📚 Year 7 CIE Art Vocabulary Quick Memorisation Guide | 7年级 CIE 艺术词汇速记指南
Welcome to your go-to guide for mastering essential art vocabulary in Year 7 CIE Art. Learning the language of art is the first step to expressing your ideas clearly and understanding the work of others. This bilingual guide pairs each English term with its Chinese equivalent and offers quick memory tricks, making revision feel less like a chore and more like an artist's warm-up. Keep it handy on your device or printed out as a pocket-sized companion for class and homework.
欢迎来到你的 7 年级 CIE 艺术必备词汇速记指南。学习艺术语言是清晰表达想法和理解他人作品的第一步。这份双语指南将每个英文术语与其中文对应词配对，并提供快速记忆小窍门，让复习不再像苦差事，而更像艺术家的热身。把它放在你的设备上随时查阅，或者打印成口袋大小的学习伴侣，方便上课和做作业时使用。
1. The Elements of Art | 艺术元素
The elements of art are the building blocks of every artwork. Think of them as ingredients in a recipe: line, shape, form, colour, value, texture, and space. You can remember them with the acronym "LFC VST" or simply picture a painter preparing a palette.
艺术元素是每件艺术作品的基本构成。可以把它们想象成食谱中的成分：线条、形状、形体、色彩、明度、肌理和空间。你可以用缩写 'LFC VST' 来帮助记忆，或者简单地想象一位画家正在准备调色盘。
A line is a continuous mark with length and direction, used to define edges or suggest movement. In Chinese, '线条' (xiàntiáo) is a combination of 'thread' and 'strip', as if a thread stretches across the canvas.
线条 是一条具有长度和方向的连续痕迹，用来定义边缘或暗示运动。'线条' 这个词结合了 '线' 和 '条'，就好像一根线在画布上拉伸。
Shape is a flat, enclosed area created when lines meet, like a circle or square. The Chinese word '形状' (xíngzhuàng) sounds close to 'form' and 'state', reminding you that shape is the two-dimensional outline of something.
形状 是线条相遇时形成的平面封闭区域，比如圆形或方形。中文里 '形状' 读音接近 '形' 和 '状'，让你想起形状是物体的二维轮廓。
Form adds three-dimensionality to shape; it has height, width, and depth. The Chinese term '形体' (xíngtǐ) includes the character for 'body', reinforcing the idea of a solid, tangible mass.
形体 为形状增加了三维特性；它有高度、宽度和深度。中文术语 '形体' 包含了 '体' 字，强调了坚固、可触摸的体量感。
Colour is what we see when light reflects off a surface. The word '色彩' (sècǎi) is easy to remember because 色 means colour and 彩 suggests brightness and variety.
色彩 是光线从表面反射时我们看到的东西。 '色彩' 这个词很容易记，因为 '色' 是颜色，'彩' 表示丰富和多样性。
Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a colour. In Chinese, '明度' (míngdù) literally means 'brightness degree', making it very straightforward.
明度 指颜色的明暗程度。中文里 '明度' 字面意思就是 '明亮的程度'，非常直接明了。
Texture is how a surface feels or looks like it would feel. The Chinese word '肌理' (jīlǐ) combines 'skin' and 'texture/pattern', evoking the tactile quality of a surface.
肌理 是表面的触感或视觉上看起来的质感。中文词 '肌理' 结合了 '肌'（皮肤）和 '理'（纹路），让人联想到表面的触觉特性。
Space is the area around, between, and within objects. '空间' (kōngjiān) is a common word you'll use in everyday life, so it's already familiar.
空间 是物体周围、之间和内部的区域。'空间' 是日常生活中常用的词，所以你已经很熟悉了。
2. The Principles of Design | 设计原则
The principles of design are the rules artists use to organise the elements. Remember the phrase "BUMP R CUP" for Balance, Unity, Movement, Pattern, Rhythm, Contrast, and Proportion. These principles help you decide where to place things and how to create visual interest.
设计原则是艺术家用来组织艺术元素的规则。记住 'BUMP R CUP' 这个短语，分别代表平衡、统一、运动、图案、节奏、对比和比例。这些原则帮助你决定物体的摆放位置以及如何创造视觉吸引力。
Balance is the distribution of visual weight in a work. Symmetrical balance is like a mirror image; asymmetrical balance uses different elements to achieve equilibrium. In Chinese, '平衡' (pínghéng) literally means 'level' and 'scale', which is easy to visualise.
