📚 Year 7 Cambridge English Literature: Quick Memorisation Guide to Literary Terms | 剑桥 Year 7 英语文学：文学术语速记指南
Welcome to your essential toolkit for mastering literary vocabulary in Year 7 Cambridge English Literature. This guide breaks down the most commonly examined terms – from simile and metaphor to personification and onomatopoeia – and provides simple memory hacks, examples, and paired explanations in clear English and Chinese. By connecting each term to a vivid image or pattern, you will not only recall definitions faster but also spot them with confidence in poems, prose, and plays.
欢迎来到 Year 7 剑桥英语文学词汇术语的必备工具箱。本指南拆解了最常考的术语——从明喻、暗喻到拟人、拟声词——并提供简单的记忆技巧、例子以及清晰的英中配对解释。通过将每个术语与生动的图像或模式联系起来，你不仅能更快记住定义，还能自信地在诗歌、散文和戏剧中认出它们。
1. Simile | 明喻
A simile compares two different things using the words 'like' or 'as'. Think of it as a bridge that shows similarity. For example, 'The night sky was as dark as coal' uses 'as' to link the sky and coal. Remember: a simile smiles with 'like' or 'as'.
明喻用“like”或“as”来比较两个不同的事物。可以把它想象成一座展示相似性的桥。例如，“夜空像煤一样黑”用“as”连接天空和煤。记住：明喻用“like”或“as”来微笑。
2. Metaphor | 暗喻
A metaphor directly states that one thing is another, without using 'like' or 'as'. It paints a stronger, more imaginative picture. For instance, 'Her voice was music to his ears' means her voice had the same pleasing effect as music. To memorise, picture a metaphor as a magic merge – two things become one.
暗喻直接说一个事物是另一个事物，不使用“like”或“as”。它描绘出一幅更强烈、更富想象力的画面。例如，“她的声音是他耳中的音乐”意思是她的声音具有和音乐一样令人愉悦的效果。为了记忆，可以把暗喻想象成一次魔法融合——两件事物合而为一。
3. Personification | 拟人
Personification gives human qualities, feelings, or actions to non-human things or ideas. 'The wind whispered through the trees' makes the wind seem alive and secretive. Recall it as 'person'-ification – you are making something a person.
拟人将人的品质、情感或行为赋予非人类的事物或思想。“风在树间低语”让风显得鲜活而神秘。记住它就是“人”化——你把某物变成了人。
4. Onomatopoeia | 拟声词
Onomatopoeia refers to words that imitate the sound they describe. Examples: 'buzz', 'hiss', 'clang', 'splash'. These words echo real noises. The memory trick: say it and hear the sound. The word itself is a sound effect.
拟声词指模仿所描述声音的词语。例如：“嗡嗡”、“嘶嘶”、“铿锵”、“哗啦”。这些词呼应真实的声音。记忆技巧：念出它，听到声。单词本身就是一个音效。
5. Alliteration | 头韵
Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound in a series of words. 'Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers' repeats the /p/ sound. It creates rhythm and emphasis. Remember it as 'same starting sound' – like a tongue-twister chain.
头韵是一系列单词中相同首辅音的重复。“Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers”重复了/p/音。它创造节奏和强调。记住它为“同样的起始音”——就像绕口令的链条。
6. Assonance | 腹韵（元音韵）
Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within words close together. Unlike rhyme, the consonants may change. Example: 'The light of the fire is a sight to admire' repeats the long 'i' sound. Think 'vowel echo' – the vowels bounce around inside the words.
腹韵是在相近词语中重复元音。与押韵不同，辅音可以改变。例如：“The light of the fire is a sight to admire”重复了长“i”音。想成“元音回声”——元音在词内来回弹跳。
7. Rhyme | 押韵
Rhyme occurs when words have the same ending sound, usually at the end of lines in poetry. 'Cat' and 'hat', 'bright' and 'night' are rhyming pairs. Rhyme creates musicality and makes poems easier to remember. Associate it with 'same finish' – like matching shoes.
押韵指词语有相同的尾音，通常出现在诗行的末尾。“Cat”和“hat”、“bright”和“night”是押韵对。押韵产生音乐性，让诗歌更容易记住。把它和“相同的收尾”联系起来——就像配对的鞋子。
8. Imagery | 意象
Imagery is language that appeals to our five senses: sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch. It paints a picture in the reader’s mind. 'The sticky, sweet honey dripped from the golden comb' uses sight, taste, and touch. To recall: imagery = image + sensory detail. Every image is a snapshot created by words.
意象是诉诸我们五种感官的语言：视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。它在读者脑海中描绘出一幅画面。“黏糊糊、甜滋滋的蜂蜜从金色的蜂巢滴下”使用了视觉、味觉和触觉。为了记忆：意象 = 图像 + 感官细节。每一个意象都是文字创造的一张快照。
9. Symbolism | 象征
Symbolism occurs when an object, person, or situation represents a deeper meaning beyond its literal sense. A dove often symbolises peace; a red rose can symbolise love. The key is that the symbol stands for an idea. Remember: a symbol shouts something hidden. It's a secret message inside a common thing.
象征发生在物体、人物或情境代表其字面意义之外的更深层含义时。鸽子常象征和平；红玫瑰可象征爱情。关键在于象征代表一个观念。记住：一个象征喊出隐藏的信息。它是寻常事物中的秘密讯息。
10. Tone | 语气
Tone is the writer’s attitude toward the subject or audience, expressed through word choice and style. It can be serious, playful, sarcastic, hopeful, or angry. For instance, 'What a brilliant idea,' said with a sneer, carries an ironic tone. Think 'tone of voice' in writing. Read a line aloud and ask: how would I say this?
语气是作者通过选词和风格表达的对于主题或读者的态度。它可以是严肃、俏皮、讽刺、充满希望或愤怒的。例如，“这主意真棒啊”，带着冷笑说出，就带有讽刺的语气。想成写作中的“说话腔调”。大声读一句，并问：我会用怎样的口吻说这个？
11. Mood | 氛围
Mood is the feeling or atmosphere a text creates in the reader. It is often built through setting, imagery, and word choice. A story set in a dark, rainy graveyard might create a gloomy, eerie mood. While tone is the writer’s attitude, mood is your emotional response. Recall: mood = how you feel while reading.
氛围是文本在读者心中唤起的情感或气氛。它常通过背景、意象和选词来营造。一个设定在漆黑雨夜墓地的故事，可能营造出阴郁、诡异的氛围。语气是作者的态度，氛围则是你的情绪反应。回忆：氛围 = 你阅读时的感受。
12. Hyperbole | 夸张
Hyperbole is deliberate, extreme exaggeration used for emphasis or comic effect, not meant to be taken literally. 'I’ve told you a million times' or 'I’m so hungry I could eat a horse' are classic hyperboles. Memorise it with 'hyper-over-the-top'. It stretches the truth to make a point.
夸张是为强调或喜剧效果而故意使用的极度夸大，不能按字面理解。“我跟你说过一百万次了”或“我饿得能吃下一匹马”是经典的夸张。用“超级过头”来记忆。它拉伸事实以突出重点。
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