📚 Year 8 CIE French Core Knowledge Review | Year 8 CIE 法语核心知识点梳理
This article provides a comprehensive review of the core knowledge for Year 8 CIE French, covering essential vocabulary and grammar topics that form the foundation of the Key Stage 3 curriculum. Students will learn how to introduce themselves, talk about their daily lives, and use basic French structures accurately.
本文对 Year 8 CIE 法语的核心知识点进行全面梳理,涵盖构成 Key Stage 3 课程基础的关键词汇和语法主题。学生将学会如何自我介绍、描述日常生活,并准确运用基础法语句型。
1. Greetings and Introductions | 问候与自我介绍
Learning to greet others and introduce yourself is the first step in French. Common greetings include 'Bonjour' (Hello/Good day), 'Salut' (Hi), 'Bonsoir' (Good evening), and 'Au revoir' (Goodbye). To ask someone's name, you use 'Comment tu t'appelles?' (informal) or 'Comment vous appelez-vous?' (formal). The reply is 'Je m'appelle...' (My name is...). You can also state your age by saying 'J'ai douze ans' (I am twelve years old), where 'avoir' (to have) is used rather than 'to be'. Where you live is expressed with 'J'habite a Londres' (I live in London). Nationality uses 'etre' + adjective: 'Je suis anglais(e)' (I am English) or 'Je suis francais(e)', with an extra 'e' for feminine.
学习用法语问候和自我介绍是第一步。常用问候语包括 “Bonjour”(你好/日安)、“Salut”(嗨)、“Bonsoir”(晚上好)和 “Au revoir”(再见)。询问姓名时,可以说 “Comment tu t'appelles?”(非正式)或 “Comment vous appelez-vous?”(正式)。回答是 “Je m'appelle...”(我叫……)。年龄用 “J'ai douze ans”(我十二岁),这里使用动词 “avoir”(有)而非 “etre”(是)。居住地用 “J'habite a Londres”(我住在伦敦)。国籍用 “etre” 加形容词:“Je suis anglais(e)”(我是英国人)或 “Je suis francais(e)”,阴性形式需加 “e”。
When meeting someone, it is polite to add 'Enchante(e)' (Pleased to meet you). The distinction between 'tu' (informal 'you') and 'vous' (formal 'you' or plural 'you') is crucial. Use 'tu' with friends, family members and other children; use 'vous' with adults you do not know well, teachers and in formal situations, as well as when addressing more than one person. The question 'Ca va?' (How are you?) and answers like 'Ca va bien, merci' help keep conversations flowing.
见面时,加上 “Enchante(e)”(很高兴认识您)会显得更礼貌。“tu”(非正式的 “你”)和 “vous”(正式的 “您” 或复数 “你们”)的区分至关重要。对朋友、家人和孩子使用 “tu”;对不太熟悉的成年人、老师以及正式场合使用 “vous”,对一群人也要用 “vous”。用 “Ca va?”(你好吗?)提问,回答如 “Ca va bien, merci”(很好,谢谢),有助于对话顺畅进行。
2. Numbers, Dates and Time | 数字、日期与时间
Numbers from 0 to 31 are essential for telling age, dates, time and prices. Here are the key numbers:
数字 0 到 31 对于表达年龄、日期、时间和价格至关重要。以下是关键数字:
| Number | French |
|---|---|
| 0 | zero |
| 1 | un |
| 2 | deux |
| 3 | trois |
| 4 | quatre |
| 5 | cinq |
| 6 | six |
| 7 | sept |
| 8 | huit |
| 9 | neuf |
| 10 | dix |
| 11 | onze |
| 12 | douze |
| 13 | treize |
| 14 | quatorze |
| 15 | quinze |
| 16 | seize |
| 17 | dix-sept |
| 18 | dix-huit |
| 19 | dix-neuf |
| 20 | vingt |
| 21 | vingt et un |
| 30 | trente |
| 31 | trente et un |
To say the date in French, use 'le' + number + month, with no capital letter for the month: 'le 5 mars' (the 5th of March). Days of the week are 'lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche'. Months: 'janvier, fevrier, mars, avril, mai, juin, juillet, aout, septembre, octobre, novembre, decembre'.
表达日期时,使用 “le” + 数字 + 月份,月份字母小写:例如 “le 5 mars”(3月5日)。星期是 “lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche”。月份:“janvier, fevrier, mars, avril, mai, juin, juillet, aout, septembre, octobre, novembre, decembre”。
For telling the time, the question is 'Quelle heure est-il?'. To answer, use 'Il est... heure(s)': 'Il est trois heures' (It's three o'clock), 'Il est huit heures et demie' (half past eight), 'Il est midi' (noon), 'Il est minuit' (midnight). Minutes are added with 'et' for up to the half hour and 'moins' thereafter: e.g., 'Il est quatre heures moins dix' (ten to four).
