📚 Year 7 WJEC Geography: Key Terms Memorisation Guide | 七年级WJEC地理：关键词汇记忆指南
Geography in Year 7 introduces you to a whole new language for describing our planet. From the shape of coastlines to the forces that move continents, every term tells a story. Mastering these keywords early makes map reading, fieldwork, and exam questions much easier.
七年级地理为你打开了一扇描述我们星球的全新语言之门。从海岸线的形状到推动大陆移动的力量，每个术语都讲述着一个故事。尽早掌握这些关键词，会让地图阅读、野外考察和考试答题变得轻松许多。
1. Physical Geography | 自然地理
Physical geography focuses on the natural features and processes on Earth, such as mountains, rivers, and weather. It asks how landscapes are formed and how they change over time.
自然地理学关注地球的自然特征和过程，比如山脉、河流和天气。它研究地貌如何形成，以及如何随时间变化。
Landform – A natural feature of the Earth's surface, like a valley or cliff.
地貌 – 地球表面的一种自然特征，如山谷或悬崖。
Erosion – The wearing away of land by water, wind, or ice.
侵蚀 – 水、风或冰对陆地的磨损。
Weathering – The breaking down of rocks in place, without movement.
风化 – 岩石在原地被分解，不发生移动。
2. Human Geography | 人文地理
Human geography studies how people interact with the environment and organise themselves in places. It includes topics like settlements, trade, and population.
人文地理学研究人类如何与环境互动，以及如何在空间中组织自己。它涵盖定居点、贸易和人口等主题。
Settlement – A place where people live, from a village to a city.
聚落 – 人们居住的地方，从村庄到城市。
Migration – The movement of people from one place to another for living.
迁移 – 人们为了生活从一个地方搬到另一个地方。
Urbanisation – An increase in the percentage of people living in towns and cities.
城市化 – 居住在城镇和都市的人口比例增加的过程。
3. Map Skills | 地图技能
Reading maps is a core geography skill. You need to know direction, scale, and symbols to find your way and describe locations accurately.
阅读地图是地理学的核心技能。你需要了解方向、比例尺和图例，才能准确找到路线并描述地点。
Compass Rose – A diagram showing the four cardinal directions: North, East, South, West.
罗盘玫瑰 – 显示四个基本方向（北、东、南、西）的图。
Scale – The relationship between distance on the map and real distance on the ground.
比例尺 – 地图上的距离与地面上实际距离之间的关系。
Grid Reference – A set of coordinates used to locate a specific square on a map.
网格坐标 – 用于定位地图上特定方格的一组坐标。
4. Weather and Climate | 天气与气候
Weather is what happens in the atmosphere day to day, while climate is the average weather over many years. Knowing the difference helps you understand patterns like rainfall and temperature changes.
天气是指大气每天的瞬时状态，气候则是多年天气的平均状况。了解两者的区别有助于你理解降雨和温度变化的模式。
Precipitation – Any form of water falling from clouds: rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
降水 – 从云层降落到地面的各种形式的水：雨、雪、冻雨或冰雹。
Temperature – How hot or cold the atmosphere is, measured in degrees Celsius (°C).
气温 – 大气的冷热程度，用摄氏度（°C）测量。
Climate Graph – A chart that shows average monthly temperature and rainfall for a place.
气候图 – 显示某地月平均气温和降雨量的图表。
5. Rivers and Coasts | 河流与海岸
Rivers shape valleys, and coasts are shaped by waves. In Year 7, you learn about the journey of a river from source to mouth, and how waves build beaches or destroy cliffs.
河流塑造了山谷，海岸则被波浪塑造。七年级课程会带你了解河流从源头到入海口的旅程，以及海浪如何建造沙滩或侵蚀悬崖。
Source – The starting point of a river, usually in high ground or hills.
源头 – 河流的起点，通常位于高地或丘陵。
Mouth – The place where a river flows into a lake, sea, or ocean.
河口 – 河流注入湖泊、海洋或大洋的地方。
Longshore Drift – The movement of sand and pebbles along a coast by waves.
