📚 Year 7 Cambridge Computing: Transition Guide | Year 7 剑桥计算机升学衔接指南
Welcome to Year 7 Cambridge Computing – an exciting stage where you transition from primary ICT to a more structured and problem-solving-focused computing curriculum. This guide will help you understand what lies ahead, how to prepare, and how to thrive in your first year of secondary computing.
欢迎来到 Year 7 剑桥计算机课程——这是一个令人兴奋的阶段，你将从小学的信息通信技术（ICT）过渡到更注重结构化思维和问题解决的计算机课程。本指南将帮助你了解即将学习的内容、如何做好准备，并在中学第一年的计算机学习中取得优异成绩。
1. Understanding the Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing Curriculum | 了解剑桥初中计算机课程
The Cambridge Lower Secondary Computing curriculum (Stage 7-9) develops essential skills in computational thinking, digital literacy, and programming. It is designed to build a solid foundation for IGCSE Computer Science and beyond.
剑桥初中计算机课程（第7-9阶段）旨在培养计算思维、数字素养和编程等核心技能，为 IGCSE 计算机科学及更高层次的学习打下坚实基础。
The framework covers three strands: Computer Science, Information Technology, and Digital Literacy. Year 7 focuses on introducing these strands through practical, engaging activities.
该课程框架涵盖三大领域：计算机科学、信息技术和数字素养。Year 7 的重点是通过实践性、趣味性强的活动来引入这些领域。
Students learn to think like a computer scientist: breaking down problems, spotting patterns, and designing algorithms. They also explore how computers work and how to use technology safely and creatively.
学生将学会像计算机科学家一样思考：分解问题、识别模式、设计算法。他们还将探索计算机的工作原理，以及如何安全、创造性地使用技术。
2. The Year 7 Computing Journey: What Changes | Year 7 计算机之旅：有哪些变化
Moving from primary to secondary computing means greater emphasis on independent problem-solving. You may have used tablets or simple coding apps; now you will use desktop computers and learn more formal programming concepts.
从小学升入中学，计算机学习更强调独立解决问题。你可能以前用过平板电脑或简单的编程应用，现在你将使用台式电脑，学习更正式的编程概念。
The pace may feel faster, and you will be expected to manage your files, save work in specific folders, and follow a structured lesson plan. Don't worry—the transition is gradual, and teachers support you every step.
学习节奏可能加快，你需要管理文件、将作业保存到指定文件夹，并按照结构化课纲学习。不必担心——过渡是循序渐进的，老师会在每个阶段提供支持。
In Year 7, you will undertake a variety of projects: building a game in Scratch, creating a spreadsheet model, researching online safety, and maybe designing a simple website. These projects make computing relevant and fun.
在 Year 7，你将完成多个项目：用 Scratch 制作游戏、创建电子表格模型、研究网络安全，或许还会设计一个简单的网页。这些项目让计算机课变得既实用又有趣。
3. Computational Thinking and Problem-Solving | 计算思维与问题解决
At the heart of Cambridge Computing lies computational thinking—a way of solving problems that uses concepts like abstraction, decomposition, pattern recognition, and algorithm design. You will practice these skills throughout the year.
计算思维是剑桥计算机课程的核心——一种运用抽象、分解、模式识别和算法设计等概念来解决问题的方法。你将在全年课程中不断练习这些技能。
Decomposition means breaking a large problem into smaller, manageable parts. For example, planning a school event can be decomposed into booking a venue, arranging food, sending invitations, etc.
分解是指将一个大问题拆分成多个更小、更易处理的部分。例如，策划一场学校活动可以分解为预订场地、安排餐饮、发送邀请等。
Pattern recognition involves spotting similarities between problems. If you wrote a program to sort names, you might reuse that logic to sort numbers. Algorithms are step-by-step instructions to solve a task; you will learn to write them in plain English and as flowcharts.
模式识别涉及发现不同问题之间的相似性。如果你曾编写过姓名排序的程序，可以复用那段逻辑来排序数字。算法是解决任务的逐步指令；你将学习用普通英语和流程图来描述算法。
Abstraction focuses on the relevant details while ignoring unnecessary information. When driving a car, you don't need to know how the engine works to drive. In computing, abstraction helps us manage complexity.
抽象是专注于相关细节，忽略不必要的信息。开车时你不需要了解发动机的工作原理就能驾驶。在计算机中，抽象帮助我们管理复杂性。
4. Hardware, Software and Data Representation | 硬件、软件与数据表示
Year 7 introduces the building blocks of a computer system: input devices (keyboard, mouse, microphone), output devices (monitor, printer, speakers), and the central processing unit (CPU) along with memory (RAM and storage).
Year 7 将介绍计算机系统的基本组成部分：输入设备（键盘、鼠标、麦克风）、输出设备（显示器、打印机、扬声器）、中央处理器（CPU）以及内存（RAM 和存储器）。
You will distinguish between hardware (physical components) and software (programs and applications). System software like operating systems manages hardware, while application software lets you perform tasks—writing documents, browsing the web, or editing photos.
你将区分硬件（物理组件）和软件（程序与应用）。系统软件（如操作系统）管理硬件，而应用软件让你执行任务——撰写文档、浏览网页或编辑照片。
Data representation is a key topic. All data inside a computer is stored as binary digits (bits): 0s and 1s. You will learn how numbers, text, and images are converted into binary. For example, the decimal number 5 is 101 in binary (101₂).
数据表示是一个关键主题。计算机中的所有数据都以二进制数字（比特）存储：0 和 1。你将学习数字、文本和图像如何转换为二进制。例如，十进制数 5 在二进制中表示为 101（写作 101₂）。
You may also explore units of storage: bit, byte (8 bits), kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB). Understanding these helps you appreciate file sizes and storage capacity.
你还可能探索存储单位：比特、字节（8 比特）、千字节（KB）、兆字节（MB）、吉字节（GB）。理解这些单位有助于你了解文件大小和存储容量。
5. Networks, Internet and Cloud Technologies | 网络、互联网与云技术
Networks allow computers to share data and resources. In Year 7, you will learn about the difference between a LAN (Local Area Network) and a WAN (Wide Area Network). The
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