📚 Year 7 Cambridge French: Case Study & Practical Practice | 剑桥7年级法语：案例分析实战演练
Welcome to a practical case study designed for Year 7 Cambridge French learners. Follow Sophie, a student from the UK, as she arrives in Paris for a language exchange. This interactive session will help you apply basic French in real-life situations, covering listening, speaking, reading and writing. skills. You will tackle challenges that mirror typical Cambridge Lower Secondary French tasks, including greetings, introductions, numbers, family vocabulary and expressing likes and dislikes. Along the way you will also review the grammar that holds these topics together: the verbs être and avoir, regular -er verbs, negation and simple questions. Let us dive into the scenario and sharpen your communication skills step by step.
欢迎参加为剑桥7年级法语学习者设计的案例分析实战演练。跟随来自英国的学生苏菲，她刚刚抵达巴黎参加语言交换。本互动环节将帮助你运用基础法语进行真实场景交流，涵盖听力、口语、阅读与写作四项技能。你将应对类似剑桥初中法语考试中的典型任务，包括问候、自我介绍、数字、家庭词汇以及表达喜好与厌恶。在此过程中，你还会复习把这些话题串联起来的语法：être 与 avoir 两个动词、规则 -er 动词、否定句以及简单疑问句。让我们一起进入情境，逐步提高你的沟通能力。
1. Setting the Scene: The Exchange Adventure | 场景设定：交换生历险
Sophie is twelve years old and studies French at a Cambridge school in the UK. She has just landed at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris and will stay with the Martin family for two weeks. Her challenge is simple but demanding: communicate in only in French as much as possible, even when she feels shy. She carries a small notebook with key phrases and is both excited and nervous. The host mother, Madame Martin, has already sent a voice message to welcome her. Every task in this article follows Sophie's first two days in Paris, so the language stays practical and connected to a real situation.
苏菲12岁，在英国一所剑桥体系学校学习法语。她刚刚抵达巴黎戴高乐机场，将和马丁一家共度两周。她的挑战简单却不容易：尽可能用法语交流，哪怕感到害羞。她随身带着一个写有关键短语的小本子，既兴奋又紧张。寄宿家庭的妈妈马丁夫人已经发来一条语音消息欢迎她。本文后面的每一个任务都围绕苏菲在巴黎的头两天展开，因此语言始终保持实用，并与真实情境紧密相连。
Before you begin, set yourself three goals for this session. Write them in the margin of your exercise book in English, then translate each one into simple French.
- Listen for key words instead of trying to understand every single word.
- Speak in short, complete sentences rather than single words.
- Check gender and verb endings before you write anything down.
开始之前，请先为本次练习设定三个目标，用英文写在练习本页边，再把每一个目标翻译成简单法语。
- 听的时候抓关键词，而不是试图听懂每一个词。
- 说的时候用简短完整的句子，而不是只蹦单词。
- 动笔之前先检查名词的阴阳性与动词变位。
2. Audio Clip: The Welcome Message | 音频片段：欢迎信息
Listen to the recording (read it aloud twice, then cover the text and listen again): "Bonjour Sophie ! Bienvenue à Paris. Je m'appelle Claire Martin. Comment ça va ? J'espère que tu as fait un bon voyage. Ma fille Chloé a hâte de te rencontrer. À tout à l'heure !" Notice how naturally the speaker uses greetings, a name, a question, a hope and a closing phrase. This is exactly the register Cambridge expects in a short listening task at Year 7 level.
听录音（先大声朗读两遍，然后遮住文本再听一遍）："Bonjour Sophie ! Bienvenue à Paris. Je m'appelle Claire Martin. Comment ça va ? J'espère que tu as fait un bon voyage. Ma fille Chloé a hâte de te rencontrer. À tout à l'heure !" 注意说话人是如何自然地使用问候语、姓名、提问、祝愿和告别语的。这正是剑桥7年级听力短任务所要求的语体风格。
Now answer these comprehension questions in English first, then in Chinese.