询问时间用 “Quelle heure est-il?”。回答用 “Il est... heure(s)”:“Il est trois heures”(三点),“Il est huit heures et demie”(八点半),“Il est midi”(正午),“Il est minuit”(午夜)。半点之前用 “et” 加分钟,半点之后用 “moins”:如 “Il est quatre heures moins dix”(四点差十分)。
3. Family and Physical Descriptions | 家庭与人称描述
Family vocabulary is central to describing home life. Key terms include: 'ma mere' (my mother), 'mon pere' (my father), 'ma sœur' (my sister), 'mon frere' (my brother), 'ma grand-mere' (my grandmother), 'mon grand-pere' (my grandfather). For pets: 'un chien' (a dog), 'un chat' (a cat). Possessive adjectives agree with the noun they precede: 'mon/ma/mes' (my), 'ton/ta/tes' (your, singular informal), 'son/sa/ses' (his/her), 'notre/nos' (our), 'votre/vos' (your, formal/plural), 'leur/leurs' (their). Note that 'mon, ton, son' are also used before feminine nouns starting with a vowel or silent 'h': 'mon amie' (my friend, feminine).
家庭词汇是描述家庭生活的核心。关键术语包括:“ma mere”(我的母亲),“mon pere”(我的父亲),“ma sœur”(我的姐妹),“mon frere”(我的兄弟),“ma grand-mere”(我的祖母),“mon grand-pere”(我的祖父)。宠物:“un chien”(狗),“un chat”(猫)。物主形容词要与所修饰的名词性数一致:“mon/ma/mes”(我的),“ton/ta/tes”(你的),“son/sa/ses”(他/她的),“notre/nos”(我们的),“votre/vos”(你们的/您的),“leur/leurs”(他们的)。注意,在元音或哑音 “h” 开头的阴性名词前,也使用 “mon, ton, son”:“mon amie”(我的女性朋友)。
When describing people, use 'etre' + adjective. Tall is 'grand(e)', short is 'petit(e)', nice is 'sympa' or 'gentil(le)', funny is 'drole', intelligent is 'intelligent(e)'. Hair and eyes: 'Il/Elle a les cheveux...' (He/She has ... hair) – 'blonds, bruns, noirs, roux, longs, courts, frises'. Eyes: 'les yeux bleus/verts/marron/noisette'. Remember adjective agreement will be covered in detail later; for now, simply add 'e' for feminine and 's' for plural when using most physical descriptions.
描述人物时,使用 “etre” + 形容词。“grand(e)” 是高的,“petit(e)” 是矮的,“sympa” 或 “gentil(le)” 是友善的,“drole” 是幽默的,“intelligent(e)” 是聪明的。头发和眼睛:“Il/Elle a les cheveux...” —— “blonds, bruns, noirs, roux, longs, courts, frises”(金发、棕发、黑发、红发、长发、短发、卷发)。眼睛:“les yeux bleus/verts/marron/noisette”(蓝/绿/棕色/浅褐色眼睛)。记住形容词要配合,稍后详细说明;目前只需在多数外貌描述后,阴性加 “e”,复数加 “s”。
4. School Life and Subjects | 学校生活与科目
School vocabulary enables students to talk about their daily routine. Key places: 'la salle de classe' (classroom), 'la cour de recreation' (playground), 'la cantine' (canteen), 'le gymnase' (gym). Common school subjects: 'le francais' (French), 'l'anglais' (English), 'les mathematiques / les maths' (mathematics), 'l'histoire-geographie' (history-geography), 'les sciences' (science), 'l'EPS (education physique et sportive)' (PE), 'la musique', 'les arts plastiques' (art).
学校词汇使学生能够谈论日常生活。关键地点:“la salle de classe”(教室),“la cour de recreation”(操场),“la cantine”(食堂),“le gymnase”(体育馆)。常见学科:“le francais”(法语),“l'anglais”(英语),“les mathematiques / les maths”(数学),“l'histoire-geographie”(历史-地理),“les sciences”(科学),“l'EPS”(体育),“la musique”(音乐),“les arts plastiques”(美术)。
To express opinions about subjects, use 'J'aime' (I like), 'Je n'aime pas' (I don't like), 'J'adore' (I love), 'Je deteste' (I hate). Reasons use 'parce que c'est' (because it is) + adjective: 'interessant(e)', 'ennuyeux/ennuyeuse' (boring), 'facile' (easy), 'difficile' (difficult), 'amusant(e)' (fun). Example: 'J'adore les maths parce que c'est interessant et facile pour moi.' (I love maths because it is interesting and easy for me).
表达对科目的看法,用 “J'aime”(我喜欢),“Je n'aime pas”(我不喜欢),“J'adore”(我非常喜欢),“Je deteste”(我讨厌)。理由用 “parce que c'est”(因为它是)+ 形容词:“interessant(e)”(有趣的),“ennuyeux/ennuyeuse”(无聊的),“facile”(容易),“difficile”(困难),“amusant(e)”(好玩)。例如:“J'adore les maths parce que c'est interessant et facile pour moi.”(我非常喜欢数学,因为它有趣而且对我来说很容易。)
5. Daily Activities, Hobbies and the Near Future | 日常活动、爱好与最近将来时
Regular -er verbs form the backbone of everyday French. The verb 'jouer' (to play) is a good model: je joue, tu joues, il/elle/on joue, nous jouons, vous jouez, ils/elles jouent. Key action verbs: 'regarder' (to watch), 'ecouter' (to listen to), 'manger' (to eat), 'travailler' (to work), 'habiter' (to live), 'aimer' (to like/love). For hobbies, use 'faire' (to do/make) and 'aller' (to go): 'je fais du sport' (I do sport), 'je vais au parc' (I go to the park).
