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Year 7 OCR Maths: Key Vocabulary Quick Reference Guide | Year 7 OCR 数学:词汇术语速记指南

2026-07-16 13:50 · 本文部分内容由AI辅助创作

📚 Year 7 OCR Maths: Key Vocabulary Quick Reference Guide | Year 7 OCR 数学:词汇术语速记指南

Mastering mathematical vocabulary is essential for success in Year 7 OCR Maths. This quick reference guide breaks down must-know terms into clear, topic-based sections, with simple explanations and examples in both English and Chinese to help bilingual learners memorise and apply them confidently.

掌握数学词汇对于 Year 7 OCR 数学的成功至关重要。这份速记指南将必学术语按主题分类,提供中英文简洁解释和示例,帮助双语学习者轻松记忆并自信运用。

1. Number and Place Value | 数字与位值

Integer: A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero. Examples: -5, 0, 42.

整数: 可以是正数、负数或零的整数。例如:-5、0、42。

Decimal: A number that uses a decimal point to separate the whole part from the fractional part, such as 3.14 or 0.5.

小数: 使用小数点将整数部分与小数部分分开的数字,例如 3.14 或 0.5。

Place value: The value of a digit depending on its position in a number. In 345, the digit 3 has a place value of 300 (hundreds).

位值: 数字中每个数字根据其位置所具有的值。在 345 中,数字 3 的位值是 300(百位)。

Negative number: A number less than zero, often written with a minus sign, e.g., -8.

负数: 小于零的数字,通常前面加负号,例如 -8。

Digit: Any of the symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 used to write numbers.

数字: 用于书写数字的任何符号 0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9。


2. Operations and Number Properties | 运算与数的性质

Sum: The result of adding two or more numbers. The sum of 4 and 9 is 13.

和: 两个或多个数字相加的结果。4 和 9 的和是 13。

Difference: The result of subtracting one number from another. The difference between 15 and 7 is 8.

差: 一个数减去另一个数的结果。15 和 7 的差是 8。

Product: The result of multiplying numbers. The product of 6 and 3 is 18.

积: 数字相乘的结果。6 和 3 的积是 18。

Quotient: The result of division. The quotient of 20 ÷ 5 is 4.

商: 除法运算的结果。20 ÷ 5 的商是 4。

Factor: A number that divides exactly into another number. Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.

因数 / 因子: 能够整除另一个数的数。12 的因数有:1、2、3、4、6、12。

Multiple: The result of multiplying a number by an integer. Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15, 20...

倍数: 一个数乘以某个整数得到的结果。5 的倍数:5、10、15、20……

Prime number: A number greater than 1 that has exactly two factors: 1 and itself. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 are primes.

质数 / 素数: 大于 1 且只有两个因数(1 和它本身)的数。2、3、5、7、11 都是质数。

Square number: The product of a number multiplied by itself. 3² = 3 × 3 = 9, so 9 is a square number.

平方数: 一个数乘以自身得到的积。3² = 3 × 3 = 9,所以 9 是平方数。

Cube number: The product of a number used three times in multiplication. 2³ = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8.

立方数: 一个数在乘法中使用三次的积。2³ = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8。


3. Fractions, Decimals and Percentages | 分数、小数与百分数

Fraction: A number that represents a part of a whole, written with a numerator and denominator, e.g., 3/4.

分数: 表示整体一部分的数,用分子和分母表示,例如 3/4。

Numerator: The top part of a fraction, showing how many parts are taken.

分子: 分数上面的部分,表示取了多少份。

Denominator: The bottom part of a fraction, showing how many equal parts the whole is divided into.

分母: 分数下面的部分,表示整体被分成多少等份。

Equivalent fractions: Different fractions that represent the same value, e.g., 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6.

等值分数: 表示相同值但形式不同的分数,例如 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6。

Simplify (a fraction): To reduce a fraction to its simplest form by dividing the numerator and denominator by their highest common factor.

化简(分数): 通过将分子和分母除以它们的最大公因数,将分数化为最简形式。

Decimal fraction: Another way of writing a fraction by using a decimal point, e.g., 0.75 = 3/4.

小数分数: 使用小数点表示分数的另一种方式,例如0.75 = 3/4。

Percentage: A fraction expressed out of 100, denoted by the symbol %. 25% means 25 out of 100 or 1/4.

百分数 / 百分比: 以 100 为分母的分数,用符号 % 表示。25% 表示 100 份中的 25 份,即 1/4。

Convert: To change a number from one form to another, e.g., fraction to decimal, decimal to percentage.

转换: 将数从一种形式变为另一种形式,例如分数转小数、小数转百分数。


4. Ratio and Proportion | 比与比例

Ratio: A way of comparing two or more quantities, written as a:b, e.g., if there are 2 cats and 3 dogs, the ratio of cats to dogs is 2:3.

比: 比较两个或更多数量的方法,写成 a:b。例如有 2 只猫和 3 只狗,猫与狗的比为 2:3。

Proportion: A statement that two ratios are equal. It shows how quantities relate to the whole.

比例: 表明两个比相等的陈述,显示各个数量与整体的关系。

Simplify a ratio: To divide each part of the ratio by a common factor so that the numbers are as small as possible, e.g., 4:8 simplifies to 1:2.