现在先用英文回答以下理解题，再用中文回答一遍。
| Question | Answer |
| 1. Who is speaking? | Claire Martin, the host mother. |
| 2. Which city is Sophie in? | Paris. |
| 3. How does she greet Sophie? | With "Bonjour" and "Bienvenue à Paris". |
| 4. What does she hope? | That Sophie had a good journey. |
| 5. Who is Chloé? | Her daughter, who cannot wait to meet Sophie. |
| 6. When will they meet? | Later today ("À tout à l'heure"). |
Three expressions in the message are worth learning by heart: "j'espère que" (I hope that), which is followed by a clause; "avoir hâte de + infinitive" (to look forward to doing something); and "à tout à l'heure" (see you later today, when you will meet again on the same day). Keep these in your phrase notebook under the heading "Meeting people".
消息中有三个表达值得熟记："j'espère que"（我希望……），后面接一个完整小句；"avoir hâte de + 动词原形"（迫不及待想做某事）；以及 "à tout à l'heure"（稍后见，指当天还会再见面）。请把它们记入你的短语笔记本，归到"见面寒暄"这一栏。
3. First Meeting: Greetings and Introductions | 初次见面：问候与自我介绍
When Sophie meets the family at the airport, she needs greetings that match the time of day and the person. "Bonjour" works from morning until early evening; "Bonsoir" is used from about six o'clock onwards; "Salut" is informal and only for friends or people her own age, so she should not use it with Madame Martin at the first meeting. French also has two words for "you": "tu" for one friend, relative or classmate, and "vous" for an adult, a stranger or more than one person. Sophie will use "vous" with the parents and "tu" with Chloé.
当苏菲在机场与这家人见面时，她需要根据时间和对象选择合适的问候语。"Bonjour" 从早上一直用到傍晚；"Bonsoir" 大约从傍晚六点以后使用；"Salut" 是非正式用语，只用于朋友或同龄人，所以第一次见马丁夫人时不宜使用。法语中"你"有两个说法：对一位朋友、亲戚或同学用 "tu"，对成年人、陌生人或多人用 "vous"。苏菲对父母用 "vous"，对克洛伊用 "tu"。
Here is a model exchange. Read it aloud, then change the names and details to make it about you.
下面是一段示范对话。先大声朗读，然后替换姓名和细节，把它改成你自己的版本。
| French | English |
| Bonjour Madame, je m'appelle Sophie. | Hello Madam, my name is Sophie. |
| Bonjour Sophie ! Moi, c'est Claire Martin. Enchantée. | Hello Sophie! I am Claire Martin. Nice to meet you. |
| Comment allez-vous ? | How are you? (formal) |
| Très bien, merci. Et vous ? | Very well, thank you. And you? |
| Ça va bien. Je te présente ma fille Chloé. | I am fine. Let me introduce my daughter Chloé. |
| Salut Chloé ! Moi, c'est Sophie. Enchantée de te rencontrer. | Hi Chloé! I am Sophie. Nice to meet you. |
Watch the spelling of "Enchanté". A male speaker writes "Enchanté"; a female speaker writes "Enchantée" with an extra -e, because the adjective agrees with the speaker. The same rule applies to "Je suis content / contente", "fatigué / fatiguée" and "prêt / prête". Cambridge markers look for this agreement in short writing tasks, so it is worth two seconds of checking.
注意 "Enchanté" 的拼写。男性说 "Enchanté"，女性则要写成 "Enchantée"，多一个 -e，因为形容词要与说话者的性别一致。同样规则也适用于 "Je suis content / contente"（我很高兴）、"fatigué / fatiguée"（我累了）和 "prêt / prête"（我准备好了）。剑桥阅卷人在短写作任务中会关注这种性数配合，所以值得花两秒钟检查。
4. Small Talk: Numbers, Age and Contact Details | 寒暄：数字、年龄与联系方式
Small talk in French almost always includes age and numbers. Sophie needs to say "J'ai douze ans" (I am twelve years old). Note that French uses the verb avoir, literally "I have twelve years", not être. To ask, she says "Quel âge as-tu ?" with a friend or "Quel âge avez-vous ?" with an adult. Numbers from 1 to 20 must be automatic, because they appear in ages, prices, times and telephone numbers.
