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Year 8 CCEA German: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | CCEA 德语八年级暑期预习与衔接课程

2026-07-18 01:29 · 本文部分内容由AI辅助创作

📚 Year 8 CCEA German: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | CCEA 德语八年级暑期预习与衔接课程

Moving from Year 7 to Year 8 in German means building on the basics and getting ready for more varied conversations, grammar points and cultural topics. This bridging course recaps the key content from Year 7 and introduces the patterns you will meet in Year 8 under the CCEA curriculum for Northern Ireland. Working through this article during the summer will help you feel confident, prepared and excited to continue your German learning journey.

从七年级升入八年级的德语学习意味着要在基础之上更进一步,为更多样化的对话、语法点和文化话题做好准备。这份衔接课程回顾了七年级的核心内容,并引入了你在北爱尔兰 CCEA 课程框架下八年级将会接触到的语言模式。在暑假期间阅读并练习这篇文章,将帮助你建立信心、做好准备,并带着期待继续你的德语学习之旅。

1. Greetings and Self-Introduction | 问候与自我介绍

In Year 7 you learned how to greet people, say your name and ask how someone is. For Year 8, it is important to extend these exchanges and to use formal and informal language in the right situations. You also need to be able to spell your name and give a little extra information, such as where you live or how old you are.

在七年级你已经学会了如何问候他人、说出自己的名字以及询问对方近况。到了八年级,你需要扩展这些对话内容,并能在合适的场合区分正式与非正式用语。你还应该能够拼读自己的名字,并给出一些额外信息,例如你住在哪里或你的年龄。

Practise introducing yourself aloud, adding where you live: 'Ich wohne in Belfast.' Try a short dialogue: greet a friend, ask their name and how they are, then say goodbye – 'Tschüss!' or 'Auf Wiedersehen!'

大声练习自我介绍,并加上居住地:‘Ich wohne in Belfast.’ 尝试一段简短对话:和朋友打招呼,询问名字和近况,然后说再见——‘Tschüss!’ 或者 ‘Auf Wiedersehen!’


2. Numbers and Age | 数字与年龄

Numbers are essential for giving your age, telling the time and talking about dates. In Year 7 you probably counted to 20 or 31. For Year 8 you will need numbers up to 100 and beyond, as well as ordinals for dates. Make sure you can recognise numbers when you hear them and write them correctly.

数字对于说明年龄、表达时间和谈论日期至关重要。在七年级你可能已经学会了数到 20 或 31。到了八年级,你需要掌握数字直到 100 及以上,以及表示日期的序数词。要确保自己能听辨数字并正确书写。

0 null, 1 eins, 2 zwei, 3 drei, 4 vier, 5 fünf, 6 sechs, 7 sieben, 8 acht, 9 neun, 10 zehn

11 elf, 12 zwölf, 13 dreizehn, 14 vierzehn, 15 fünfzehn, 16 sechzehn, 17 siebzehn, 18 achtzehn, 19 neunzehn, 20 zwanzig

From 21 onwards, German forms numbers by saying the unit before the tens, joined by 'und': 21 = einundzwanzig, 35 = fünfunddreißig, 48 = achtundvierzig. Practise with your own age: 'Ich bin zwölf Jahre alt.' (I am twelve years old.) Year 8 topics often ask for your birthday – 'Ich habe am fünften Mai Geburtstag.'

从 21 开始,德语数字先说个位再说十位,并用 ‘und’ 连接:21 = einundzwanzig, 35 = fünfunddreißig, 48 = achtundvierzig。用你自己的年龄来练习:‘Ich bin zwölf Jahre alt.’ (我十二岁。)八年级的话题经常会问到生日——‘Ich habe am fünften Mai Geburtstag.’


3. Colours and Adjectives | 颜色与形容词

Describing things with colours and simple adjectives makes your German more interesting. In Year 7 you met basic colours; now you need to use them before nouns and think about endings. You will also learn to use adjectives with 'sein' (to be) and 'es ist' (it is).

