Year 7 SQA Engineering: Quick Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | SQA七年级工程：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 SQA Engineering: Quick Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | SQA七年级工程：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your Year 7 SQA Engineering vocabulary crash course! Mastering key technical terms is essential for reading drawings, using tools, and understanding how things work. This guide groups words by topic and gives you clever memory hooks to make them stick.

欢迎来到七年级SQA工程词汇速成课！掌握关键术语对阅读图纸、使用工具和明白工作原理至关重要。本指南按主题分组词汇，并为你提供巧妙的记忆挂钩，让它们牢牢记住。

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1. Materials and Their Properties | 材料及其特性

Ferrous metals contain iron (Fe). Think 'Ferrous = Fe'. They are magnetic and can rust.

黑色金属含铁(Fe)。记住'Ferrous = Fe'。它们有磁性且会生锈。

Non-ferrous metals like aluminium and copper do not contain iron. 'Non' means no iron, so they don't rust easily.

有色金属如铝和铜不含铁。'Non'意味着没有铁，所以不易生锈。

Alloys res of metals or metals with other elements. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. Memory: 'Alloy = All together'.

合金是金属之间或金属与其他元素的混合物。钢是铁和碳的合金。记忆法：'合金：全都合在一起'。

Polymers are plastics; they can be shaped easily when heated. Rhyme: 'Polymer – mould a former'.

聚合物即塑料；加热时易成型。押韵记忆：'Polymer – 塑造模具'。

Ceramics are hard but brittle, like clay pots. 'Ceramic sounds like "sherbet" – sweet but easily crushed.'

陶瓷坚硬但脆，像陶罐。'Ceramic音似"sherbet" – 甜却易碎。'

Composite combines two materials to get useful properties. Fibreglass is a composite. 'Composite = combine + opposite.'

复合材料组合两种材料获得有用性能。玻璃纤维就是一种复合材料。'Composite = 结合 + 对立面'。

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2. Tools and Equipment: Names to Remember | 工具与设备：名称记忆

Bench vice – a clamp fixed to a workbench. 'Vice grips like a firm handshake.'

台钳 – 固定在工作台上的夹具。'Vice像坚定握手一样夹紧。'

Tenon saw – a stiff back saw for straight cuts. 'Tenon sounds like "ten on" – ten fingers on the handle for control.'

夹背锯 – 具有厚重锯背的手锯，用于直线切割。'Tenon听似"ten on" – 十指握把稳控。'

Hacksaw – fine-toothed saw for cutting metal. 'Hack through metal like a hacker through code.'

钢锯 – 细齿锯切金属用。'像黑客(Hack)破译代码一样锯开金属。'

Soldering iron – heated tool for joining electronic components. 'Solder bonds like a hot glue gun for metal.'

电烙铁 – 加热工具，用于连接电子元件。'烙铁像金属用的热胶枪一样焊接。'

Multimeter – measures voltage, current, resistance. 'Multi = many, meter = measure – the all-in-one tester.'

万用表 – 测量电压、电流和电阻。'Multi多、meter量 – 全能测试仪。'

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3. Forces and Motion: Core Vocabulary | 力与运动：核心词汇

Force is a push or pull, measured in newtons (N). 'Newton – an apple made him think of force!'

力是一种推或拉，单位牛顿(N)。'牛顿 – 一个苹果让他想到力！'

Mass is the amount of matter (kg). 'Mass is how much "stuff" – don't confuse with weight.'

质量是物质的多少(kg)。'质量就是多少“东西” – 别和重量混淆。'

Weight = mass × gravitational field strength (W = mg). On Earth, g ≈ 10 N/kg.

重量=质量×重力场强度(W=mg)。在地球上，g≈10 N/kg。

W = m × g

Resultant force – the overall force left after all forces combine. 'Resultant rhymes with "rest", if zero rest continues.'

合力 – 所有力合并后剩下的总力。'合力为零则静止持续。'

Friction resists motion between surfaces. 'Friction – "friction is your friend" for grip, but enemy for speed.'

