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Year 9 WJEC French: Core Knowledge Review | 九年级WJEC法语核心知识点梳理

2026-07-18 17:07 · 本文部分内容由AI辅助创作

📚 Year 9 WJEC French: Core Knowledge Review | 九年级WJEC法语核心知识点梳理

Mastering Year 9 French under the WJEC syllabus means building a solid foundation across grammar, vocabulary and communication skills. This guide brings together the essential topics you must know, from present tense conjugations and key irregular verbs to question forms, negation and themed vocabulary, all set out in clear bilingual sections to strengthen both your understanding and your confidence.

要掌握WJEC九年级法语课程,就必须在语法、词汇和交际技能上打下扎实的基础。本文整合了所有必学的核心主题,从现在时变位、重要不规则动词到疑问形式、否定结构以及主题词汇,全部以清晰的双语段落呈现,既能加深理解,也能提升信心。


1. Present Tense: Regular Verbs | 现在时:规则动词变位

In French, regular verbs are grouped into three families according to their infinitive endings: -er, -ir and -re. To form the present tense, you remove the ending and add the correct set of endings for each subject pronoun. The -er group is by far the largest and includes everyday verbs like parler (to speak), aimer (to like) and habiter (to live).

法语中的规则动词根据不定式词尾分为三组:-er、-ir 和 -re。构成现在时时,需要去掉词尾,然后为各人称代词添加对应的词尾。其中 -er 组是最大的一类,包括 parler(说话)、aimer(喜欢)和 habiter(居住)等日常动词。

For a model -er verb like parler, the endings are: je -e, tu -es, il/elle/on -e, nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent. So je parle, tu parles, il parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils parlent. Notice that the final -ent in the ils/elles form is silent.

以 parler 这类 -er 动词为例,词尾分别是:je -e、tu -es、il/elle/on -e、nous -ons、vous -ez、ils/elles -ent。因此变位为 je parle、tu parles、il parle、nous parlons、vous parlez、ils parlent。注意,ils/elles 形式末尾的 -ent 不发音。

Regular -ir verbs, such as finir (to finish), take the endings: je -is, tu -is, il/elle/on -it, nous -issons, vous -issez, ils/elles -issent. This gives je finis, tu finis, il finit, nous finissons, vous finissez, ils finissent. The plural forms insert -iss- before the ending, which helps you recognise this pattern.

规则 -ir 动词如 finir(完成),其词尾为:je -is、tu -is、il/elle/on -it、nous -issons、vous -issez、ils/elles -issent。变位即为 je finis、tu finis、il finit、nous finissons、vous finissez、ils finissent。复数形式在词尾前插入 -iss-,这有助于记住这一模式。

Regular -re verbs, like vendre (to sell), follow: je -s, tu -s, il/elle/on - (nothing), nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent. So je vends, tu vends, il vend, nous vendons, vous vendez, ils vendent. The singular endings are simpler, but never forget to add the -s for je and tu.

规则 -re 动词如 vendre(卖),遵循:je -s、tu -s、il/elle/on 无词尾、nous -ons、vous -ez、ils/elles -ent。变位为 je vends、tu vends、il vend、nous vendons、vous vendez、ils vendent。单数词尾更简单,但务必记住 je 和 tu 要加 -s。


2. Key Irregular Verbs | 重要不规则动词

Four verbs tower above all others in Year 9: avoir (to have), être (to be), aller (to go) and faire (to do/make). These appear constantly in idiomatic expressions and as auxiliaries, so their present tense forms must become second nature.

在九年级的学习中,有四个动词最为重要:avoir(有)、être(是)、aller(去)和 faire(做)。它们在习惯表达和助动词用法中频繁出现,其现在时形式必须熟记于心。

Subjectavoirêtreallerfaire
jeaisuisvaisfais
tuasesvasfais
il/elle/onaestvafait
nousavonssommesallonsfaisons
vousavezêtesallezfaites
ils/ellesontsontvontfont

Beyond these four, other common irregulars include pouvoir (can), vouloir (to want) and devoir (must). In Year 9, you should at least recognise their je and on forms: je peux, on peut; je veux, on veut; je dois, on doit. These modal-like verbs are often followed by an infinitive.

