📚 Year 9 OCR Music: Quick Reference Formula & Theorem Handbook | 九年级OCR音乐:公式定理速查手册
This handbook is your go-to revision guide for all the key formulas, calculations, and theoretical rules in Year 9 OCR Music. From note values to intervals, scales to chord building, these essential 'theorems' will sharpen your analytical skills and boost your performance in assessments.
这本手册是你复习九年级OCR音乐课程所有关键公式、计算和理论规则的首选指南。从音符时值到音程,从音阶到和弦构建,这些基本的“定理”将磨炼你的分析能力,助你在测评中取得优异成绩。
1. Note Duration & Rhythm Formulas | 音符时值与节奏公式
Understanding how note durations relate to each other is fundamental. The table below shows the hierarchy of note values in common time (4/4).
理解音符时值之间的关系是基础。下表展示了常用拍号(4/4)中音符时值的层级关系。
| Note (English/中文) | Duration (beats) | Rest (English/中文) |
|---|---|---|
| Semibreve / 全音符 | 4 | Semibreve rest / 全休止符 |
| Minim / 二分音符 | 2 | Minim rest / 二分休止符 |
| Crotchet / 四分音符 | 1 | Crotchet rest / 四分休止符 |
| Quaver / 八分音符 | ½ | Quaver rest / 八分休止符 |
| Semiquaver / 十六分音符 | ¼ | Semiquaver rest / 十六分休止符 |
ed duration = original duration × 1.5. For example, a dotted crotchet = 1 + ½ = 1.5 beats.
附点音符时值在原有时值上增加一半。公式:附点音符时值 = 原有音符时值 × 1.5。例如,附点四分音符 = 1 + ½ = 1.5拍。
Triplets divide a beat into three equal parts, where normally there are two. The formula: a triplet group takes the same total time as two regular notes of the same value. For instance, a quaver triplet (three eighth notes under a bracket with '3') is played in the time of two regular quavers.
三连音将一个拍子均分为三部分,而通常是两份。公式:三连音组的总时值等于两个相同音符的正常时值。例如,八分音符三连音(三个八分音符下方带“3”)的时值相当于两个普通八分音符。
2. Time Signatures: Interpretation & Formula | 拍号:解读与公式
ents one beat. The formula: bottom number = 4 for crotchet, 8 for quaver, 2 for minim, etc.
拍号由两个数字组成。上方数字表示每小节有多少拍,下方数字表示以何种音符为一拍。公式:下方数字4代表四分音符,8代表八分音符,2代表二分音符等。
d crotchet beats per bar. To calculate the beat unit in compound time, use the formula: beat unit = dotted note equivalent. 6/8 = 2 dotted crotchets; 9/8 = 3 dotted crotchets; 12/8 = 4 dotted crotchets.
在单拍子中,每拍可分为两个均等音符。在复拍子中,每拍可分为三个。例如,6/8是复二拍:每小节两个附点四分音符拍。计算复拍子拍单位时,使用公式:拍单位 = 相应的附点音符。6/8 = 2个附点四分音符;9/8 = 3个附点四分音符;12/8 = 4个附点四分音符。
3. Interval Calculation: Semitone Counting | 音程计算:半音计数
An interval is the distance between two notes. The number (degree) is determined by counting letter names. The quality (major, minor, perfect, etc.) depends on the number of semitones. Use the semitone table below as a quick reference.
音程是两个音之间的距离。度数通过数音名字母确定。音程性质(大、小、纯等)取决于半音数量。请使用下面的半音速查表。
| Interval (English/中文) | Semitones (半音数) |
|---|---|
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