法语寒暄几乎总会涉及年龄和数字。苏菲需要说 "J'ai douze ans"（我12岁）。注意法语用的是动词 avoir，字面意思是"我有12年"，而不是 être。询问时，对朋友说 "Quel âge as-tu ?"，对成年人说 "Quel âge avez-vous ?"。1到20的数字必须脱口而出，因为年龄、价格、时间和电话号码里都会用到。
Here is the number system you should be able to write from memory.
以下数字体系应当能够凭记忆写出。
| Numbers | French | 中文 |
| 1-10 | un, deux, trois, quatre, cinq, six, sept, huit, neuf, dix | 一至十 |
| 11-20 | onze, douze, treize, quatorze, quinze, seize, dix-sept, dix-huit, dix-neuf, vingt | 十一至二十 |
| 21, 22 | vingt et un, vingt-deux | 二十一、二十二 |
| 70-79 | soixante-dix, soixante et onze, soixante-douze | 七十至七十九 |
| 80-99 | quatre-vingts, quatre-vingt-un, quatre-vingt-dix, quatre-vingt-onze | 八十至九十九 |
Sophie also has to give her address and telephone number. Useful questions and answers include: "Où habites-tu ?" - "J'habite à Manchester, en Angleterre." "Quel est ton numéro de téléphone ?" - "C'est le zéro sept, quatre-vingt-un, trente-cinq..." Spell your surname using the French alphabet, and remember that some letters sound very different from English, especially G ("j'ai"), J ("ji") and E ("euh").
苏菲还要说出住址和电话号码。常用问答包括："Où habites-tu ?"——"J'habite à Manchester, en Angleterre."（我住在英格兰曼彻斯特。）"Quel est ton numéro de téléphone ?"——"C'est le zéro sept, quatre-vingt-un, trente-cinq..."（是07，81，35……）请用法语字母表拼出自己的姓，并记住有些字母的读音与英语差别很大，尤其是 G（读作"j'ai"）、J（读作"ji"）和 E（读作"euh"）。
5. Family Vocabulary: Describing the Martin Family | 家庭词汇：介绍马丁一家
On the drive home, Madame Martin explains who lives in the house. Family vocabulary is a core Cambridge Year 7 topic, and it links directly to the possessive adjectives mon, ma and mes. The rule is simple: choose the possessive form that matches the gender and number of the person or thing possessed, not the owner. "Mon père" and "ma mère" both mean "my father" and "my mother", even though the speaker could be male or female.
在开车回家的路上，马丁夫人介绍了家里有哪些人。家庭词汇是剑桥7年级的核心话题，并且与主有形容词 mon、ma、mes 直接相关。规则很简单：主有形容词要与被拥有的人或物的阴阳性和单复数一致，而不是与拥有者一致。"Mon père" 和 "ma mère" 分别表示"我的父亲"和"我的母亲"，无论说话者是男是女都一样。
- le père - father; la mère - mother
- le frère - brother; la sœur - sister
- le fils - son; la fille - daughter (also "girl")
- les grands-parents - grandparents; les parents - parents
- l'oncle - uncle; la tante - aunt; le cousin / la cousine - cousin
- le chien - dog; le chat - cat
以下是与上面一一对应的中文说明。
- le père 父亲；la mère 母亲
- le frère 兄弟；la sœur 姐妹
- le fils 儿子；la fille 女儿（也可指"女孩"）
- les grands-parents 祖父母；les parents 父母
- l'oncle 叔叔舅舅；la tante 姑姨；le cousin / la cousine 堂表兄弟／姐妹
- le chien 狗；le chat 猫
To describe the family, Sophie uses the structure "Il y a ... dans ma famille" (There is / There are ... in my family) plus the verb avoir: "Dans la famille Martin, il y a quatre personnes : Monsieur et Madame Martin, Chloé et son petit frère Lucas. Lucas a huit ans. Ils ont aussi un chat qui s'appelle Minou." Then she gives her own family: "Dans ma famille, il y a cinq personnes. J'ai un frère et une sœur. Mon frère s'appelle Tom et il a quinze ans."