除这四者之外,其他常见的不规则动词包括 pouvoir(能够)、vouloir(想要)和 devoir(必须)。在九年级,至少需要认识它们的 je 和 on 形式:je peux、on peut;je veux、on veut;je dois、on doit。这类情态动词后面通常跟动词不定式。


3. Adjective Agreement and Position | 形容词性数配合与位置

French adjectives must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) with the noun they describe. The most common rule is to add -e for the feminine and -s for the plural, giving a combined feminine plural form with -es.

法语形容词必须与所修饰的名词在性(阳性和阴性)与数(单数和复数)上保持配合。最常见的规则是阴性加 -e,复数加 -s,因此阴性复数为 -es。

For example, un garçon intelligent (a clever boy) becomes une fille intelligente (a clever girl), and in the plural des garçons intelligents, des filles intelligentes. Some adjectives, like heureux (happy), have irregular feminine forms: heureuse. A handful of adjectives are invariable in the written form, such as marron (brown) or orange, which never take an extra -e or -s.

例如,un garçon intelligent(一个聪明的男孩)变为 une fille intelligente(一个聪明的女孩),复数则为 des garçons intelligents、des filles intelligentes。有些形容词变形不规则,如 heureux(幸福的)的阴性是 heureuse。少数形容词在书写中不变化,例如 marron(棕色的)或 orange,从不添加 -e 或 -s。

Position is another challenge: most adjectives come after the noun, but a small group of common adjectives (often remembered as BAGS – Beauty, Age, Goodness, Size) precede the noun. Examples include beau (beautiful), jeune (young), bon (good) and grand (big). So une belle maison but une maison moderne.

位置是另一个难点:大多数形容词位于名词之后,但一小部分常用形容词(常通过 BAGS 记忆——Beauty 美、Age 年龄、Goodness 好、Size 大)置于名词之前。例如 beau、jeune、bon 和 grand。因此是 une belle maison,但 une maison moderne。


4. Articles: Definite, Indefinite, Partitive | 冠词:定冠词、不定冠词与部分冠词

Choosing the right article is a daily task in French. Definite articles (le, la, l', les) translate roughly to 'the' and are used when referring to specific items or general truths. Indefinite articles (un, une, des) mean 'a/an/some' and introduce a non-specific countable noun. The partitive articles (du, de la, de l', des) express an unspecified quantity of something, often corresponding to 'some' in English, and are used with mass nouns like food and drink.

选择合适的冠词是法语中的日常任务。定冠词(le, la, l', les)大致相当于“the”,用于指具体事物或普遍真理。不定冠词(un, une, des)表示“一个/一些”,引出非特指的可数名词。部分冠词(du, de la, de l', des)表示不确指的数量,常对应英语的“some”,与食物、饮料等不可数名词连用。

Examples: le livre (the book), la table (the table), l'école (the school), les enfants (the children). Indefinite: un stylo (a pen), une gomme (a rubber), des cahiers (some exercise books). Partitive: du pain (some bread), de la confiture (some jam), de l'eau (some water), des épinards (some spinach). After a negative, partitive and indefinite articles often become de or d': je n'ai pas de pain.

例如:le livre(这本书)、la table(这张桌子)、l'école(这所学校)、les enfants(这些孩子)。不定冠词:un stylo(一支笔)、une gomme(一块橡皮)、des cahiers(一些练习本)。部分冠词:du pain(一些面包)、de la confiture(一些果酱)、de l'eau(一些水)、des épinards(一些菠菜)。在否定句中,部分冠词和不定冠词往往变成 de 或 d':je n'ai pas de pain。


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5. Asking Questions | 疑问表达

WJEC expects Year 9 learners to form questions using three main methods: intonation, 'est-ce que' and inversion. Intonation is the simplest – just raise your voice at the end of a statement: Tu aimes le sport ? The 'est-ce que' structure is extremely versatile and turns any statement into a question without altering word order: Est-ce que tu aimes le sport ?

