notes of a chord played one after another. Short for 'broken chord'. Visualise a harpist plucking strings sequentially.
琶音：和弦音依次奏出，即分解和弦。想象竖琴依次拨弦。
Sequence: a melodic pattern repeated at a higher or lower pitch. Like an echo that climbs.
模进：一个旋律型在更高或更低的音高上重复，如同攀爬的回声。
Ostinato: a persistently repeated musical phrase. 'Obstinate' means stubborn — this pattern won't go away!
固定音型 (Ostinato)：持续重复的乐句。词根意为固执，就像甩不掉的旋律。
4. Rhythm and Metre | 节奏与拍子
Beat: the steady pulse you tap your foot to. It is the music's heartbeat.
拍子：音乐稳定的脉动，你可以用脚打拍子的基本单位，心搏般规律。
Rhythm: the pattern of long and short sounds over the beat. The surface design of music in time.
节奏：在拍子基础上长短音的组合，是音乐在时间上的花样。
Semibreve (whole note): the longest standard note value, worth 4 crotchet beats in 4/4.
全音符：最长的基本音符，在 4/4 拍中为 4 拍。
Minim (half note): worth 2 crotchet beats. Looks like a hollow oval with a stem.
二分音符：两拍，空心符头加符干。
Crotchet (quarter note): 1 beat, solid notehead with a stem.
四分音符：一拍，实心符头加符干。
Quaver (eighth note): half a beat. Has a flag or beam, like a little tail.
八分音符：半拍，带符尾或符杠。
Semiquaver (sixteenth note): quarter of a beat. Double flag or beam.
十六分音符：四分之一拍，带双符尾或双符杠。
Dotted note: increases a note's length by half its original value. A dot adds 'half again'.
附点音符：将原音符时值延长一半。附点即“增加一半”。
Tie: a curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch, holding the sound across them.
延音线：连接两个同音高音符的弧线，声音持续不中断。
Syncopation: placing accents on weak beats or off-beats — a rhythmic surprise. Think 'syn-CO-pa-tion'.
切分音：将重音落在弱拍或弱位，营造节奏的意外感。
Time signature p : two numbers at the start. Top number = beats per bar; bottom number = type of beat. 4/4 = four crotchet beats per bar.
拍号：谱首两个数字。上数字每小节拍数，下数字以什么音符为一拍。4/4 即每小节四个四分音符。
5. Harmony and Tonality | 和声与调性
Harmony: two or more notes sounding together. Vertical dimension of music.
和声：两个或以上音同时发声，音乐的纵向维度。
Chord: three or more notes stacked in intervals, usually built in 3rds.
和弦：三个或以上音按音程叠置，通常三度叠置。
Triad: a three-note chord containing a root, 3rd and 5th. The most basic chord type.
三和弦：包含根音、三音和五音的三音和弦，最基本的和弦类型。
Major chord: sounds happy, bright. A major triad has a major 3rd interval at the bottom.
大三和弦：听感明亮快乐，底部是大三度。
Minor chord: sounds
Published by TutorHao | Year 9 音乐 Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图