📚 Year 7 WJEC Chemistry: Key Points for Practical Examinations | Year 7 WJEC 化学：实验/实践考核要点
Practical work forms the very heart of chemistry learning. It helps you develop essential skills such as careful observation, accurate measurement, and safe handling of equipment. This guide will walk you through the key points you need to master for your Year 7 WJEC practical assessments, building confidence in the laboratory.
实验是化学学习的核心。它帮助你培养仔细观察、精确测量和安全操作设备等关键技能。本指南将带你掌握Year 7 WJEC实践考核所需的关键要点，帮助你在实验室中建立信心。
1. Safety in the Lab | 实验室安全
Always wear safety goggles whenever you are working with chemicals, heating substances, or handling glassware. Your eyes are extremely vulnerable to splashes and fumes.
无论何时处理化学品、加热物质或操作玻璃器皿，务必佩戴护目镜。你的眼睛极易受到飞溅液和烟雾的伤害。
Tie back long hair, roll up loose sleeves, and tuck in ties or scarves to prevent them from catching fire when using a Bunsen burner.
将长发束起，卷起宽松的袖子，塞好领带或围巾，以防在使用本生灯时被引燃。
Never taste or directly smell any chemical. If instructed to smell a substance, waft the vapour towards your nose using your hand, keeping the container at a safe distance.
切勿品尝或直接闻任何化学品。如果要求闻某种物质，用手将蒸气扇向鼻子，容器保持安全距离。
Know the locations of the fire extinguisher, fire blanket, and emergency shower in your laboratory before starting any experiment.
在开始任何实验前，了解实验室中灭火器、灭火毯和紧急喷淋的位置。
Report all spills, breakages, or injuries – no matter how small – to your teacher immediately. Do not try to clean up broken glass with bare hands.
无论多微小，发生任何溢出、破损或受伤都要立即报告老师。不要空手清理碎玻璃。
2. Recognising Common Apparatus | 识别常见仪器
A beaker is a wide, straight-sided glass container used for mixing liquids, carrying out reactions, and rough volume measurements. It is not designed for precise measuring.
烧杯是一种宽口直壁的玻璃容器，用于混合液体、进行化学反应以及粗略测量体积，不用于精确计量。
A conical flask has a narrow neck and a wide flat base, making it ideal for swirling liquids without spilling. It is often used for titrations later in your studies.
锥形瓶颈细、底平宽，非常适合摇匀液体而不溅出，今后常用于滴定实验。
A measuring cylinder is a tall, narrow piece of glassware marked with a scale. It measures liquid volumes far more accurately than a beaker, so always choose it when you need a specific volume.
量筒是一种高细、带有刻度的玻璃器皿，测量液体体积比烧杯精确
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