📚 Year 7 WJEC Computer Science: Integrated Cross-Curricular Exercises | Year 7 WJEC 计算机：跨学科综合题型训练
Cross-curricular exercises are an exciting part of the Year 7 WJEC Computer Science course. They challenge you to apply computing knowledge in mathematics, science experiments, map reading, creative design and more. By solving integrated problems, you develop computational thinking skills that are essential not only for exams but also for real-world digital literacy.
跨学科练习是七年级 WJEC 计算机科学课程中令人兴奋的一部分。它们要求你将计算机知识应用到数学、科学实验、地图阅读、创意设计等场景中。通过解决综合问题，你将培养计算思维能力，这对考试和现实世界的数字素养都至关重要。
1. Mathematics – Binary and Denary Conversions | 数学——二进制与十进制转换
01₂ is converted to denary by calculating: 1×2³ + 1×2² + 0×2¹ + 1×2⁰ = 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 13.
在计算机科学中，二进制数（基数为2）是基础。每一位数字代表2的幂。例如，二进制数1101₂ 转换为十进制，计算方法为：1×2³ + 1×2² + 0×2¹ + 1×2⁰ = 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 13。
Try converting the following binary numbers to denary: 1010₂ and 1111₂. (Answers: 10 and 15)
尝试将以下二进制数转换为十进制：1010₂ 和 1111₂。（答案：10 和 15）
To convert denary to binary, repeatedly divide by 2 and record the remainders. Read the remainders in reverse order. For instance, 25 in denary becomes 11001₂.
要将十进制转换为二进制，重复除以2并记录余数，然后反向读取余数。例如，十进制25转换为二进制为11001₂。
ight to left: 1+1=10 (0 carry 1), 0+1+carry1=10 (0 carry 1), 1+0+carry1=10. Result: 1000₂.
现在用跨学科的数学技能练习二进制加法：101₂ + 011₂。对齐数字，从右向左相加：1+1=10（写0进1），0+1+进1=10（写0进1），1+0+进1=10。结果：1000₂。
| Binary / 二进制 | Denary / 十进制 | Power of 2 / 2的幂 |
|---|---|---|
| 1₂ | 1 | 2⁰ |
| 10₂ | 2 | 2¹ |
| 100₂ | 4 | 2² |
| 1000₂ | 8 | 2³ |
2. Science – Data Logging with Sensors | 科学——使用传感器进行数据记录
A science experiment often uses sensors connected to a computer. For example, you might monitor the temperature of cooling water every minute. A simple algorithm in pseudocode can help automate data collection.
科学实验经常使用连接到计算机的传感器。例如，你可能每分钟监测一次冷却水的温度。用伪代码编写的简单算法有助于自动收集数据。
Pseudocode for temperature logging: REPEAT every minute, READ temperature from sensor, STORE value in an array named 'tempData', UNTIL 30 minutes have passed. Then SAVE 'tempData' to a file.
温度记录伪代码：每分钟重复，从传感器读取温度，将数值存入名为'tempData'的数组，直到30分钟过去。然后将'tempData'保存到文件。
Cross-curricular skill: In science, you must calibrate the sensor and understand units (°C). The collected data can be plotted as a line graph using spreadsheet software, linking computing with data presentation in science.
跨学科技能：在科学中，你必须校准传感器并理解单位（℃）。收集到的数据可以用电子表格软件绘制成折线图，将计算与科学中的数据展示联系起来。
ead value → Store in list → Increment timer → If timer < 30 minutes, loop back; else Stop.
为这个记录过程设计流程图：开始 → 初始化传感器 → 设置计时器 → 读取数值 → 存入列表 → 计时器递增 → 如果计时器 < 30分钟，则返回循环；否则停止。
3. Geography – Coordinates and Pathfinding | 地理——坐标与寻路算法
Programming robots or characters on a grid uses map-reading skills. A robot starts at coordinate (1,2) and needs to reach (4,5). It understands four commands: MoveEast, MoveWest, MoveNorth, MoveSouth.
在网格上对机器人或角色编程需要地图阅读技能。一个机器人从坐标 (1,2) 出发，需要到达 (4,5)。它理解四个命令：东移、西移、北移、南移。
This moves from x=1 to x=4 (3 steps east) and y=2 to y=5 (3 steps north). Total steps = 6.
一组命令序列可以是：东移3，北移3。这将从x=1移动到x=4（向东3步），从y=2到y=5（向北3步）。总计6步。
If there is an obstacle at (2,3), rethink the path: MoveEast 1, MoveNorth 3, MoveEast 2. That avoids the blocked square. This exercise combines geography grid references with algorithmic sequencing.
