📚 Summer Prep and Bridging Course for Year 7 SQA Science | Year 7 SQA 科学暑期预习与衔接课程
Transitioning from primary school to secondary science under the SQA curriculum can feel like a big step. This summer bridging course is designed to help you review key ideas from primary science and preview the topics, skills and ways of thinking you will encounter in Year 7 (S1) Science. By working through these sections, you will build confidence, develop scientific habits and get a head start on understanding the big ideas that shape our world.
从小学过渡到中学，学习 SQA 科学课程可能感觉是一大步。这个暑期衔接课程旨在帮助你复习小学科学的关键概念，并预览在 Year 7（S1 科学）中将会遇到的主题、技能和思维方式。通过完成这些内容，你将建立自信，养成科学习惯，并在理解塑造我们世界的大思想方面抢占先机。
1. Understanding SQA Science in Year 7 | 理解 Year 7 SQA 科学
In Scotland, secondary science follows the Curriculum for Excellence (CfE). In S1 (the equivalent of Year 7 in England), you will study a broad range of topics across biology, chemistry and physics, often through interdisciplinary units. The SQA experiences and outcomes for this level focus on developing your inquiry skills, scientific knowledge and understanding of the world around you.
在苏格兰，中学科学遵循卓越课程 (CfE)。在 S1（相当于英格兰的 Year 7），你将通过学习跨学科单元来研究涵盖生物学、化学和物理学的广泛主题。这一级别的 SQA 体验与成果着重于培养你的探究技能、科学知识以及对周围世界的理解。
Unlike primary school, you will spend more time in dedicated science labs, use Bunsen burners and glassware, and be expected to write more structured lab reports. The goal is not just to learn facts, but to think and work like a scientist. This bridging course will introduce you to those expectations gently.
与小学不同，你将在专门的科学实验室花更多时间，使用本生灯和玻璃器皿，并被要求撰写更有条理的实验报告。目标不仅仅是学习事实，而是像科学家一样思考和工作。本衔接课程将温和地引导你了解这些期望。
2. The Scientific Method: Asking Questions | 科学方法：提出问题
Science begins with curiosity. You might wonder why the sky is blue, how plants make food, or what happens when you mix baking soda and vinegar. In S1, you will learn to turn these wonderings into investigable questions. A good scientific question is clear, focused and can be tested through an experiment or research.
科学始于好奇心。你可能会好奇天空为什么是蓝色的，植物如何制造食物，或者小苏打和醋混合后会发生什么。在 S1，你将学习把这些好奇转化为可探究的问题。一个好的科学问题是清晰、聚焦的，并能通过实验或研究来检验。
For example, instead of asking 'Why is the plant sick?', you might ask 'How does the amount of light affect the growth of cress seedlings?' This shift helps you design a fair investigation. During your summer prep, practise observing your surroundings and writing down three questions a day. Then think about how you could find the answers.
例如，与其问“为什么植物生病了？”，不如问“光照量如何影响水芹幼苗的生长？”这种转变有助于你设计一个公平的探究。在暑期预习期间，练习观察周围环境，每天写下三个问题。然后思考如何找到答案。
3. Planning Investigations and Variables | 设计探究与变量
Once you have a question, the next step is to plan a fair test. In science, a fair test means changing only one thing at a time, keeping everything else the same. The factor you change is called the independent variable, the factor you measure or observe is the dependent variable, and all the things you keep the same are control variables.
一旦你有了一个问题，下一步就是设计一个公平的测试。在科学中，公平测试意味着每次只改变一个因素，其他所有条件保持不变。你改变的因素称为自变量，你测量或观察的因素称为因变量，所有保持不变的因素称为控制变量。
Here is a simple table to help you remember variable types using a common experiment: testing how temperature affects the rate at which sugar dissolves in water.
这里有一个简单的表格，通过一个常见实验帮助你记住变量类型：测试温度如何影响糖在水中溶解的速度。
| Variable Type | Example | 中文解释 |
| Independent (change) | Temperature of water | 自变量（改变） |
| Dependent (measure) | Time taken for sugar to dissolve | 因变量（测量） |
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