摩擦力阻碍表面之间的运动。'摩擦 – 对于抓地是朋友，对速度是敌人。'

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4. Simple Machines: Levers and Pulleys | 简单机械：杠杆与滑轮

Lever – a rigid bar pivoting on a fulcrum. Three classes: 'F L E' – Fulcrum in middle for 1st class, Load in middle 2nd, Effort in middle 3rd.

杠杆 – 绕支点转动的硬棒。三类记忆："FLE" – 支点(F)在中间是第一类，负荷(L)在中间是第二类，施力(E)在中间是第三类。

Fulcrum – the pivot point of a lever. 'Fulcrum is the "full" turning point.'

支点 – 杠杆的旋转点。'Fulcrum就是"全"转动点。'

Mechanical advantage = load ÷ effort. If MA > 1, it multiplies force. 'MA bigger means easier work.'

机械效益 = 负荷 ÷ 施力。MA>1则省力。'MA更大意味着更省力。'

MA = Load ÷ Effort

Pulley – a wheel with a groove for a rope. A single fixed pulley changes direction of force; movable pulleys multiply force. 'Pulley pulls the load up easily.'

滑轮 – 带绳槽的轮子。单个定滑轮改变力的方向；动滑轮组可以省力。'滑轮向上拉物轻松。'

Gears – toothed wheels that transmit motion. Large driving small = speed increase. 'Gear up for speed, gear down for torque.'

齿轮 – 传递运动的带齿轮子。大轮驱动小轮加速。'升齿提速，降齿增扭。'

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5. Basic Electricity: Component Terms | 基础电学：元件术语

Voltage (V) – electrical push, measured in volts. Think 'voltage is like water pressure'.

电压(V) – 电的推力，单位伏特。想像成水压。

Current (I) – flow of electrons, measured in amps (A). 'Current flows like water in a pipe.'

电流(I) – 电子流动，单位安培(A)。'电流像管中水流。'

Resistance (R) – how hard it is for current to flow, measured in ohms (Ω). 'Resistance = resists current.'

电阻(R) – 电流流动的难易程度，单位欧姆(Ω)。'电阻就是抵抗电流。'

V = I × R

Resistor – a component that limits current. Colour bands tell its value. ' Great Britain Very Good Wife = Black Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Grey White.'

电阻器 – 限制电流的元件，色环标示阻值。'色环记忆：BB ROY Great Britain Very Good Wife 对应黑棕红橙黄绿蓝紫灰白。'

LED – Light Emitting Diode. Long leg positive, short negative. 'LED: the long leg likes positive.'

发光二极管 – Light Emitting Diode。长脚正极，短脚负极。'LED: 长脚爱正极。'

Switch – opens or closes a circuit. SPST is single pole single throw. 'Switch makes or breaks the path.'

开关 – 通断电路。单刀单掷(SPST)。'开关通断路径。'

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6. Measurement and Units: Accuracy Matters | 测量与单位：精度至关重要

Millimetre (mm) – one thousandth of a metre. Engineers use mm for precision. 'Milli = 1/1000, think millipede with many segments.'

毫米(mm) – 千分之一米。工程师用毫米确保精度。'毫=千分之一，想成千足虫多节。'

Micrometre (µm) – millionth of a metre. A hair is about 70 µm wide. 'Micrometre is micro, really tiny.'

微米(µm) – 百万分之一米。一根头发约70 µm宽。'微米微观，极其微小。'

Tolerance – allowable variation from a dimension. 'Tolerance is how forgiving the measurement is.'

公差 – 尺寸允许的变动范围。'公差是测量上的容错度。'

Caliper – tool for precise measurement. Vernier scale gives extra accuracy. 'Caliper grabs the exact size.'

卡尺 – 精密测量工具。游标尺提供额外精度。'卡尺夹出精确尺寸。'

Mass vs. weight – mass in kg, weight in N. 'Weigh yourself in newtons on the moon!'

质量与重量 – 质量用千克，重量用牛顿。'在月球上你的体重是牛顿！'

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7. Design Process: From Idea to Prototype | 设计流程：从创意到原型

Design brief – a description of the problem and what the solution must do. 'Brief = briefing – the mission statement.'