平衡 是作品中视觉重量的分布。对称平衡就像镜像；不对称平衡则用不同的元素来达到均衡。中文里 '平衡' 字面意思是 '水平' 和 '秤'，很容易形象化。
Unity means all parts of an artwork feel like they belong together. Think of '统一' (tǒngyī), where 统 means to unite, reminding you that repetition and harmony create a sense of wholeness.
统一 意味着作品的所有部分感觉都属于一起。想到 '统一'，其中 '统' 表示联合，提醒你重复与和谐能创造出整体感。
Movement is the path the viewer's eye follows through an artwork. The Chinese '运动感' (yùndòng gǎn) translates to 'sense of movement', helping you remember it's a visual flow rather than physical motion.
运动感 是观众目光在艺术作品中跟随的路径。中文 '运动感' 就是 '运动的感觉'，有助于你记住它是一种视觉流动，而不是物理运动。
Pattern is a repeated decorative design. The word '图案' (tú'àn) is a combination of 'picture' and 'plan', as if you are designing a repeatable motif.
图案 是重复的装饰性设计。'图案' 这个词由 '图' 和 '案' 组成，好像你在设计一个可重复的母题。
Rhythm is the repetition of visual elements to create a sense of organised movement. '节奏' (jiézòu) is the same word used for music, and art rhythm works just like a musical beat.
节奏 是视觉元素的重复，以创造出有组织的运动感。'节奏' 就是音乐里用的同一个词，艺术中的节奏就像音乐节拍一样发挥作用。
Contrast shows differences between elements, such as light/dark or rough/smooth. The Chinese word '对比' (duìbǐ) breaks down to 'opposing compare', which directly suggests comparison.
对比 显示元素之间的差异，比如明与暗、粗糙与光滑。中文词 '对比' 拆开是 '对立' 和 '比较'，直接表明了比较的含义。
Proportion is the size relationship between parts of a work. '比例' (bǐlì) is already a maths term you know, so just recall that artists use it to decide how big something should be relative to others.
比例 是作品各部分之间的大小关系。'比例' 是你已经学过的数学术语，只要记得艺术家用比例来决定一个物体相对于其他物体应该有多大。
3. Drawing Techniques | 绘画技法
Whether you are sketching a still life or doodling in your sketchbook, the right technique vocabulary helps you describe and improve your mark-making. Key terms include hatching, cross-hatching, stippling, blending, and contour drawing.
无论你是在画静物素描还是在本子上随手涂鸦，正确的技法词汇都能帮你描述和改进你的笔触。关键术语包括排线、交叉排线、点画、混合和轮廓画。
Hatching uses parallel lines to build tone. In Chinese, '排线' (páixiàn) literally means 'arranged lines', a very visual description. The closer the lines, the darker the area appears.
排线 用平行线条来建立色调。中文 '排线' 字面意思是 '排列的线条'，非常形象。线条越密，区域看起来越暗。
Cross-hatching adds a second layer of lines at an angle to the first. '交叉排线' (jiāochā páixiàn) simply adds 'cross' to 'hatching', so it's easy to remember.
交叉排线 在第一层线条上加一层角度不同的线条。'交叉排线' 只是在 '排线' 前加上了 '交叉'，所以很容易记。
Stippling creates tone using lots of tiny dots. The Chinese '点画' (diǎnhuà) means 'dot drawing', which perfectly captures the technique. More dots = darker value.
点画 用大量小点来创造色调。中文 '点画' 就是 '用点来画'，完美地抓住了这种技法。点越多，明度越暗。
Blending is when you smooth out tones so there is a gradual transition, often using a finger or a blending stump. '融合' (rónghé) in Chinese means to merge or blend, making it intuitive.
混合 是指你抹匀色调，使其产生渐变过渡，通常用手指或混合笔。中文里的 '融合' 意思是融合或混合，非常直观。
Contour drawing focuses on the outline and edges of a subject. The term '轮廓画' (lúnkuò huà) uses the word for outline, so you can think of following the contours of an object with your eyes and pencil at the same time.