规则 -er 动词构成日常法语的基础。动词 “jouer”(玩)是很好的范例:je joue, tu joues, il/elle/on joue, nous jouons, vous jouez, ils/elles jouent。关键动作动词:“regarder”(观看),“ecouter”(听),“manger”(吃),“travailler”(工作),“habiter”(居住),“aimer”(喜欢/爱)。用于爱好,使用 “faire”(做)和 “aller”(去):“je fais du sport”(我做运动),“je vais au parc”(我去公园)。
To express likes and dislikes with activities, place an infinitive after 'aimer' or 'detester': 'J'aime jouer au foot' (I like playing football), 'Je deteste faire les devoirs' (I hate doing homework). Frequency adverbs help add detail: 'toujours' (always), 'souvent' (often), 'quelquefois' (sometimes), 'rarement' (rarely), 'ne... jamais' (never).
表达对活动的喜好,在 “aimer” 或 “detester” 后接动词不定式:“J'aime jouer au foot”(我喜欢踢足球),“Je deteste faire les devoirs”(我讨厌做作业)。频率副词可以增加细节:“toujours”(总是),“souvent”(经常),“quelquefois”(有时),“rarement”(很少),“ne... jamais”(从不)。
The near future (futur proche) is formed with 'aller' + infinitive: 'Je vais regarder un film' (I am going to watch a film), 'On va visiter Paris' (We are going to visit Paris). This construction allows Year 8 students to talk about plans with ease.
最近将来时(futur proche)由 “aller” + 动词不定式构成:“Je vais regarder un film”(我将要看一部电影),“On va visiter Paris”(我们将去巴黎游览)。这一结构使 Year 8 学生能够轻松谈论计划。
6. Food, Meals and Partitive Articles | 食物、餐饮与部分冠词
Food vocabulary is essential for describing meals and shopping. Breakfast is 'le petit dejeuner', lunch is 'le dejeuner', dinner is 'le diner'. Common items: 'le pain' (bread), 'le fromage' (cheese), 'le lait' (milk), 'les fruits' (fruit), 'les legumes' (vegetables), 'la viande' (meat), 'le poisson' (fish), 'le riz' (rice), 'les pates' (pasta). Drinks: 'l'eau' (water), 'le jus d'orange' (orange juice), 'le coca' (cola).
食物词汇对于描述用餐和购物至关重要。早餐是 “le petit dejeuner”,午餐是 “le dejeuner”,晚餐是 “le diner”。常见食物:“le pain”(面包),“le fromage”(奶酪),“le lait”(牛奶),“les fruits”(水果),“les legumes”(蔬菜),“la viande”(肉),“le poisson”(鱼),“le riz”(米饭),“les pates”(意大利面)。饮料:“l'eau”(水),“le jus d'orange”(橙汁),“le coca”(可乐)。
To talk about consuming a part of something, French uses partitive articles: 'du' (masculine), 'de la' (feminine), 'de l'' (before a vowel), 'des' (plural). Examples: 'Je mange du pain' (I eat some bread), 'Elle boit de la limonade' (She drinks some lemonade), 'Je prends de l'eau' (I am having some water), 'Nous achetons des fruits' (We buy some fruit). After a negative, the partitive becomes 'de' or 'd'': 'Je ne mange pas de viande' (I don't eat meat).
要表达吃/喝某物的一部分,法语使用部分冠词:“du”(阳性),“de la”(阴性),“de l'”(元音前),“des”(复数)。例如:“Je mange du pain”(我吃一些面包),“Elle boit de la limonade”(她喝一些柠檬水),“Je prends de l'eau”(我要一些水),“Nous achetons des fruits”(我们买一些水果)。在否定句中,部分冠词变为 “de” 或 “d'”:“Je ne mange pas de viande”(我不吃肉)。
7. Articles and Gender of Nouns | 冠词与名词的性
Every French noun has a gender – either masculine or feminine. This affects the articles used. Definite articles (the): 'le' (m.), 'la' (f.), 'l'' (before vowel or silent 'h'), 'les' (plural). Indefinite articles (a/an/some): 'un' (m.), 'une' (f.), 'des' (some, plural). There are some patterns: nouns ending in -tion, -te, -elle, -ette are often feminine; nouns ending in -eau, -ment, -oir are usually masculine. However, many must be memorised.
每个法语名词都有性别——阳性或阴性,这影响所使用的冠词。定冠词(the):“le”(阳),“la”(阴),“l'”(元音或哑音 h 前),“les”(复数)。不定冠词(a/an/some):“un”(阳),“une”(阴),“des”(一些,复数)。有一些规律:以 -tion、-te、-elle、-ette 结尾的名词常为阴性;以 -eau、-ment、-oir 结尾的名词通常为阳性。但很多词仍需记忆。
When stating
Published by TutorHao | Year 8 法语 Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022(同微信)

或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图