Year 7 WJEC Music: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | 七年级 WJEC 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 WJEC Music: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | 七年级 WJEC 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

Learning music is like unlocking a secret code full of Italian words, symbols and special directions. This guide turns every tricky term into a quick memory trick so you can read, write and talk about music with confidence. We focus exactly on the vocabulary you need for Year 7 WJEC Music, pairing every English explanation with a Chinese translation to make the key terms stick.

学习音乐就像解锁一套充满意大利词汇、符号和特殊指令的密码。这本指南把每一个让人头疼的术语都变成好记的口诀，让你自信地读谱、写谱、讨论音乐。我们紧扣七年级 WJEC 音乐需要掌握的词汇，每个英文解释都配有中文翻译，确保这些关键词汇牢牢印在脑海里。

1. Dynamics and Expression | 力度与表情

Dynamics tell performers how loudly or softly to play. Most dynamic markings come from Italian abbreviations, and they can change gradually or suddenly. The two core words are piano (soft) and forte (loud), often shortened to p and f.

力度记号告诉演奏者应该用多大的音量演奏。大多数力度记号都是意大利语缩写，它们可以逐渐变化，也可以突然改变。最核心的两个词是 piano（弱）和 forte（强），通常缩写为 p 和 f。

Memory trick: think of piano as a gentle, quiet press of a key – like tip-toeing. Picture forte as a strong fort door slamming – loud and bold. The more ps or fs you see, the more extreme the volume.

记忆法：把 piano 想象成轻轻的、安静的按键动作——就像踮着脚尖走路。把 forte 想象成堡垒的大门猛然关上——响亮而有力。你看到的 p 或 f 越多，音量就越极端。

Gradual changes use crescendo (getting louder) and diminuendo/decrescendo a hairpin symbol opening up for crescendo (<) and closing for diminuendo (>). Think 'crescendo = increase' and 'diminuendo = diminish'.

力度渐变使用 crescendo（渐强）和 diminuendo/decrescendo（渐弱）。可以想象发夹形状的符号：开口渐强（<），闭口渐弱（>）。记住 'crescendo' 像声音在“增长”，'diminuendo' 像在“减小”。

2. Tempo and Speed | 速度与节拍

Tempo markings set the speed of the music. Almost all are Italian words that describe a mood or a walking style. A metronome mark gives a precise beats-per-minute number, but the Italian term tells you the character of the speed.

速度标记决定音乐的快慢。几乎都是用来描绘情绪或行走方式的意大利词语。节拍器标记会给出精确的每分钟拍数，但意大利术语能传达出速度的性格。

Link each term to a vivid image: Largo (very slow) – imagine a large, heavy tortoise stretching out. Adagio (slow, leisurely) – think 'at ease'. Andante (walking pace) – picture strolling calmly. Moderato (moderate) – a normal steady step. Allegro (fast, cheerful) – sounds like 'allegro' in 'allegro joy'. Vivace (lively) – full of life, 'vivacious'. Presto (very fast) – a magician saying 'presto!' and things vanish instantly.

把每个术语和生动的画面挂钩：Largo（广板，很慢）—— 想象一只巨大的、行动缓慢的乌龟伸展开来。Adagio（柔板，从容的）—— 想着“安逸自在”。Andante（行板，步行速度）—— 想象悠闲地散步。Moderato（中板，中速）—— 平稳正常的步伐。Allegro（快板，快速愉快）—— 听起来像“allegro”中的快乐。Vivace（活板，充满活力）—— 生机勃勃。Presto（急板，非常快）—— 魔术师说“变变变！”东西瞬间消失。

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3. Articulation: How Notes Are Played | 演奏法：音符的触键

Articulation describes how a note is attacked and connected. Changing articulation can completely transform the character of a melody. The most common types are staccato, legato, accent and tenuto.

演奏法描述音符如何起奏和连接。改变演奏法可以彻底改变旋律的性格。最常见的类型是断奏、连奏、重音和保持音。

Staccato (short and detached) is shown by a dot above or below the note. Imagine a bouncing ball or tapping a hot surface – you pull away quickly. Legato (smooth and connected) uses a curved slur line. Think of a legato phrase as a string of pearls, perfectly linked. Accent (>) means stressing the note; picture a hammer hitting firmly. Tenuto (held, sustained) is a short line over the note – hold that note for its full value, like pressing down with a little extra weight.

Staccato（断奏，短促分离）用音符上方或下方的小圆点表示。想象一个弹跳的皮球，或者轻触烫手的东西后迅速缩回。Legato（连奏，平滑连贯）用一条弯曲的连线表示。把连奏乐句想象成一串珍珠，完美相连。Accent（重音，>）表示强调某个音；就像锤子坚定地敲下去。Tenuto（保持音）是音符上的一条短线——要充分保持该音的时值，好像用手指带着一点额外的力度按住不放。

Combine them in a phrase: 'Play staccato like sharp raindrops, legato like a smooth ribbon, and accent like a bold step.' This will help you remember how each one feels.

把这些用在乐句中：“断奏像锐利的雨点，连奏像光滑的丝带，重音像果断的步伐。”这样你就能记住每种奏法的感觉。

4. Rhythm and Note Values | 节奏与音符时值

Rhythm is the pattern of long and short sounds. In the UK, we use names like semibreve, minim, crotchet, quaver and semiquaver. Knowing their shapes and beat values is essential for reading and writing music accurately.

节奏是长短声音组合而成的模式。在英国，我们使用全音符、二分音符、四分音符、八分音符和十六分音符等名称。熟悉它们的形状和拍值，是准确读写乐谱的基础。

Think of a semibreve as the whole cake – it lasts 4 beats and looks like a hollow oval with no stem. A minim is half the cake, worth 2 beats, looking like a hollow note with a stem. A crotchet is one quarter, 1 beat, with a filled notehead and a stem. A quaver is an eighth, half a beat, with a stem and a single flag or beam. A semiquaver is a sixteenth, a quarter beat, with two flags or a double beam. The corresponding rests mirror these durations in silence.

把全音符想象成一整个蛋糕——它持续4拍，形状像一个没有符干的空心椭圆。二分音符是半个蛋糕，值2拍，空心符头加一根符干。四分音符是四分之一，1拍，实心符头加符干。八分音符是八分之一，半拍，一根符干加一个符尾或一条横梁。十六分音符是十六分之一，四分之一拍，两个符尾或两条横梁。相应的休止符则在无声中对应这些时值。

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