用颜色和简单的形容词来描述事物会让你的德语更加生动。七年级你已经接触了基本颜色;现在你需要把它们用在名词前,并考虑词尾变化。你还将学习用 ‘sein’ (是) 和 ‘es ist’ (它是) 来使用形容词。

Colour | 颜色 German | 德语
redrot
blueblau
greengrün
yellowgelb
blackschwarz
whiteweiß
brownbraun
purplelila

When you use a colour before a noun, it often adds an ending, but you can start simply with 'ein rotes T-Shirt' (a red T‑shirt) or 'der blaue Stift' (the blue pen). For now, focus on 'Das ist blau.' (That is blue.) and 'Ich habe ein grünes Fahrrad.' (I have a green bike.) Build your vocabulary with other adjectives: groß (big), klein (small), neu (new), alt (old).

当你把颜色用在一个名词前时,通常会加上词尾,但你可以从简单的例子开始:‘ein rotes T‑Shirt’(一件红色 T 恤)或 ‘der blaue Stift’(那支蓝色的笔)。目前先专注于 ‘Das ist blau.’(那是蓝色的)和 ‘Ich habe ein grünes Fahrrad.’(我有一辆绿色自行车)。用其他形容词来扩充词汇量:groß(大的),klein(小的),neu(新的),alt(旧的)。


4. Family and Pets | 家庭与宠物

Talking about your family is one of the most common topics in Year 8. You will describe family members, give their names and ages, and perhaps say what pets you have. Possessive adjectives like 'mein' (my) and 'dein' (your) become very useful here.

谈论家庭是八年级最常见的话题之一。你要描述家庭成员,说出他们的名字和年龄,或许还会聊到你有什么宠物。像 ‘mein’(我的)和 ‘dein’(你的)这类物主形容词在这里变得非常实用。

Practise sentences like 'Meine Mutter heißt Sarah. Sie ist fünfunddreißig Jahre alt.' (My mother is called Sarah. She is 35 years old.) And for pets: 'Ich habe einen Hund. Er ist braun und klein.' (I have a dog. It is brown and small.) Remember that 'mein' changes depending on the gender of the noun: mein Vater, meine Mutter, mein Haustier.

练习以下句子:‘Meine Mutter heißt Sarah. Sie ist fünfunddreißig Jahre alt.’ (我的妈妈叫 Sarah。她 35 岁。)还有关于宠物的:‘Ich habe einen Hund. Er ist braun und klein.’ (我有一只狗。它是棕色的,小小的。)记住 ‘mein’ 要根据名词的性发生变化:mein Vater, meine Mutter, mein Haustier。


5. School Subjects and Stationery | 学校科目与文具

The classroom is a natural setting for Year 8 German. You will talk about your timetable, favourite subjects and what is in your pencil case. This topic brings together nouns, opinions and the verb 'haben' (to have).

教室是八年级德语中很自然的场景。你会谈论你的课程表、最喜欢的科目以及你铅笔盒里有什么。这个话题汇集了名词、表达看法的短语和动词 ‘haben’(有)。

Key school subjects:

关键学校科目:

Stationery items: der Bleistift (pencil), der Kuli (pen), das Heft (exercise book), das Lineal (ruler), die Schere (scissors). Use 'Ich habe...' to say what you have and 'Mein Lieblingsfach ist...' for your favourite subject: 'Mein Lieblingsfach ist Kunst, weil es kreativ ist.' (My favourite subject is Art because it is creative.)

文具物品:der Bleistift(铅笔),der Kuli(圆珠笔),das Heft(练习本),das Lineal(尺子),die Schere(剪刀)。用 ‘Ich habe...’ 来说明你有什么,用 ‘Mein Lieblingsfach ist...’ 来表达你最喜欢的科目:‘Mein Lieblingsfach ist Kunst, weil es kreativ ist.’(我最喜欢的科目是艺术,因为它富有创意。)


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6. Likes and Dislikes | 喜欢与不喜欢

Expressing opinions is central to Year 8 speaking and writing. You need to go beyond 'Ich mag' (I like) and 'Ich mag nicht' (I don't like) to give reasons and to talk about hobbies, food and free time.

表达个人看法是八年级口语和写作的核心。你需要超越 ‘Ich mag’(我喜欢)和 ‘Ich mag nicht’(我不喜欢),给出理由并谈论爱好、食物和课余时间。

Useful phrases:

实用短语:

In Year 8 you will learn to connect opinions with 'weil' (because), which sends the verb to the end of the clause. Start practising: 'Ich mag Tennis, weil es schnell ist.' (I like tennis because it is fast.) Be careful to put the verb at the end after 'weil'.

