📚 Year 7 OCR Physics: Bridging Guide | Year 7 OCR 物理：升学衔接指南
Starting secondary school brings an exciting journey into the world of Physics. In Year 7 under the OCR framework, you will move from simple science observations to understanding fundamental laws that govern our universe. This bridging guide will help you transition smoothly, introducing key topics, essential skills and effective study habits. Whether you are a student or a parent, this article provides a clear roadmap for success in Year 7 Physics.
进入中学意味着开启一段激动人心的物理探索之旅。在 OCR 课程框架下的七年级，你将从简单的科学观察过渡到理解支配宇宙的基本定律。这份衔接指南将帮助你顺利过渡，介绍关键主题、基本技能和高效的学习习惯。无论你是学生还是家长，本文都为七年级物理的成功学习提供了清晰的路线图。
1. What to Expect in Year 7 Physics | Year 7 物理课程概览
In Year 7, physics is taught as part of the Key Stage 3 Science curriculum. You will explore forces, energy, waves, electricity and the particle model of matter. Practical experiments are a core component, allowing you to test ideas and develop hands-on skills. You will use simple equipment like force meters, ammeters and thermometers while learning to record and present data.
在七年级，物理作为关键阶段三科学课程的一部分进行教授。你将探索力、能量、波、电和物质的粒子模型。动手实验是核心组成部分，让你可以检验想法并培养操作技能。你将使用测力计、安培计和温度计等简单设备，同时学习记录和呈现数据。
You will also begin to think like a scientist by making predictions, observing patterns and drawing evidence-based conclusions. Group work and class discussions help you explain phenomena using scientific vocabulary.
你也将开始像科学家一样思考，进行预测、观察规律并得出基于证据的结论。小组合作和课堂讨论帮助你使用科学词汇解释现象。
2. Forces and Motion | 力与运动
A force is a push or a pull that can change an object's motion or shape. Forces are measured in newtons (N) and include gravity, friction, air resistance and upthrust. When forces are balanced, an object remains at rest or moves at constant speed. Unbalanced forces cause acceleration or deceleration.
力是推或拉，可以改变物体的运动或形状。力以牛顿（N）为单位，包括重力、摩擦力、空气阻力和浮力。当力平衡时，物体保持静止或匀速运动。非平衡力会导致加速或减速。
The speed of an object tells you how fast it is moving. You can calculate average speed using the equation speed = distance ÷ time. For example, if you walk 100 metres in 50 seconds, your speed is 2 m/s. Understanding this relationship helps you analyse motion in everyday situations, such as running or cycling.
物体的速度告诉你它运动得有多快。你可以使用公式 速度 = 距离 ÷ 时间 计算平均速度。例如，如果你在 50 秒内走了 100 米，你的速度是 2 米/秒。理解这种关系有助于你分析日常的运动，如跑步或骑车。
You will also investigate how the mass of an object affects the force needed to accelerate it. Friction can be useful (e.g., gripping tyres) or unwanted (e.g., air resistance slowing a car). Experiments with trolleys and ramps will help you visualise these concepts.
你将研究物体的质量如何影响加速所需的力。摩擦力可能是有用的（例如轮胎的抓地力），也可能是不需要的（例如空气阻力减慢车速）。使用小车和斜坡进行的实验将帮助你直观理解这些概念。
3. Energy | 能量
Energy is the ability to do work and is measured in joules (J). In Year 7, you meet different energy stores: kinetic (movement), thermal (heat), chemical (fuels, food), gravitational potential (height) and elastic potential (stretched or compressed objects). Energy can be transferred from one store to another but is never created or destroyed – this is the principle of conservation of energy.
能量是做功的能力，以焦耳（J）为单位。在七年级，你会接触到不同的能量储存：动能（运动）、热能（热）、化学能（燃料、食物）、引力势能（高度）和弹性势能（拉伸或压缩的物体）。能量可以从一个储存转移到另一个储存，但永远不会被创造或消灭——这就是能量守恒原理。
Energy transfers happen through forces, heating, waves or by an electric current. For example, when you switch on a
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