📚 Year 9 WJEC Economics: Speaking and Listening Exam Preparation | 九年级 WJEC 经济：口语与听力备考专项
In Year 9 WJEC Economics, speaking and listening assessments are often used to evaluate your ability to communicate economic ideas clearly, listen critically, and engage in thoughtful discussion. This guide will help you build the skills and confidence needed to excel in these tasks, whether you are giving a presentation, participating in a debate, or analysing an audio clip.
在九年级 WJEC 经济课程中，口语与听力评估常被用来考查你清晰表达经济观点、批判性倾听和参与深入讨论的能力。本指南将帮助你培养这些任务所需的技巧与自信心，无论你是进行演讲、参与辩论还是分析一段音频材料。
1. Understanding the Speaking and Listening Format | 了解口语与听力评估形式
Your assessment may include an individual presentation on a topic like 'the impact of online shopping on local businesses'. You will need to speak for two to three minutes, using economic terms and examples.
你的评估可能包括一个关于“网购对本地商家的影响”等话题的个人陈述。你需要用经济学词汇和例子进行两到三分钟的发言。
Listening tasks often involve hearing a short news report or interview and then answering questions. You must listen for key economic concepts such as scarcity, choice, or opportunity cost.
听力任务通常是听一段短新闻或采访，然后回答问题。你必须捕捉关键经济概念，例如稀缺性、选择或机会成本。
Some sessions include a group discussion where you are marked on how well you listen and respond to others, not just on your own ideas.
有些环节还包括小组讨论，评分不仅看你的观点，更看你倾听和回应他人的能力。
2. Key Economic Topics to Revise | 需要复习的关键经济话题
Familiar topics in the WJEC Year 9 syllabus include needs vs wants, factors of production, and the basic economic problem. Being able to talk about these confidently is essential.
WJEC 九年级教学大纲中的常见话题包括需要与想要、生产要素，以及基本经济问题。能够自信地谈论这些内容至关重要。
You might also discuss personal finance concepts like budgeting, saving, and borrowing. Use real-life examples, such as how you would manage a monthly allowance.
你也可能会讨论个人理财概念，如预算、储蓄和借贷。使用现实生活中的例子，比如你如何管理每月的零花钱。
Supply and demand are central to many discussions. Practise explaining how a fall in supply can lead to higher prices with simple phrases like 'When supply falls, prices rise.'
供给与需求是许多讨论的核心。练习用简单的句理解释供给下降如何导致价格上升，比如“当供给下降时，价格上升”。
3. Building Your Economic Vocabulary | 积累经济学词汇
Having a wide range of terms at your disposal, such as 'opportunity cost', 'market', and 'inflation', allows you to express ideas more precisely. Create flashcards with definitions and example sentences.
掌握丰富的术语，如“机会成本”“市场”“通货膨胀”，能让你更精确地表达想法。制作包含定义和例句的抽认卡。
Use the table below to review some essential words. Try to use at least three of them in any speaking task.
使用下表中的必背词汇进行复习。在任何口语任务中都要争取至少使用其中三个。
| English Term | 中文术语 | Simple Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Scarcity | 稀缺性 | Limited resources vs unlimited wants |
| Opportunity cost | 机会成本 | The next best alternative given up |
| Demand | 需求 | How much consumers are willing and able to buy |
| Supply | 供给 | How much producers are willing and able to sell |
Listen for these words in audio sources. When you hear 'inflation', immediately think 'a general rise in prices', which will help you predict what the speaker might say next.
在音频资料中留意这些词汇。当你听到“通货膨胀”时，马上想到“物价普遍上涨”，这有助于你预测说话者接下来可能会说什么。
4. Structuring a Persuasive Argument | 构建有说服力的论证
A strong argument in economics starts with a clear point, followed by evidence and explanation. Use the PEEL structure: Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link back to the question.
经济学中有力的论证以清晰的观点开始，然后是证据和解释。使用 PEEL 结构：观点、证据、解释、回扣问题。
For instance, if you argue that 'the government should tax sugary drinks', state your point, mention a real-world example like the UK sugar tax, explain how it reduces consumption, and link it to improved public health.
例如，如果你论证“政府应该对含糖饮料征税”，先陈述观点，再引用英国糖税等现实案例，解释其如何减少消费，最后联系到公共健康的改善。
Practice by recording yourself on your phone making a one-minute argument. Listen back and check whether you included all four PEEL parts.
通过用手机录下一分钟的论证进行练习。回听时检查是否包括了 PEEL 中的全部四个部分。
5. Active Listening Strategies | 积极倾听策略
Active listening means not just hearing words but understanding the speaker's intent and identifying key information. Before you listen, read the questions so you know what to focus on.
积极倾听意味着不仅听到词语，还要理解说话者的意图并识别关键信息。在听之前，先阅读问题，这样你就知道该聚焦于哪些内容。
While listening, jot down short notes using abbreviations, such as 'opp cost' for opportunity cost or 'rev' for revenue. Don't try to write full sentences.