到了八年级你会学着用 ‘weil’(因为)来连接观点,这时动词要放到从句末尾。现在就开始练习:‘Ich mag Tennis, weil es schnell ist.’(我喜欢网球,因为它速度快。)注意动词在 ‘weil’ 后面要放到句末。


7. The Verbs 'haben' and 'sein' | 动词 ‘haben’ 和 ‘sein’

'haben' (to have) and 'sein' (to be) are the two most important verbs in German. They are irregular and you must know their forms by heart. You will use 'haben' to talk about possessions, age and in the past tense later on; 'sein' describes people, places and states.

‘haben’(有)和 ‘sein’(是)是德语中最重要的两个动词。它们是不规则变化动词,你必须熟记其形式。你以后会用 ‘haben’ 来谈论所有物、年龄以及过去时态;而 ‘sein’ 则用来描述人、地点和状态。

haben: ich habe, du hast, er/sie/es hat, wir haben, ihr habt, sie/Sie haben

sein: ich bin, du bist, er/sie/es ist, wir sind, ihr seid, sie/Sie sind

Build simple sentences: 'Ich habe eine Schwester.' (I have a sister.) 'Du hast ein neues Handy.' (You have a new mobile phone.) 'Wir sind in der Schule.' (We are at school.) 'Seid ihr müde?' (Are you tired?) Notice the du-form for each: 'du hast' and 'du bist'. Spelling them correctly is often tested in Year 8 assessments.

造一些简单句子:‘Ich habe eine Schwester.’(我有一个姐姐。)‘Du hast ein neues Handy.’(你有一部新手机。)‘Wir sind in der Schule.’(我们在学校。)‘Seid ihr müde?’(你们累了吗?)注意每一种的 du 形式:‘du hast’ 和 ‘du bist’。它们的拼写在八年级考试中经常会考查。


8. Present Tense Regular Verbs | 现在时规则动词变位

Year 8 expands the range of verbs you can use. After learning the pattern for regular verbs, you can describe daily routines, free-time activities and much more. The infinitive ends in -en or -n; you remove this and add endings.

八年级会扩展你能使用的动词范围。学会规则动词的变化模式后,你就能描述日常活动、课余爱好等等。动词不定式以 -en 或 -n 结尾;去掉这些词尾,然后加上相应的人称词尾。

Example: spielen – to play

例子:spielen – 玩

Other useful regular verbs: wohnen (to live), lernen (to learn), hören (to listen), kaufen (to buy), machen (to make/do). Write five sentences about your week: 'Ich spiele am Montag Fußball.' (I play football on Monday.) 'Meine Schwester lernt Deutsch.' (My sister learns German.)

其他有用的规则动词:wohnen(居住),lernen(学习),hören(听),kaufen(购买),machen(做)。写五个关于你一周的句子:‘Ich spiele am Montag Fußball.’(我周一踢足球。)‘Meine Schwester lernt Deutsch.’(我的姐姐学习德语。)


9. Telling Time and Dates | 表达时间与日期

Talking about your daily timetable and making plans requires telling the time and saying dates. In Year 8 you will learn both the informal and official ways of telling the time, and you will practise birthday and festival dates.

讨论你的日常时间表和制定计划都需要说出时间和日期。在八年级你会学到非正式和官方两种报时方式,并练习生日和节日日期。

Informal: Es ist Viertel nach acht. (It is quarter past eight.) Es ist halb zehn. (It is half past nine – literally half to ten.) Official: Es ist acht Uhr fünfzehn. (It is 8:15.) Es ist neun Uhr dreißig. (9:30.)

非正式表达:‘Es ist Viertel nach acht.’ (八点一刻。)‘Es ist halb zehn.’ (九点半——字面意思是十点差一半。)官方表达:‘Es ist acht Uhr fünfzehn.’ (八点十五分。)‘Es ist neun Uhr dreißig.’ (九点三十分。)

Dates use ordinal numbers: der erste Januar, der zweite Februar, der dritte März... 'Heute ist der siebte Juli.' (Today is the 7th of July.) Learn the question 'Wann hast du Geburtstag?' (When is your birthday?) and answer with 'am + ordinal + month': 'Ich habe am elften September Geburtstag.'