轮廓画 专注于对象的轮廓和边缘。'轮廓画' 用了 '轮廓' 这个词，你可以想象自己眼睛和铅笔同时沿着物体的轮廓走。
4. Colour Theory | 色彩理论
Colour theory explains how colours relate to each other. The colour wheel is your best friend here. Learn the primary, secondary, and tertiary colours, as well as warm/cool and complementary pairs. A quick mnemonic for the rainbow order is "Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain" (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet).
色彩理论解释了颜色之间的相互关系。色轮是你最好的朋友。学习原色、间色和复色，以及暖色/冷色和互补色。彩虹色顺序的一个快速记忆法是 'Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain'（红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫）。
Primary colours are red, yellow, and blue. '三原色' (sān yuán sè) means 'three source colours', because you cannot mix other colours to create them. Think of them as the original parents of all other colours.
三原色 是红色、黄色和蓝色。'三原色' 意思是 '三个源头颜色'，因为你无法用其他颜色混合出它们。可以把它们想象成所有其他颜色的原始父母。
Secondary colours are made by mixing two primaries: orange, green, and violet. In Chinese, '间色' (jiàn sè) literally means 'in-between colour', because they sit between the primaries on the wheel.
间色 由两种原色混合而成：橙色、绿色和紫色。中文 '间色' 字面意思是 '中间的颜色'，因为它们在色轮上位于原色之间。
Tertiary colours are made by mixing a primary with a secondary, giving you red-orange, yellow-green, blue-violet, etc. The '复色' (fù sè) means 'compound colour', which is a helpful reminder.
复色 由一种原色与一种间色混合而成，比如红橙、黄绿、蓝紫等。'复色' 的意思是 '复合颜色'，是一个有用的提示。
Complementary colours are opposite each other on the wheel, such as red and green. '互补色' (hùbǔ sè) directly translates to 'mutual complementary colour', and when placed side by side, they make each other appear brighter.
互补色 在色轮上彼此相对，比如红色和绿色。'互补色' 直接翻译过来就是 '互相补充的颜色'，当它们并置时，会让彼此显得更亮。
Warm colours (reds, oranges, yellows) remind us of fire and sunshine; '暖色' (nuǎn sè) uses the character for warmth. Cool colours (blues, greens, violets) suggest water and sky; '冷色' (lěng sè) has the character for cold.
暖色（红、橙、黄）让我们想起火和阳光；'暖色' 用了 '暖' 字。冷色（蓝、绿、紫）让人联想到水和天空；'冷色' 用了 '冷' 字。
Hue is the name of a colour, like red or blue. Tint is hue + white, shade is hue + black, and tone is hue + grey. The Chinese terms are very logical: 色相 (sèxiàng) for hue, 加白 (jiā bái) for tinting, 加黑 (jiā hēi) for shading, and 加灰 (jiā huī) for toning.
色相 是颜色的名称，比如红色或蓝色。加白 是色相加白色生成淡色，加黑 是色相加黑色生成暗色，加灰 是色相加灰色生成中间色调。这些中文词都很有逻辑。
5. Painting Media | 绘画媒介
Artists choose different paints depending on the effect they want. In Year 7, you will likely use watercolour, poster paint, and maybe acrylic. Each medium has its own characteristics and handling methods.
艺术家根据想要的效果选择不同的颜料。在 7 年级，你很可能会用到水彩、广告颜料，也许还有丙烯。每种媒介都有自己的特性和使用方法。
Watercolour is paint mixed with water, giving transparent, luminous washes. The Chinese '水彩' (shuǐcǎi) means 'water colour', and you can think of how the water carries the pigment like a gentle stream.
水彩 是用水调和的颜料，呈现出透明、明亮的薄涂层。中文 '水彩' 就是 '水的颜色'，你可以想象水像温柔的小溪一样带着颜料流动。
Poster paint (or tempera) is opaque and dries quickly. In Chinese, it is '广告颜料' (guǎnggào yánliào) or '招贴画颜料', reminding you it's often used for bold, graphic works.
