📚 Year 9 AQA Maths: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Reference Guide | Year 9 AQA 数学：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering mathematical vocabulary is essential for success in Year 9 AQA Maths. Clear understanding of key terms helps you follow problems, communicate reasoning, and avoid common mistakes. This guide provides concise bilingual definitions to help you memorise and recall essential terminology across all topics.
掌握数学词汇对于 Year 9 AQA 数学的成功至关重要。清晰理解关键术语有助于你理解题目、表达推理过程并避免常见错误。本指南提供简洁的双语定义，帮助你记忆和回顾所有主题的核心术语。
1. Number Basics | 数字基础
Number terminology forms the foundation of all mathematical work. You will encounter integers, factors, primes, and powers regularly.
数字术语是所有数学工作的基础。你会经常遇到整数、因数、质数和幂。
| English Term & Definition | 中文术语及定义 |
|---|---|
| Integer: A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero. E.g., -3, 0, 7. | 整数：可以为正、负或零的整数。例如：-3, 0, 7。 |
| Natural number: A positive integer, usually starting from 1. E.g., 1, 2, 3, ... | 自然数：正整数，通常从1开始。例如：1, 2, 3, ... |
| Rational number: Any number that can be written as a fraction a/b where a and b are integers and b ≠ 0. E.g., 1/2, -4, 0.75. | 有理数：任何可以写成分数 a/b 形式的数，其中 a 和 b 是整数，b ≠ 0。例如：1/2, -4, 0.75。 |
| Prime number: A whole number greater than 1 with exactly two factors, 1 and itself. E.g., 2, 3, 5, 7. | 质数：大于1的整数，恰好只有两个因数（1和自身）。例如：2, 3, 5, 7。 |
| Composite number: A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors. E.g., 4, 6, 8. | 合数：大于1的整数，其因数多于两个。例如：4, 6, 8。 |
| Factor: A number that divides another number exactly, without a remainder. E.g., factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. | 因数：能整除另一个数且无余数的数。例如：12的因数有1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12。 |
| Multiple: The product of a number and any integer. E.g., multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, ... | 倍数：某个数乘以任意整数所得到的积。例如：3的倍数有3, 6, 9, 12, ... |
| Highest Common Factor (HCF): The largest factor shared by two or more numbers. E.g., HCF of 24 and 36 is 12. | 最大公因数 (HCF)：两个或多个数共有的最大因数。例如：24和36的HCF是12。 |
| Lowest Common Multiple (LCM): The smallest multiple shared by two or more numbers. E.g., LCM of 4 and 6 is 12. | 最小公倍数 (LCM)：两个或多个数共有的最小倍数。例如：4和6的LCM是12。 |
| Square number: The result of multiplying a number by itself. E.g., 3 × 3 = 9, so 9 is a square number. | 平方数：一个数自乘的结果。例如：3 × 3 = 9，所以9是平方数。 |
| Cube number esult of multiplying a number by itself twice. E.g., 2 × 2 × 2 = 8, so 8 is a cube number. | 立方数：一个数自乘两次的结果。例如：2 × 2 × 2 = 8，所以8是立方数。 |
| Square root (√): A value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. E.g., √25 = 5. | 平方根 (√)：一个数，当自乘时得到原数。例如：√25 = 5。 |
2. Fractions, Decimals & Percentages | 分数、小数与百分数
Fractions, decimals and percentages are three equivalent ways to represent parts of a whole. Being fluent in converting between them is vital.
分数、小数和百分数是表示整体部分的三种等价形式。熟练地在它们之间进行转换至关重要。
| English Term & Definition | 中文术语及定义 |
|---|---|
| Fraction: A number written as a/b, where a is the numerator and b is the denominator, b ≠ 0. | 分数：写作 a/b 的数，其中 a 是分子，b 是分母，b ≠ 0。 |
| Numerator: The top part of a fraction, showing how many parts we have. | 分子：分数上方的部分，表示我们拥有多少份。 |
| Denominator: The bottom part of a fraction, showing the total number of equal parts. | 分母：分数下方的部分，表示整体被分成的等份总数。 |
| Proper fraction: A fraction where the numerator is less than the denominator. E.g., 3/5. | 真分数：分子小于分母的分数。例如：3/5。 |
| Improper fraction: A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. E.g., 7/4. | 假分数：分子大于或等于分母的分数。例如：7/4。 |
| Mixed number: A whole number combined with a proper fraction. E.g., 2 1/3. | 带分数：由一个整数和一个真分数组成的数。例如：2 1/3。 |
| Equivalent fractions: Fractions that represent the same value. E.g., 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6. | 等价分数：表示相同数值的分数。例如：1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6。 |
| Simplify (reduce): To write a fraction in its lowest terms by dividing numerator and denominator by their HCF. | 化简：通过将分子和分母除以它们的HCF，将分数写成最简形式。 |
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