介绍家庭时，苏菲使用句型 "Il y a ... dans ma famille"（我的家里有……）加上动词 avoir："Dans la famille Martin, il y a quatre personnes : Monsieur et Madame Martin, Chloé et son petit frère Lucas. Lucas a huit ans. Ils ont aussi un chat qui s'appelle Minou."（马丁家有四口人：马丁先生、马丁夫人、克洛伊和她的弟弟卢卡斯。卢卡斯8岁。他们还有一只叫米努的猫。）接着她介绍自己的家庭："Dans ma famille, il y a cinq personnes. J'ai un frère et une sœur. Mon frère s'appelle Tom et il a quinze ans."（我家有五口人。我有一个哥哥和一个姐姐。我哥哥叫汤姆，他15岁。）
6. At the Dinner Table: Food and Polite Requests | 餐桌礼仪：食物与礼貌请求
The first evening meal is a perfect opportunity to practise politeness. French uses "Je voudrais" (I would like) far more often than "Je veux" (I want), which can sound abrupt. "S'il vous plaît" and "merci beaucoup" are essential, and a compliment such as "C'est délicieux !" costs nothing and always pleases a host. If Sophie does not want something, she softens it: "Non merci, je n'aime pas trop le fromage."
第一顿晚餐是练习礼貌用语的绝佳机会。法语中 "Je voudrais"（我想要，请给我）的使用频率远高于 "Je veux"（我要），后者听起来很生硬。"S'il vous plaît"（请）和 "merci beaucoup"（非常感谢）必不可少，而一句 "C'est délicieux !"（太好吃了！）这样的赞美不费力气，却总能让主人高兴。如果苏菲不想要某样东西，她会说得委婉些："Non merci, je n'aime pas trop le fromage."（不了谢谢，我不太喜欢奶酪。）
- le pain - bread; le fromage - cheese; le beurre - butter
- la soupe - soup; le poulet - chicken; le poisson - fish
- les légumes - vegetables; les frites - chips; la salade - salad
- l'eau - water; le jus d'orange - orange juice; le lait - milk
- le dessert - dessert; la glace - ice cream; le gâteau - cake
中文对照如下。
- le pain 面包；le fromage 奶酪；le beurre 黄油
- la soupe 汤；le poulet 鸡肉；le poisson 鱼
- les légumes 蔬菜；les frites 薯条；la salade 沙拉
- l'eau 水；le jus d'orange 橙汁；le lait 牛奶
- le dessert 甜点；la glace 冰淇淋；le gâteau 蛋糕
Model table talk: "Tu veux du pain, Sophie ?" - "Oui, je veux bien, merci." "Qu'est-ce que tu prends comme boisson ?" - "Je voudrais de l'eau, s'il vous plaît." "Tu aimes la soupe ?" - "Oui, j'adore ! C'est très bon." Notice "je veux bien", which is the polite way of accepting an offer, and the partitive article "du / de la / de l'" used for an unspecified quantity.
餐桌示范对话："Tu veux du pain, Sophie ?"（苏菲，你要面包吗？）——"Oui, je veux bien, merci."（好，我很乐意，谢谢。）"Qu'est-ce que tu prends comme boisson ?"（你喝什么饮料？）——"Je voudrais de l'eau, s'il vous plaît."（请给我水。）"Tu aimes la soupe ?"（你喜欢喝汤吗？）——"Oui, j'adore ! C'est très bon."（喜欢，我超爱！很好喝。）注意 "je veux bien" 是接受别人提供的礼貌说法，以及部分冠词 "du / de la / de l'"，用于表示不确定的数量。
7. Expressing Likes and Dislikes | 表达喜好与厌恶
Likes and dislikes are one of the most frequently examined topics at this level, and they are easy to get wrong in two specific ways: the negative form and the article after "aimer". Learn the scale below so that you can express shades of feeling instead of only "j'aime" and "
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