广告颜料（或蛋彩）是不透明的，干得快。中文叫 '广告颜料' 或 '招贴画颜料'，让你想起它常用于醒目、平面化的作品。
Acrylic is a fast-drying, water-based paint that becomes waterproof when dry. '丙烯' (bǐngxī) is the phonetic translation; it's versatile and can mimic both watercolour and oil paint effects.
丙烯 是一种快干的水性颜料，干后防水。'丙烯' 是音译；它用途广泛，能模仿水彩和油画效果。
Palette is the surface where you mix colours. The Chinese '调色板' (tiáosè bǎn) breaks down as 'mix-colour board'. Always clean your palette after use to avoid muddy colours.
调色板 是你混合颜色的板面。中文 '调色板' 拆开是 '调色' 和 '板'。用完后一定要清洁调色板，避免颜色变脏。
Wash is a thin, transparent layer of paint. In Chinese, '薄涂' (bó tú) means 'thin application', and it's often used in watercolour for skies or backgrounds.
薄涂 是一层薄而透明的颜料。中文 '薄涂' 就是 '薄薄地涂'，常用于水彩画天空或背景。
6. Sculpture and 3D Art | 雕塑与三维艺术
3D art involves creating objects that have volume. You might work with clay, cardboard, wire, or found objects. Key words include modelling, carving, casting, and assemblage.
三维艺术涉及创作具有体积的物体。你可能会用到粘土、纸板、金属丝或现成物品。关键词包括建模、雕刻、铸造和集合艺术。
Modelling is adding material, like clay, to build up a form. '建模' (jiànmó) or '塑造' (sùzào) are used; think of a sculptor pinching and adding clay to a pot.
建模/塑造 是添加材料（如粘土）来构建形体。想象雕塑家捏制粘土并加到壶上。
Carving is taking material away, like chiselling wood or stone. The Chinese '雕刻' (diāokè) combines both carving and engraving, and you can remember it by the subtractive process.
雕刻 是去除材料，比如凿木头或石头。中文 '雕刻' 包含了雕刻和镌刻两层意思，可以通过减法过程来记忆。
Casting involves pouring a liquid material into a mould, letting it harden. '铸造' (zhùzào) is the same term used for metal casting. An example is making a plaster cast of your hand.
铸造 是将液态材料倒入模具中，让其变硬。'铸造' 也是金属铸造的术语。一个例子是用石膏翻制你的手模。
Assemblage is a collage made of three-dimensional objects. '集合艺术' (jíhé yìshù) literally means 'gathering together art', because you collect and combine different items.
集合艺术 是用三维物体做成的拼贴。'集合艺术' 字面意思是 '将艺术聚集起来'，因为你收集并组合不同的物品。
Armature is a framework underneath a sculpture to support it, often made of wire. The Chinese word '骨架' (gǔjià) means 'bone frame', just like the skeleton inside your body.
骨架 是雕塑内部的支撑框架，常由金属丝制成。中文 '骨架' 就是 '骨头框架'，就像你身体里的骨骼一样。
7. Printmaking Basics | 版画基础
Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, typically on paper. It allows you to make multiple copies, called editions. Common methods include relief printing (like lino or potato prints), monoprinting, and collagraph.
版画是通过印刷来创作艺术作品的过程，通常印在纸上。它可以让你制作多份复制品，称为版次。常见方法包括凸版印刷（如麻胶版画或土豆版画）、单刷版画和综合版画。
Relief printing is when you cut away parts of a surface, apply ink to the raised areas, and press onto paper. '凸版印刷' (tūbǎn yìnshuā) translates as 'raised plate printing'. This is the technique used for your linocuts.
凸版印刷 是刻掉表面的部分，在凸起区域上墨，再压印到纸上。'凸版印刷' 翻译过来就是 '凸起的版印刷'。你的麻胶版画就是用这种技法。
Monoprint is a one-off print, as the name suggests (mono = one). '单刷版画' (dānshuā bǎnhuà) means 'single brush print', emphasising the unique nature of each pull.
单刷版画 是一次性的版画，顾名思义（mono = 单一）。'单刷版画' 意思是 '单次刷的版画'，强调每次印压都是独一无二的。
Collagraph is made by building up a collage of textured materials on a printing plate. '综合版画' (zōnghé bǎnhuà) means 'comprehensive print', reflecting the mix of materials used.