WJEC 要求九年级学生掌握三种主要疑问方式:语调、est-ce que 和倒装。语调最简单,只需在陈述句末尾提高声调:Tu aimes le sport ?。est-ce que 结构非常灵活,能将任何陈述句变为疑问句,无需改变词序:Est-ce que tu aimes le sport ?。

Inversion, where the subject pronoun and verb swap places and are linked by a hyphen, is more formal: Aimes-tu le sport ? Note the obligatory -t- inserted between two vowels, as in Parle-t-il français ? In Year 9, you should also use question words: où (where), quand (when), comment (how), pourquoi (why), qui (who) and que (what).

倒装则更正式,主语代词与动词位置互换并用连字符连接:Aimes-tu le sport ?。注意在两个元音之间须插入 -t-,如 Parle-t-il français ?。在九年级,还应学会使用疑问词:où(哪里)、quand(何时)、comment(如何)、pourquoi(为什么)、qui(谁)和 que(什么)。


6. Numbers, Dates and Time | 数字、日期与时间

Confidence with numbers 1-100 is a must. The tricky part lies in 70-99, where French uses base-20 logic: 70 is soixante-dix (sixty-ten), 80 is quatre-vingts (four-twenties), and 90 is quatre-vingt-dix (four-twenty-ten). 71 becomes soixante et onze, 72 soixante-douze, while 91 is quatre-vingt-onze with no 'et'.

熟练掌握数字 1-100 是必备技能。难点在于 70-99,法语运用了二十进制的逻辑:70 是 soixante-dix(六十加十),80 是 quatre-vingts(四个二十),90 是 quatre-vingt-dix(四乘二十加十)。71 变为 soixante et onze,72 为 soixante-douze,而 91 是 quatre-vingt-onze,中间没有 et。

For dates, write le lundi 3 octobre (Monday 3 October) – the day comes before the month, and cardinal numbers are used except for the 1st, which is le premier. Months are not capitalised in French. Telling the time uses the formula Il est... followed by the hour: Il est trois heures (it's three o'clock), Il est midi/minuit (it's noon/midnight). Add minutes with et quart (quarter past), et demie (half past) and moins le quart (quarter to).

日期方面,写作 le lundi 3 octobre——星期在前,月份在后,除第一天用 le premier 外,其余都用基数词。法语的月份不大写。时间表达用 Il est... 加小时:Il est trois heures(现在是三点),Il est midi/minuit(现在是中午/午夜)。加上分钟则用 et quart(过一刻)、et demie(过半)和 moins le quart(差一刻)。


7. Near Future and Recent Past | 最近将来与最近过去

The near future (futur proche) is formed with the present tense of aller plus an infinitive. It is the most common way to express an event that will happen soon or a planned action. Example: Je vais regarder un film (I am going to watch a film). Every subject uses its own aller form, so you must know je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vous allez, ils vont by heart.

最近将来时由动词 aller 的现在时加上动词不定式构成。这是表达即将发生的事件或计划做某事的最常用方式。例如:Je vais regarder un film(我要去看电影)。每个人称都要使用对应的 aller 形式,因此必须牢记 je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vous allez, ils vont。

The recent past (passé récent) works similarly: use the present tense of venir plus de + infinitive. It describes something that has just happened. Je viens de finir mes devoirs means 'I have just finished my homework.' Note that venir is irregular: je viens, tu viens, il vient, nous venons, vous venez, ils viennent.

最近过去时同理:用 venir 的现在时加上 de + 不定式。它描述刚刚发生的动作。Je viens de finir mes devoirs 意为“我刚做完作业”。注意 venir 是不规则动词:je viens, tu viens, il vient, nous venons, vous venez, ils viennent。

Together, these two constructions allow you to talk about immediate future and recent past without needing the full future or perfect tenses, but they are a stepping stone towards them.

这两种结构让你无需完全掌握将来时或过去时,就能谈论近期将来和刚发生的过去,但它们也是通向完整时态的基石。


8. Prepositions of Place and Key Prepositions | 地点介词与常用介词

Prepositions such as à, en, dans, sur, sous, devant and derrière are fundamental for describing locations. À is used with cities: à Paris; en is used with feminine countries and continents: en France, en Asie. Au (à + le) and aux (à + les) are used with masculine or plural countries: au Canada, aux États-Unis.