设计简报 – 描述问题和解决方案必须满足的条件。'简报就像任务说明。'

Specification – detailed list of requirements (size, weight, materials, cost). 'Spec list out specific details.'

规格 – 详细要求列表(尺寸、重量、材料、成本)。'规格列出具体细节。'

Prototype – a first working model. 'Proto = first, like prototype is the alpha version.'

原型 – 第一个可工作的模型。'Proto第一，原型就是初始版。'

Iteration – repeating steps to refine a design. 'Iteration = again and again improvement.'

迭代 – 重复步骤完善设计。'迭代＝一次次改进。'

Evaluation – judging how well a product meets the specification. 'Evaluate after you make.'

评估 – 判断产品符合规格的程度。'制作后评估。'

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8. Health and Safety: Essential Words | 健康与安全：必要词汇

PPE – Personal Protective Equipment: goggles, gloves, apron. 'PPE protects you personally.'

个人防护装备 – 护目镜、手套、围裙等。'PPE保护个人。'

Risk assessment – identifying what could cause harm and how to control it. 'Assess before you start.'

风险评估 – 识别可能造成伤害的因素及控制措施。'开工前先评估。'

Hazard – something with potential to cause harm (sharp blade, hot soldering iron). 'Hazard – "has" danger.'

危险源 – 可能造成伤害的事物(锋利刀片、热烙铁)。'危险源就藏着危险。'

Fume extraction – removing harmful gases when soldering. 'Fumes fly away with extraction.'

排烟 – 焊接时抽走有害气体。'排烟将烟抽走。'

Machine guard – a shield to prevent contact with moving parts. 'Guard is like a goalkeeper – blocks danger.'

机器防护罩 – 防止接触运动部件的护罩。'防护罩像守门员，阻挡危险。'

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9. Structures and Stability: Terms to Know | 结构与稳定性：需知术语

Strut – a structural member in compression (being pushed). 'Strut pushes back against a load.'

压杆 – 受压的结构件(被推)。'压杆顶住负荷。'

Tie – a member in tension (being pulled). 'Tie hangs tight under tension.'

拉杆 – 受拉的结构件(被拉)。'拉杆在张力下拉紧。'

Triangulation – using triangles to make frameworks rigid. 'Triangles make structures tough.'

三角加固 – 用三角形使框架坚固。'三角形让结构强韧。'

Centre of gravity – the point where weight is balanced. Lower centre = more stable. 'Low centre of gravity is like a wide stance.'

重心 – 重量平衡点。重心越低越稳。'低重心如同宽站姿。'

Load – the force applied to a structure (live load, dead load). 'Load bears down on the structure.'

载荷 – 作用在结构上的力(活载、静载)。'载荷压在结构上。'

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10. Smart Study Tips for Engineering Words | 工程词汇学习技巧

Flashcards with sketches – draw a simple diagram next to each term. Your brain remembers pictures faster than text.

带草图的抽认卡 – 每个术语旁画简图。大脑记图比记文字更快。

Group opposites – pair tension/compression, series/parallel, ferrous/non-ferrous. Opposites stick together in memory.

分组对立词 – 将拉力/压力、串联/并联、黑色/有色金属配对。对立在记忆中粘在一起。

Use the word in a safety rule – e.g., 'Wear goggles to shield eyes from hazards.' Creating rules embeds meaning.

用在安全规则里 – 如'戴护目镜防危险源伤眼'。制定规则会嵌入含义。

Make acronyms – 'PPE', 'FLE' (lever classes), 'V=IR'. Mnemonics reduce memory load.

编缩略词 – 'PPE'、'FLE'(杠杆分类)、'V=IR'。助记符减轻记忆负担。

Say it, build it, test it – hands-on activities link words to real objects, making terms unforgettable.

说、做、测 – 动手实践将词汇与实物连接，让术语难以忘怀。

Published by TutorHao | Engineering Revision Series | aleveler.com

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