如果 (2,3) 处有障碍，重新规划路径：东移1，北移3，东移2。这样避开了受阻方格。这个练习将地理网格坐标与算法顺序安排结合起来。
Calculate the Manhattan distance between start and target: |4-1| + |5-2| = 3 + 3 = 6. The shortest possible path length equals this distance if no obstacles exist.
计算起点和目标之间的曼哈顿距离：|4-1| + |5-2| = 3 + 3 = 6。如果没有障碍，最短路径长度等于这个距离。
4. English – Writing Algorithm Explanations and Pseudocode Comments | 英语——撰写算法解释与伪代码注释
Clear communication is vital in computing. When you write pseudocode, adding comments explains the purpose of each step. In WJEC tasks, you may be asked to annotate code in plain English.
清晰的沟通在计算机中至关重要。当你编写伪代码时，添加注释可以解释每一步的目的。在WJEC任务中，你可能需要用简洁的英语为代码添加注释。
1 to 5; INPUT number; total = total + number; END FOR; PRINT total/5. A comment could be: '// Calculate average of five entered numbers'.
没有注释的伪代码示例：ET total = 0; FOR i = 1 to 5; INPUT number; total = total + number; END FOR; PRINT total/5。注释可以是：'// 计算五个输入数字的平均值'。
Cross-curricular English skills involve using precise vocabulary, correct grammar, and logical flow. Write a full-sentence description of this algorithm: 'The programme asks the user for five numbers, adds them together, and then divides the sum by five to display the average.'
跨学科的英语技能包括使用精确的词汇、正确的语法和逻辑流程。用完整的句子描述这个算法：'该程序要求用户输入五个数字，将它们相加，然后将总和除以五以显示平均值。'
Now, add meaningful comments to a sorting algorithm in pseudocode. For each line, explain why the step is needed. This practice enhances your technical writing ability.
现在，为伪代码中的排序算法添加有意义的注释。对每一行，解释为什么需要这个步骤。这个练习能提高你的技术写作能力。
5. History – Sorting a Timeline of Computing Devices | 历史——计算设备时间线排序
The history of computing devices stretches back thousands of years. In this cross-curricular task, you connect historical knowledge with technology evolution. Sort the following devices by their invention dates.
计算设备的历史可以追溯到数千年前。在这个跨学科任务中，你将历史知识与技术演变联系起来。按发明日期对以下设备进行排序。
| Device / 设备 | Year / 年份 | Key Feature / 关键特征 |
|---|---|---|
| Abacus | c. 2700 BC | Manual beads for arithmetic |
| Analytical Engine | 1837 | Designed by Charles Babbage, first general-purpose computer concept |
| ENIAC | 1946 | First electronic general-purpose computer |
| Personal Computer (IBM PC) | 1981 | Brought computing to homes and offices |
| Smartphone | 2007 (iPhone launch) | Converged phone, internet, and apps |
After sorting, describe how one device influenced later technology. For instance, the Analytical Engine introduced the concept of programmable operations, which is the basis of all modern computers.
排序之后，描述一个设备如何影响了后来的技术。例如，分析机引入了可编程操作的概念，这是所有现代计算机的基础。
6. Art – Pixel Art and Colour Encoding | 艺术——像素艺术与颜色编码
Digital images are made of pixels. In art class, you might design a pixel pattern, while in computer science you learn how colours are stored using numbers. Each pixel can be represented by RGB values or a hexadecimal code like #FFA500 for orange.
数字图像由像素组成。在艺术课上，你可能设计像素图案，而在计算机科学中你学习如何使用数字存储颜色。每个像素可以用RGB值或像#FFA500（橙色）这样的十六进制代码来表示。
0110 (a diamond). Using 1 bit per pixel, the total storage is 4 × 4 = 16 bits, or 2 bytes.
考虑一个简单的4×4黑白图标。如果黑色 = 1，白色 = 0，图案行可能是：0110, 1001, 1001, 0110（一个菱形）。每个像素使用1比特，总存储量为4 × 4 = 16比特，即2字节。
ld be 4 × 4 × 3 = 48 bytes. This links art design to mathematical calculations of storage.
对于每个像素使用3字节（红、绿、蓝）的彩色4×4图像，文件大小将为4 × 4 × 3 = 48字节。这连接了艺术设计与存储的数学计算。
Use a grid to design your initials in two colours. Write the binary pattern and calculate the size in bytes. Then estimate how many such images could fit in a 1 MB storage space.
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