à、en、dans、sur、sous、devant 和 derrière 等介词是描述位置的基础。À 与城市连用:à Paris;en 与阴性国家和洲连用:en France、en Asie。Au(à + le)和 aux(à + les)则与阳性或复数国家连用:au Canada、aux États-Unis。

Dans means 'in' or 'inside' and is more about an enclosed space or a period of time: dans la classe, dans cinq minutes. Sur means 'on', sous 'under', devant 'in front of' and derrière 'behind'. Using these correctly helps you give directions and describe your room or town.

Dans 表示“在……里面”,侧重封闭空间或一段时间:dans la classe(在教室里)、dans cinq minutes(五分钟后)。Sur 意为“在……上面”,sous 意为“在……下面”,devant 意为“在……前面”,derrière 意为“在……后面”。正确使用它们能帮你指路并描述自己的房间或城镇。

Two other important prepositions are avec (with) and sans (without), simple but extremely frequent in spoken and written French.

另外两个重要的介词是 avec(和……一起)和 sans(没有),它们虽然简单,但在口语和书面语中使用频率极高。


9. Negation: ne...pas and Other Negatives | 否定结构

The basic negation structure wraps the conjugated verb with ne...pas. In the present tense, ne goes before the verb and pas after it: Je ne comprends pas (I don't understand). If the verb begins with a vowel or silent h, ne becomes n': Il n'aime pas le café.

基本否定结构用 ne...pas 包裹变位动词。现在时中,ne 放在动词前,pas 放在动词后:Je ne comprends pas(我不懂)。如果动词以元音或哑音 h 开头,ne 缩合为 n':Il n'aime pas le café。

Other negative expressions follow the same pattern, replacing pas: ne...jamais (never), ne...rien (nothing), ne...personne (nobody) and ne...plus (no longer). Example: Je ne mange jamais de viande (I never eat meat); Il n'y a personne (there is nobody). Notice that personne can also come after the verb in some constructions, but in the simple present it stays next to ne.

其他否定表达采用相同的结构,只需替换 pas:ne...jamais(从不)、ne...rien(没有什么)、ne...personne(没有人)和 ne...plus(不再)。例如:Je ne mange jamais de viande(我从不吃肉);Il n'y a personne(没有人)。注意 personne 在某些结构中可置于动词之后,但在简单现在时中它紧邻 ne。

When dealing with infinitives, ne pas often stays together before the infinitive: J'ai décidé de ne pas sortir (I decided not to go out). This is an advanced point but one worth noting as you push towards GCSE-style accuracy.

当涉及不定式时,ne pas 常一起放在不定式之前:J'ai décidé de ne pas sortir(我决定不出去)。这一点稍显高阶,但在向 GCSE 级别的准确性迈进时值得留意。


10. Themed Vocabulary: School and Family | 主题词汇:学校与家庭

School vocabulary dominates Year 9 topics: le collège (school), un emploi du temps (timetable), les matières (subjects) such as les maths, l'anglais, les sciences, la technologie and l'EPS (PE). You need to state opinions using j'aime, je n'aime pas, j'adore, je déteste along with reasons: parce que c'est intéressant / ennuyeux / difficile.

学校词汇在九年级话题中占据主导地位:le collège(中学)、un emploi du temps(课程表)、les matières(科目)如 les maths(数学)、l'anglais(英语)、les sciences(科学)、la technologie(技术)和 l'EPS(体育)。你需要用 j'aime、je n'aime pas、j'adore、je déteste 等表达看法,并给出理由:parce que c'est intéressant / ennuyeux / difficile。

Family and descriptions are equally central: ma mère (my mother), mon père (my father), mes frères et sœurs (my brothers and sisters). Physical and personality adjectives from previous sections are reused here: grand(e), petit(e), sportif/sportive, bavard(e) (talkative). The possessive adjectives mon, ma, mes (my), ton, ta, tes (your) and son, sa, ses (his/her) must agree with the noun they describe, not the owner's gender.

家庭和

Published by TutorHao | Year 9 法语 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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