📚 Year 7 SQA Drama: Vocabulary Quick Memorisation Guide | 七年级SQA戏剧：词汇术语速记指南
Welcome to your quick guide to mastering key drama terms for the SQA Year 7 (S1) course. Understanding these words will boost your confidence in practical workshops, written evaluations, and creative projects. This guide pairs each English term with its Chinese equivalent and an easy-to-remember explanation.
欢迎阅读七年级SQA戏剧关键术语速记指南。掌握这些词汇将帮助你在实践工作坊、书面评价和创作项目中更加自信。本指南为每个英文术语提供了对应的中文翻译和简单易记的解释。
1. Stage Areas and Directions | 舞台区域与方位
Stage Areas and Directions help actors know where to move. The acting area is divided into sections based on the performer's perspective facing the audience.
舞台区域与方位帮助演员了解移动位置。表演区域根据演员面向观众时的角度进行划分。
Downstage (DS): The part of the stage closest to the audience. It is called 'down' because traditionally stages were raked (slanted) downwards towards the audience.
下舞台（DS）：最靠近观众的舞台区域。称为“下”是因为传统舞台向观众方向倾斜，前低后高。
Upstage (US): The area farthest from the audience. Historically, it was higher due to the rake.
上舞台（US）：离观众最远的区域。由于舞台倾斜，此处位置更高，故称“上”。
Centre Stage (CS): The middle of the acting area.
中舞台（CS）：表演区的正中央。
Stage Left (SL) and Stage Right (SR): Directions from the actor's point of view when facing the audience. Stage left is the actor's left; stage right is the actor's right.
舞台左侧（SL）与舞台右侧（SR）：演员面向观众时，以演员自己的左右为准。舞台左侧即演员的左手边，舞台右侧为右手边。
Wings: The offstage areas just to the left and right of the stage, hidden from the audience by curtains or flats.
侧翼：舞台左右两侧的后台区域，被幕布或景片遮挡，观众看不见。
2. Acting and Improvisation | 表演与即兴创作
Acting skills form the core of Year 7 drama. These terms describe how you create and develop performances without a fixed script.
表演技巧是七年级戏剧的核心。以下术语描述如何在没有固定剧本的情况下创作和发展表演。
Improvisation (Improv): Spontaneous, unscripted acting where performers create scenes on the spot using a given stimulus.
即兴创作（即兴表演）：在没有剧本的情况下，表演者根据给定素材当场创作的即兴表演。
Freeze Frame: A still image created by stopping the action, like a photograph. Actors hold their positions to show a key moment or emotion.
定格画面：通过停止动作创造的静止图像，就像一张照片。演员保持姿势来展示关键时刻或情绪。
Thought-Tracking: A technique where the actor speaks their character's inner thoughts aloud during a freeze or moment of stillness.
思维追踪：演员在定格或静止时刻，说出角色内心想法的技巧。
Mime: Acting without words, using only body movement, gesture, and facial expression to convey meaning.
默剧：不使用语言，仅通过身体动作、手势和面部表情传达意义的表演。
3. Characterisation | 角色塑造
Creating a believable character is a key skill. These terms relate to how you build a role.
塑造可信的角色是一项关键技能。以下术语与角色塑造的方式有关。
Hot-Seating: An activity where one performer sits in role and answers questions from others to develop their character's background and motivation.
热座提问：一名表演者以角色身份坐好，回答其他人的提问，以丰富角色的背景和动机。
Role on the Wall: Drawing an outline of a figure on paper and writing inside or around it the character's feelings, traits, and experiences.
角色墙：在纸上画出人物轮廓，并在轮廓内外写下角色的感受、特点和经历。
Motivation: Why a character behaves in a certain way; it drives their actions and reactions.
动机：角色以某种方式行事的原因；它驱动着角色的行动和反应。
Vocal Quality: The sound of the character's voice, including pitch, pace, volume, and tone.
声音特质：角色声音的特点，包括音高、语速、音量和语气。
4. Body Language and Voice | 肢体语言与声音
Effective communication on stage relies on non-verbal signals and vocal expression.
舞台上的有效沟通依赖于非语言信号和声音表达。
Posture: The way a character holds their body; it can reveal confidence, age, mood, or status.
姿态：角色保持身体的方式；可以展现自信、年龄、情绪或社会地位。
Gesture: A movement of the hand, arm, or head to express meaning or emotion.
手势：手、手臂或头部的动作，用以表达含义或情感。
Facial Expression: How the face shows what the character is thinking or feeling (e.g., raising eyebrows, smiling).
面部表情：面部表现角色想法或感受的方式（如扬眉、微笑）。
Projection: Using the voice so that it can be heard clearly by the audience without shouting.