综合版画 是在印版上粘贴各种有肌理的材料制作而成的。'综合版画' 意思是 '综合的版画'，反映了所用材料的混合。
Brayer is the roller used to apply ink evenly on the plate. In Chinese, it is '滚筒' (gǔntǒng), which simply means 'rolling tube'. Remember to roll in both directions for a smooth layer.
滚筒 是用来将油墨均匀涂在版上的滚轮。中文叫 '滚筒'，就是 '滚动的筒'。记得要来回滚动，以获得均匀的墨层。
Edition is a set of identical prints made from the same plate. The Chinese '版次' (bǎncì) means 'edition order', and artists sign and number each print, for example, 3/10 means the third print out of ten.
版次 是用同一块版印出的一套相同的版画。中文 '版次' 就是 '版画的次序'，艺术家会签名并标号，比如 3/10 表示十张中的第三张。
8. Textiles and Fibre Art | 纺织与纤维艺术
Textile art uses plant, animal, or synthetic fibres to create functional or decorative objects. In Year 7, you may try weaving, felting, or fabric dyeing. Knowing the terms helps you discuss your process.
纺织艺术使用植物、动物或合成纤维来制作功能性或装饰性物品。在 7 年级，你可能会尝试编织、毡化或织物染色。了解这些术语有助于你讨论创作过程。
Warp and weft are the two basic components in weaving. Warp threads run vertically and are held under tension; weft threads are woven horizontally over and under the warp. The Chinese terms are 经线 (jīngxiàn) and 纬线 (wěixiàn), which sound like 'longitude' and 'latitude' — very similar to geography.
经线 和 纬线 是编织中的两个基本组成部分。经线是垂直方向的线，保持拉紧状态；纬线是水平方向的线，在经线上下穿梭。中文术语 '经线' 和 '纬线' 听起来像地理中的经度和纬度——非常相似。
Felting is the process of matting wool fibres together using moisture, heat, and pressure. The Chinese '毡化' (zhānhuà) literally means 'felt transformation'. You can remember it by thinking of a felt hat shrinking in hot water.
毡化 是利用水分、热量和压力将羊毛纤维毡合在一起的过程。中文 '毡化' 字面意思是 '变成毡'。你可以想象一顶毛毡帽在热水中缩水。
Batik is a technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to whole cloth, traditionally from Indonesia. In Chinese, it is '蜡染' (làrǎn), combining 'wax' and 'dye'. Wherever wax is applied, the dye cannot penetrate.
蜡染 是一种在整块布料上使用蜡防染的技术，起源于印度尼西亚。中文叫 '蜡染'，结合了 '蜡' 和 '染'。在涂蜡的地方，染料无法渗透。
Appliqué is when you sew smaller pieces of fabric onto a larger background to create a design. The Chinese '贴布绣' (tiēbù xiù) translates as 'paste fabric embroidery'. Think of it as fabric collage.
贴布绣 是将较小的布料片缝到较大的背景布料上以形成设计。中文 '贴布绣' 翻译过来是 '粘贴布料的刺绣'。可以把它想象成布料拼贴。
Embroidery is the art of decorating fabric with needle and thread. '刺绣' (cìxiù) in Chinese is a beautiful term that you will instantly recognise. Stitches can create textures and patterns.
刺绣 是用针线装饰织物的艺术。中文 '刺绣' 是一个非常美的词，你一眼就能认出来。针法可以创造出肌理和图案。
9. Art History Key Terms | 艺术史关键术语
When you look at artworks from different times and cultures, you need a few words to talk about style and meaning. In Year 7 CIE Art, you might discuss landscapes, portraits, still lifes, and abstract art. You will also learn to identify genres and media.
当你观看不同时代和文化的艺术作品时，需要一些词汇来谈论风格与含义。在 CIE 7 年级艺术中，你可能会讨论风景画、肖像画、静物画和抽象艺术。你还会学习辨别题材和媒介。
Landscape is a picture of natural scenery. The Chinese '风景画' (fēngjǐng huà) literally means 'wind scenery painting'. Famous landscape artists include J.M.W. Turner and traditional Chinese shanshui painters.