沿岸漂移 – 波浪推动沙子和鹅卵石沿海岸移动的过程。
6. Tectonic Processes | 构造运动
The Earth's crust is broken into plates that move slowly. These movements cause earthquakes and volcanoes, often near plate boundaries.
地壳分裂成许多缓慢移动的板块。这些运动往往在板块边界附近引发地震和火山活动。
Plate Boundary – The edge where two tectonic plates meet.
板块边界 – 两个构造板块相接的边缘。
Magma – Hot, melted rock beneath the Earth's surface.
岩浆 – 地表以下炽热熔融的岩石。
Seismic Waves – Energy waves that travel through the Earth during an earthquake.
地震波 – 地震时穿过地球内部传播的能量波。
7. Ecosystems and Environment | 生态系统与环境
An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals, and the physical environment they live in. Sustainable use of resources means protecting these systems for the future.
生态系统是由植物、动物及其生存环境组成的共同体。可持续利用资源意味着为未来保护这些系统。
Habitat – The natural home of a plant or animal.
栖息地 – 动植物生存的自然家园。
Food Chain – A line of organisms where each is eaten by the next.
食物链 – 一系列生物，其中每个都被下一个所食用的链条。
Sustainability – Using resources in a way that does not harm future generations.
可持续性 – 以不损害后代的方式利用资源。
8. Population and Settlement | 人口与聚落
Settlements grow for different reasons, such as access to water, flat land, or trade routes. The pattern of where people live can tell us a lot about a region.
聚落因不同原因而发展，例如便于取水、拥有平坦土地或位于贸易路线上。人们的居住分布模式可以告诉我们许多关于一个地区的信息。
Population Density – The number of people living per square kilometre.
人口密度 – 每平方公里居住的人口数量。
Site – The exact land on which a settlement is built.
选址 – 聚落建造的具体土地。
Situation – The location of a settlement in relation to its surrounding features.
区位 – 聚落相对于周围特征的位置。
9. Fieldwork Vocabulary | 野外考察词汇
Fieldwork lets you explore geography in the real world. You collect data, make observations, and then draw conclusions. Getting the vocabulary right helps you write better reports.
野外考察让你在真实世界中探索地理。你收集数据、进行观察，然后得出结论。掌握正确的词汇有助于你写出更好的报告。
Primary Data – Information you collect yourself through surveys or measurements.
一手数据 – 通过调查或测量自己收集的信息。
Secondary Data – Information gathered from books, maps, or websites.
二手数据 – 从书籍、地图或网站收集的信息。
Conclusion – A summary of what you found out from your data.
结论 – 从数据中发现的结果总结。
10. Revision Tips for Key Terms | 关键词记忆复习技巧
Memorising geography terms becomes easier when you link them to images or real examples. Try drawing diagrams for each word and saying the definition aloud. Flash cards work well for quick drill practice.
把术语与图像或真实例子联系起来，记忆地理词汇会变得更容易。可以试着为每个词画示意图，并大声说出定义。识字卡非常适合快速练习。
Use mnemonics – create a short rhyme or phrase to remember a list, like "Never Eat Shredded Wheat" for compass points.
使用记忆术 – 编一个简短的押韵句子来记住列表，比如用"你吃南方米"对应指南针的北东南西。
Teach someone else – Explaining a term to a family member or friend helps lock it in your memory.
教给别人 – 向家人或朋友解释一个术语，有助于牢牢记住它。
Visual charts – Make a concept map linking physical and human geography terms with arrows and examples.
视觉图表 – 制作概念图，用箭头和例子将自然地理和人文地理术语联系起来。
Remember, small daily practice is better than one long session. Keep a key term diary and review it regularly to build your geographical vocabulary step by step.
记住，每天短时间练习要比一次性长时间学习效果更好。准备一个关键词日记本，定期复习，逐步积累你的地理词汇量。
Published by TutorHao | Geography Revision Series | aleveler.com
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