声音投射：在不大喊大叫的情况下，让声音清晰地传达给观众。
Pace and Pause: The speed of speaking and the intentional use of silence to create tension or emphasis.
语速与停顿：说话的速度以及有意识地使用静默来制造紧张感或强调重点。
5. Script and Structure | 剧本与结构
Understanding how plays are written will help you analyse and create your own scenes.
理解剧本的写作方式将有助于你分析和创作自己的场景。
Dialogue: The spoken words between two or more characters.
对白：两个或更多角色之间的口头交流。
Monologue: A long speech by one character, either alone or to others, revealing their thoughts.
独白：一个角色的长篇讲话，可以独自一人或面对他人，用以揭示思想。
Duologue: A scene or whole play for two actors.
双人对白：由两名演员表演的场景或整部剧。
Scene: A subdivision of an act, usually set in one location.
场：一幕中的细分部分，通常设定在一个地点。
Stage Directions: Instructions in the script that describe setting, movement, and delivery (often in italics).
舞台指示：剧本中描述布景、动作和说白方式的指令（通常以斜体字标注）。
6. Drama Forms and Styles | 戏剧形式与风格
Drama can take many forms. Recognising these helps you understand what you are watching or creating.
戏剧有多种形式。认识这些形式有助于你理解所观看或创作的内容。
Physical Theatre: Performance that prioritises movement and physical expression, sometimes more than spoken words.
肢体剧：优先考虑动作和身体表现力的演出，有时比言语更重要。
Narration: Telling a story directly to the audience, often by a narrator who comments on the action.
叙述：直接向观众讲故事，通常由一位叙述者评论动作。
Commedia dell'Arte: A historical Italian comedy style using masks, stock characters, and improvised plots.
即兴喜剧：一种历史悠久的意大利喜剧形式，使用面具、定型角色和即兴情节。
Forum Theatre: An interactive form where the audience can stop the action and suggest changes, often to explore social issues.
论坛剧场：一种互动形式，观众可以暂停剧情并提出改变建议，常用于探讨社会议题。
7. Technical Theatre: Lights, Sound, Set | 技术剧场：灯光、音效与布景
Behind the scenes, technical elements create atmosphere and support the storytelling.
在幕后，技术元素营造氛围并支持故事讲述。
Set: The physical surroundings on stage, like furniture, backdrops, and levels.
布景：舞台上的实体环境，如家具、背景幕和不同高度平台。
Props (Properties): Objects used by actors during performance, e.g., a book, a sword, a phone.
道具：演员在表演中使用的物品，例如书、剑、电话。
Blackout: A sudden complete extinguishing of stage lights, often used to end a scene or create a dramatic moment.
暗场：舞台灯光突然全部熄灭，常用于结束场景或制造戏剧性时刻。
Sound Effect (SFX): A recorded or live sound used to create mood or represent an offstage event (e.g., thunder, doorbell).
音效：录制或现场产生的声音，用于营造氛围或表现后台事件（如雷声、门铃）。
8. Costume and Make-up | 服装与化妆
A character's appearance gives the audience instant clues about who they are.
角色的外貌能立即告诉观众他们是谁。
Costume: The clothing worn by an actor to represent a character's period, status, personality, or occupation.
戏服：演员所穿的代表角色时代、地位、性格或职业的服装。
Make-up: Products applied to the face to change appearance, enhance features, or create special effects.
化妆：涂在脸部的产品，用于改变面容、突出特征或制造特效。
Mask: A covering for all or part of the face, used in many drama traditions (e.g., Greek, Commedia) to hide identity or create exaggerated features.
面具：遮住全部或部分脸部的覆盖物，用于许多戏剧传统（如希腊戏剧、即兴喜剧）来隐藏身份或创造夸张特征。
9. Rehearsal and Production Process | 排练与制作流程
Creating a performance involves structured stages. Knowing these terms shows you understand professional theatre practice.
创作演出涉及有序的阶段。了解这些术语表明你理解专业剧场实践。
Rehearsal: A practice session where actors work on scenes, blocking, and character development.
排练：演员练习场景、走位和角色发展的练习环节。
Blocking: The planned movement and positioning of actors on stage, usually decided by the director.
走位：演员在舞台上有计划的移动和定位，通常由导演决定。
Run-through: Performing the whole piece without stopping to fix minor errors, to test pacing and flow.
联排：不停顿地表演整个作品，以检验节奏和流畅度，暂不纠正小错误。
Tech Rehearsal: A rehearsal focusing on technical elements like lighting, sound, and set changes.
技术排练：重点练习灯光、音效和布景变换等技术
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