📚 600 English Phrases Students in Years 1-9 Should Master at Leighton Park School | Leighton Park School 覆盖1-9年级，孩子应该掌握的600个英语短语都在这里
During English learning, command of phrases and fixed collocations often decides whether expression is idiomatic and fluent, and this is exactly the key contradiction for many students who, despite having a decent vocabulary, still feel that their expression is stiff.
在英语学习期间，短语以及固定搭配的掌控水准，常常决断着表达是不是地道且流畅，这同样是好多学生就算词汇量不算少却仍旧感觉表达生硬的关键矛盾之处。
For a learner moving through Years 1 to 9 - the stage at which many families also begin looking at UK independent schools such as Leighton Park School in Reading - roughly 600 high-frequency phrases form the working skeleton of everyday and academic English. This article keeps the original framework and expands it into a complete, graded revision guide.
对于从1年级读到9年级的学习者来说——这一阶段许多家庭也开始关注如雷丁的 Leighton Park School 这样的英国私立学校——大约600个高频短语构成了日常英语与学术英语的工作骨架。本文保留原有框架，并将其扩写为一份完整的分级复习指南。
1. Why Phrases, Not Words Alone, Decide Fluency | 为什么短语而非单纯词汇决定流利度
A word is a unit of meaning; a phrase is a unit of use. Students who know 'take' and 'place' separately may still fail to produce 'take place' when describing an event, because knowing two words is not the same as knowing one collocation.
单词是意义单位，短语是使用单位。分别认识 take 和 place 的学生，在描述事件时仍可能写不出 take place，因为认识两个词并不等于掌握一个搭配。
The gap shows up most clearly in writing. 'The meeting will take place on Monday' sounds natural; 'The meeting will hold place on Monday' collapses entirely; 'The meeting will happen on Monday' is grammatical but noticeably flatter. Only the first sounds like an English speaker.
这一差距在写作中最明显。The meeting will take place on Monday 听起来自然；The meeting will hold place on Monday 则完全崩塌；The meeting will happen on Monday 语法没错，但明显更平淡。只有第一句才像英语母语者写出来的句子。
Phrase knowledge also saves processing time. Fluent speakers do not assemble sentences word by word; they retrieve ready-made chunks such as 'make progress' or 'look forward to' as single items, which is why their speech sounds smooth rather than assembled.
短语知识还能节省处理时间。流利的说话者不会逐词拼装句子，而是把 make progress 或 look forward to 这样的现成组块当作一个整体来提取，这正是他们说话听起来顺滑而非拼凑的原因。
2. The Core Function of Basic Verb Phrases | 基础动词短语的核心作用
Basic verbs such as take, make, do and have combine with prepositions or with nouns to form a large set of high-frequency phrases. These phrases make up the core skeleton of English expression, and their meaning often cannot be derived directly from the literal words.
英语里像 take、make、do、have 这样的基础动词，与介词相接或跟名词相结合后，组成不少高频短语。有大量能构成英语表达核心骨架的短语，其意义常常没办法依据字面直接推导出来。
'take place' means 'to happen', and 'take turns' means 'to do something one after another in order'. Both belong to the basic layer used to describe events and sequence - the layer that appears in almost every narrative paragraph a Year 4 to Year 9 student writes.
比如说 take place 意指发生，take turns 意思是轮流，这些属于描述事件与顺序的基础层面的表达，也是4到9年级学生几乎每写一段记叙文都会用到的层面。
A parallel group begins with make. 'make friends with' is used to build interpersonal relationships, while 'make progress' means to achieve improvement. These phrases appear frequently in narrative writing and in everyday conversation; using them accurately brings the language closer to the habits of native speakers and helps avoid Chinglish traps.
有一组以 make 开头的短语，像 make friends with，用它来建立人际关系，还有 make progress，它表示取得进展。这些短语在记叙文里频繁出现，在日常对话当中也频繁出现，准确去用能让语言更贴合英语母语者那种习惯，避免中式英语的表达方面的误区产生。
| Phrase | 短语 | Meaning | 含义 | Typical context | 典型语境 |
| take place | 发生 | 事件、活动安排 |
| take turns | 轮流 | 顺序、游戏规则 |
| take part in | 参加 | 比赛、社团活动 |
| make friends with | 与……交朋友 | 人际关系 |
| make progress | 取得进步 | 学习、训练 |
| make sure | 确保 | 检查、叮嘱 |
3. do and have: Verb + Noun Collocations in Daily Use | do 与 have：动词加名词搭配的实际应用
Phrases led by do are mostly connected with daily activities and personal states. 'do the dishes' refers specifically to washing up, and 'do well in' describes performing very well in some area. Phrases led by have are likewise connected with daily activities and personal states. This kind of phrase links an ordinary verb to a concrete noun, forming an expression that everyone recognises and accepts.
以 do 引导的短语，多跟日常活动以及个人状态有关联，do the dishes 专门指的是洗碗碟，do well in 用来描绘在某方面展现得极为出色。以 have 引导的短语，同样多与日常活动和个人状态相关联。这类短语把普通动词和具体名词关联起来，从而形成了大家都习惯且认可的表达方式。
Structures such as 'have a try' and 'have a rest' show the common English pattern 'have a + noun' used to express a short action. These phrases are both concise and practical; they are indispensable when encouraging someone or describing brief actions such as resting or taking a look, and they are a key part of improving spoken fluency.