风景画 是描绘自然风光的画。中文 '风景画' 字面意思是 '风光的画'。著名的风景画家包括 J.M.W. 透纳和中国传统山水画家。
Portrait is a likeness of a person, especially the face. '肖像画' (xiàoxiàng huà) uses the word for 'likeness' (肖像). Self-portrait is '自画像' (zìhuàxiàng), which you may try in class.
肖像画 是人的画像，特别是面部。'肖像画' 用了 '肖像' 这个词。自画像是 '自画像'，你可能会在课堂上尝试。
Still life is a collection of inanimate objects arranged together. '静物' (jìngwù) means 'still objects'. It's a great way to practise drawing textures and forms.
静物画 是安排在一起的无生命物体组合。'静物' 意思是 '静止的物品'。这是练习描绘肌理和形体的好方法。
Abstract art does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of visual reality. Instead, it uses shapes, colours, and forms to achieve its effect. In Chinese, '抽象艺术' (chōuxiàng yìshù) literally means 'pulling-out-elephant art'? No, 抽象 means abstract (pulling out the essence).
抽象艺术 并不试图准确描绘视觉现实。相反，它使用形状、色彩和形体来达到效果。中文 '抽象艺术' 字面意思是 '抽取出形象的艺术'？其实，'抽象' 意为提取本质。
Composition is how the elements are arranged within the frame. The Chinese '构图' (gòutú) means 'constructing the picture'. Think of it as the skeleton of an artwork.
构图 是元素在画面中的安排方式。中文 '构图' 意思是 '构建画面'。可以把它想象成艺术作品的骨架。
Foreground, middle ground, and background are the depth layers in a picture. '前景' (qiánjǐng), '中景' (zhōngjǐng), and '背景' (bèijǐng) are direct translations, just like in a photograph.
前景、中景和背景 是画面中的深度层次。'前景'、'中景'、'背景' 是直接翻译，就像在照片中一样。
10. Assessment Vocabulary | 评估词汇
In CIE Art, you are assessed on your ability to explore ideas, experiment with media, and reflect on your own work and that of others. These command words appear in your tasks and will help you understand what is expected.
在 CIE 艺术中，评估的是你探索想法、尝试不同媒介、反思自己和他人作品的能力。这些指令词会出现在你的任务中，帮助理解对你的期望。
Explore means to investigate and try out different possibilities. '探索' (tànsuǒ) is the same word used in exploration. In your sketchbook, show a range of ideas and materials.
探索 意味着调查并尝试不同的可能性。'探索' 就是探险中用的同一个词。在你的速写本上展示一系列想法和材料。
Experiment is about testing new techniques and combinations. '实验' (shíyàn) directly translates and encourages you to be curious and take risks.
实验 是测试新技术和新组合。'实验' 直接翻译过来，鼓励你要有好奇心，敢于冒险。
Reflect means to think deeply about your process and outcomes. '反思' (fǎnsī) breaks down into 'reverse' and 'think', as in turning a thought back over. Write annotations that explain what worked and what you would change.
反思 意味着深入思考你的过程和结果。'反思' 拆开是 '反向' 和 '思考'，就像反复斟酌一个想法。写下注释，解释哪些有效，你会想改变什么。
Develop is to take an idea further, improving and extending it. '发展' (fāzhǎn) means to grow and expand. Show how your final piece evolved from initial sketches.
发展 是将一个想法进一步推进，加以改进和扩展。'发展' 意思是成长和扩展。展示你的最终作品是如何从最初的草图演变而来的。
Annotate means to add notes or comments to your work. '注释' (zhùshì) is what you do in the margins of your sketchbook. Use art vocabulary to explain your choices.
注释 意味着为你的作品添加笔记或评语。'注释' 就是你在速写本边缘做的事情。使用艺术词汇来解释你的选择。
Evaluate is to judge the success of your artwork based on given criteria. '评价' (píngjià) combines 'comment' and 'price/value', so you are giving a reasoned assessment. Compare your outcome against your intentions.
评价 是根据给定的标准判断你的艺术作品是否成功。'评价' 结合了 '评' 和 '价'，所以你给出的是有理有据的评估。把你的结果与你的意图作比较。
Published by TutorHao | Art Revision Series | aleveler.com
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