听的过程中用缩写做简短笔记，比如用“opp cost”表示机会成本，用“rev”表示收入。不要试图写完整的句子。
Listen for signposting phrases like 'firstly', 'on the other hand', or 'in conclusion'. These signal a change in direction and help you follow the argument.
注意听“首先”“另一方面”“总之”等指示性短语。它们标志着方向的变化，帮助你跟上论证的进程。
6. Analysing Economic Audio Sources | 分析经济类音频资料
You might be played a clip about a business closing down or a rise in fuel prices. As you listen, ask yourself: What is the main economic problem? Who is affected? What solutions are suggested?
你可能会听到一段关于企业倒闭或燃油价格上涨的音频。听的时候问自己：主要的经济问题是什么？谁受到影响？提出了什么解决方案？
Take the example of a news item on rising house prices. The economic concept is likely to be demand exceeding supply. Note how the reporter might mention 'first-time buyers struggling' as an impact.
以一则关于房价上涨的新闻为例，其中的经济概念很可能是需求超过供给。注意记者可能会将“首次购房者感到吃力”作为影响来提及。
After listening, summarise the clip in three bullet points: the issue, the cause, and the effect. This will prepare you for any short-answer questions that follow.
听完后，用三个要点概括音频内容：问题、原因和影响。这能让你为接下来的简答题做好准备。
7. Participating in Group Discussions | 参与小组讨论
In a group discussion, your marks depend on collaboration, not domination. Use phrases like 'I agree with what X said, and I'd like to add...' or 'That's an interesting point, but have you considered...?'
在小组讨论中，你的分数取决于合作而不是独占发言。使用诸如“我同意 X 的观点，我想补充……”或“这个观点很有趣，但你有没有考虑过……”等表达。
Always link your contribution to economic reasoning. For example, 'Raising the minimum wage could increase consumer spending, but it might also raise costs for small firms.'
务必将你的发言与经济推理联系起来。例如，“提高最低工资可能增加消费者支出，但也可能增加小企业的成本。”
Show that you are listening by nodding, maintaining eye contact, and referring back to what others have said. This demonstrates that you value different perspectives.
通过点头、保持眼神交流以及复述他人观点来表明你在倾听。这表明你重视不同的视角。
8. Delivering a Short Oral Presentation | 做一个简短的口头陈述
Start your presentation with a hook, such as a surprising statistic or a question. For a topic on 'plastic bag tax', you could begin: 'Did you know that a 5p charge reduced plastic bag use by over 80%?'
用吸引人的开场白开始你的演讲，比如一个令人惊讶的统计数据或一个问题。针对“塑料袋税”这个话题，你可以这样开始：“你知道吗，5便士的收费让塑料袋使用量减少了 80% 以上？”
Organise your content with clear signposts: 'I will first explain the problem, then present the policy, and finally discuss the outcomes.' This helps your audience follow your logic.
用清晰的指示语组织内容：“我将首先解释这个问题，然后介绍该政策，最后讨论结果。”这有助于听众跟随你的逻辑。
Use a visual aid, such as a simple diagram showing a demand curve shifting to the left, to make your explanation more engaging and easier to understand.
使用视觉辅助工具，例如一个显示需求曲线向左移动的简洁图表，让你的解释更具吸引力且更易于理解。
9. Responding to Questions Confidently | 自信地回答问题
After your presentation or during a discussion, you may face follow-up questions. Take a moment to breathe and think before answering. It's fine to say, 'That's a good question. Let me consider...'
在你的陈述之后或在讨论期间，你可能会遇到追问。在回答前先花一点时间呼吸和思考。完全可以这样说：“这是个好问题，让我想一想……”
If you don't know an answer, relate it to a similar concept you do know. For example, 'I'm not sure about the exact figure, but based on the principle of demand, I would expect...'
如果你不知道答案，可以将其联系到你所知道的类似概念上。例如，“我不确定确切的数据，但根据需求原理，我认为……”
Practice with a friend by taking turns to ask each other questions about common topics, such as 'What are the advantages and disadvantages of a cashless society?'
与朋友一起练习，就常见话题轮流提问，例如“无现金社会的利弊有哪些？”
10. Practice Makes Perfect: Mock Tasks | 熟能生巧：模拟任务
Simulate test conditions using sample tasks. Give yourself one minute to prepare a short talk on 'the economic impact of a new sports stadium', then speak for two minutes while recording.
使用模拟任务来仿照考试条件。给自己一分钟准备一个关于“新建体育场馆的经济影响”的简短演讲，然后边讲边录音两分钟。
For listening practice, ask a family member to read a short economic paragraph twice, then answer three questions you have prepared in advance. Compare your answers with the original text.
对于听力练习，请一位家人将一小段经济学文章读两遍，然后回答你事先准备的三个问题。将你的回答与原文进行对比。
Regular practice reduces anxiety. Try to complete at least two mock speaking tasks and two listening exercises each week in the month before your assessment.
定期练习可以减轻焦虑。在评估前的一个月里，争取每周完成至少两个模拟口语任务和两个听力练习。
Published by TutorHao | Economics Revision Series | aleveler.com
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