结构如 have a try、have a rest 等，展现出英语里 have a + 名词用以表示短暂动作的常见样式，这些短语既简明又实用，在激励他人之际，或者描绘诸如休息、查看等瞬时动作之时，是绝对不可缺少的，是助力口语流利程度提升的关键部分。
have a + 名词 → 一次短暂动作（have a look / have a try / have a rest / have a chat）
- do the dishes 洗碗碟 / do the laundry 洗衣服 / do homework 做作业
- do well in 在……做得好 / do one's best 尽力 / do harm to 对……有害
- have a try 试一次 / have a rest 休息一下 / have a look 看一眼 / have a drink 喝一杯
- have fun 玩得开心 / have trouble (in) doing 做……有困难 / have no idea 不知道
4. Prepositional Collocations: Logic and Function | 介词搭配的逻辑与功能
Phrases such as 'according to' and 'agree with' show the key function of prepositions when expressing the source of an opinion and one's attitude. Such collocations are strongly logical; they are essential language tools for argument and discussion, and misusing them makes the meaning vague.
源于 according to 以及 agree with 这般的短语，呈现出介词于表述观点源头和态度之际的关键功用，此类搭配具备很强逻辑性，属于开展说理与论述之时务必掌握的语言工具，要是错误运用将会致使语义模糊不清。
'believe in' emphasises trust in inner qualities, and 'care about' expresses concern. Phrases in this group belong to the expression of emotion and attitude; they not only convey precise nuances in interpersonal communication but also form a key lexical foundation for emotional description and the statement of opinion.
先来看 believe in，它着重强调的是对内在品质的信任这一项内容，再看 care about，它所表达的意思是关心这一情况，像这样的一些短语它们是涉及情感与态度表达的范畴的，它们不但能够精确传递人际交往里的细微差别这一状况，而且还是完成情感描述以及观点陈述的关键词汇基础这一特性的内容。
| Phrase | 短语 | Function | 功能 |
| according to | 引出信息来源 |
| agree with (sb / an idea) | 表达赞同态度 |
| believe in | 对内在品质的信任 |
| care about | 表达关心与在意 |
| instead of / because of | 替代与因果 |
5. Handling and Coping Phrases: deal with and focus on | 处理与应对类短语解析
'deal with', which ranges from handling concrete matters to coping with abstract problems, and 'focus on', which states clearly where attention is concentrated, both belong to the handling-and-attention category and are frequently used when discussing problem solving and attention management.
与处理具体事务到应对抽象难题这类关联的 deal with，专就指向注意力集中点表定明晰的 focus on 来说，归属应对对应且需专注的类别短语范畴，于针对问题解决以及注意力管理展开研讨之际为经常会被运用到的类型。
The former ranges from dealing with matters that have a physical, practical shape all the way to coping with difficulties of an abstract nature; the latter explicitly points to the specific point at which attention is focused.
前者所适用的范围是从处理具有实际形态内涵的事务一直延伸到应对带有抽象性质特征的难题，后者明确地将重点指向在注意力所聚集的那个具体的点上。
In practice: 'Year 8 students learn to deal with exam pressure, while Year 9 students focus on the writing task itself.' One phrase handles the problem, the other directs the energy.
放到实际句子里：Year 8 学生学着 deal with 考试压力，而 Year 9 学生则 focus on 写作任务本身。一个短语处理问题，另一个短语调度精力。
6. depend on and insist on: Conditions, Causes and Principles | 依赖与坚持：条件、原因与个人原则
'depend on' is needed when expressing dependence, and 'insist on' when stressing persistence. Both phrases are used to state relationships and stances. In contexts such as explaining conditions, causes or personal principles, they are irreplaceable and form an important part of logical expression.
表达依赖性时要用到 depend on，强调坚持则需用 insist on。那这两个短语，都系用于阐述关系同立场。当你在比如说说明条件、原因或者个人原则这样的语境里头，它们具有不可替代的性质，而且是逻辑表达的重要组成部分。
Watch the grammar. Both are followed by a noun, a pronoun or a gerund, so 'insist on doing' is correct while 'insist on to do' is not; equally, 'depend on it' is right and 'depend on to do' fails.
要注意语法。两者后面都接名词、代词或动名词，因此 insist on doing 正确，insist on to do 错误；同理，depend on it 正确，depend on to do 不成立。
Useful patterns: 'It depends on the weather.' / 'Whether we go out depends on the time.' / 'She insists on checking her answers twice.' Each one states a condition or a principle in a single, compact unit.
常见句型：It depends on the weather. / Whether we go out depends on the time. / She insists on checking her answers twice. 每一句都用紧凑的短语单位陈述了条件或原则。
7. Sensory and Cognitive Verbs: The Extended Meanings of look | 感官与思维动词的延伸含义
The look family vividly shows how sensory verbs extend
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