日期使用序数词:der erste Januar, der zweite Februar, der dritte März…… ‘Heute ist der siebte Juli.’(今天是七月七号。)学习提问 ‘Wann hast du Geburtstag?’(你的生日是什么时候?)并用 ‘am + 序数词 + 月份’ 来回答:‘Ich habe am elften September Geburtstag.’


10. Simple Questions and Conversations | 简单问答与对话

Being able to ask and answer questions is the key to real communication. In Year 8 you will take part in short role plays and interviews. Question words like wo (where), wann (when), warum (why), wie (how) and was (what) are essential.

能够提问和回答问题是实现真正交流的关键。在八年级你将参与简短的角色扮演和采访。像 wo(哪里)、wann(何时)、warum(为什么)、wie(如何)和 was(什么)这样的疑问词至关重要。

Practise a mini dialogue with a partner or in front of a mirror. Ask at least three questions and give honest answers. Remember to swap roles. The more you speak aloud, the easier it becomes to think in German without translating every word.

和一个同伴或在镜子前练习一段微型对话。提出至少三个问题并给出真实的回答。记得互换角色。你说得越多,就越容易用德语思考,而不用逐字翻译。


11. The Definite and Indefinite Articles | 定冠词和不定冠词

In German, the word for 'the' changes depending on the gender of the noun (der, die, das) and its case. Year 8 consolidates the nominative case – the one used for the subject of a sentence – so you can confidently describe people and objects. 'a' or 'an' also has different forms: ein, eine, ein.

在德语中,‘the’ 这个词会根据名词的性(der, die, das)以及格的不同而变化。八年级会巩固第一格(主格)的用法——也就是用于句子主语的那个格——这样你就能自信地描述人和事物。‘a’ 或 ‘an’ 也有不同形式:ein, eine, ein。

Definite articles: der (masculine), die (feminine), das (neuter), die (plural). Example: der Tisch (the table), die Lampe (the lamp), das Buch (the book), die Bücher (the books). Indefinite articles: ein Tisch, eine Lampe, ein Buch. There is no indefinite article in the plural: Tische (tables).

定冠词:der(阳性),die(阴性),das(中性),die(复数)。例子:der Tisch(桌子),die Lampe(灯),das Buch(书),die Bücher(这些书)。不定冠词:ein Tisch,eine Lampe,ein Buch。复数没有不定冠词:Tische(桌子们)。

Learn the gender together with the noun – 'der Apfel, die Banane, das Brot'. Colours help: try writing masculine nouns in blue, feminine in red, neuter in green. This visual trick makes the patterns stick.

学习名词时连同它的性别一起记——‘der Apfel, die Banane, das Brot’。颜色能帮忙:试着用蓝色写阳性名词,红色写阴性名词,绿色写中性名词。这个视觉技巧能让规则更容易记住。


12. Cultural Focus: German-Speaking Countries | 文化聚焦:德语国家

CCEA encourages you to learn about the cultures where German is spoken. Knowing a few facts about Germany, Austria and Switzerland makes the language more meaningful and supports classroom projects. Year 8 often includes geographical and everyday-life topics.

CCEA 鼓励你了解使用德语的国家的文化。了解一些关于德国、奥地利和瑞士的知识会让语言更有意义,也能辅助课堂项目。八年级通常包含地理和日常生活类话题。

Try to discover a simple tradition or festival, like Oktoberfest (Germany) or Nikolaus on 6 December. Preparing one short cultural fact in German, such as 'In Deutschland essen die Leute gern Bratwurst und Sauerkraut.', will impress your teacher and help you feel connected to the language.

试着去了解一项简单的传统或节日,例如 Oktoberfest(慕尼黑啤酒节,德国),或者 12 月 6 日的 Nikolaus(圣尼古拉斯节)。准备一个简短的德语文化知识,比如 ‘In Deutschland essen die Leute gern Bratwurst und Sauerkraut.’(在德国人们喜欢吃烤香肠和酸菜),这会让你的老师眼前一亮,也让你感觉与这门语言更加贴近。

Published by TutorHao | German Revision Series | aleveler.com

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