化简比: 将比的每一项除以一个公因数,使数字尽可能小,例如 4:8 化简为 1:2。

Unitary method: Finding the value of one unit first, then using it to find other amounts. Used when solving ratio and proportion problems.

归一法: 先求出一个单位的值,再利用它求其他数量。常用于解决比和比例问题。


5. Algebra Essentials | 代数基础

Variable: A letter or symbol that represents an unknown number, e.g., x, y, n.

变量: 表示未知数的字母或符号,例如 x、y、n。

Expression: A combination of numbers, variables and operation signs without an equals sign, e.g., 3x + 2.

表达式: 由数字、变量和运算符号组合而成但不含等号的式子,例如 3x + 2。

Equation: tatement showing that two expressions are equal, containing an equals sign, e.g., 2x = 10.

方程: 表明两个表达式相等的数学语句,包含等号,例如 2x = 10。

Term: A single number, variable, or the product of numbers and variables in an expression. In 5x + 3, the terms are 5x and 3.

项: 表达式中的单个数字、变量或数字与变量的乘积。在 5x + 3 中,项为 5x 和 3。

Sequence: A list of numbers that follow a rule or pattern, e.g., 2, 5, 8, 11... (add 3 each time).

数列 / 序列: 按照某种规则或模式排列的一列数,例如 2、5、8、11……(每次加 3)。

nth term: A formula that allows you to find any term in a sequence without listing all previous terms. For 3, 6, 9, 12... the nth term is 3n.

第 n 项: 一个公式,让你不需列出前面所有项就能求出数列中任意一项。例如 3、6、9、12……的第 n 项是 3n。

Like terms: Terms that have the same variable raised to the same power, e.g., 3a and 7a can be combined to 10a.

同类项: 具有相同变量且相同指数的项,例如 3a 和 7a 可以合并为 10a。


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6. Geometry – 2D Shapes | 几何 – 平面图形

Polygon: A closed 2D shape with straight sides. Triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons and hexagons are all polygons.

多边形: 由直边围成的封闭平面图形。三角形、四边形、五边形和六边形都是多边形。

Quadrilateral: A four-sided polygon. Examples include square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram and trapezium.

四边形: 有四条边的多边形。例如正方形、长方形、菱形、平行四边形和梯形。

Triangle: A three-sided polygon. Types include equilateral, isosceles, scalene, right-angled.

三角形: 有三条边的多边形。类型包括等边三角形、等腰三角形、不等边三角形和直角三角形。

Parallel lines: Straight lines that are always the same distance apart and never meet, shown by arrow marks.

平行线: 永不相交且始终保持相同距离的直线,通常用箭头标记表示。

Perpendicular lines: Two lines that meet at a right angle (90°).

垂直线: 相交成直角(90°)的两条直线。

Symmetry: A shape has line symmetry if it can be folded along a line so that both halves match exactly. The fold line is called a line of symmetry.

对称: 如果一个图形可以沿一条直线对折,使两边完全重合,则该图形具有线对称性。这条折线叫做对称轴。

Regular polygon: A polygon with all sides equal and all angles equal, e.g., a square or an equilateral triangle.

正多边形: 所有边都相等且所有角都相等的多边形,例如正方形或等边三角形。


7. Geometry – Angles and Lines | 几何 – 角与线

Angle: The amount of turn between two lines that meet at a vertex, measured in degrees (°).

角: 两条相交于顶点的直线之间的旋转量,以度(°)为单位测量。

Acute angle: An angle that measures less than 90°.

锐角: 小于 90° 的角。

Right angle: An angle of exactly 90°, often marked with a small square.

直角: 恰好为 90° 的角,通常用小方块标记。

Obtuse angle: An angle greater than 90° but less than 180°.

钝角: 大于 90° 但小于 180° 的角。

Reflex angle: An angle greater than 180° but less than 360°.

优角 / 反射角: 大于 180° 但小于 360° 的角。

Straight line angle: An angle of exactly 180°, forming a straight line.

平角: 恰好为 180° 的角,形成一条直线。

Vertically opposite angles: When two lines cross, the angles opposite each other are equal.

对顶角: 两直线相交时,相对的两个角大小相等。

Adjacent angles: Two angles that share a common side and vertex and sit next to each other.

邻角: 共享一条公共边和一个顶点且相邻的两个角。


8. Measurement – Perimeter, Area and Volume | 测量 – 周长、面积与体积

Perimeter: a 2D shape. For a rectangle with length 5 cm and width 3 cm, perimeter = 2(5 + 3) = 16 cm.

周长: 围绕平面图形外部的总距离。对于一个长 5 cm、宽 3 cm 的矩形,周长 = 2(5 + 3) = 16 cm。

Area: de a 2D shape, measured in square units (e.g., cm²). Area of a rectangle = length × width.

面积: 平面图形内部的空间量,以平方单位(例如 cm²)计量。矩形面积 = 长 × 宽。

Volume: shape, measured in cubic units (e.g., cm³). Volume of a cuboid = length × width × height.

体积: 立体图形内部的空间量,以立方单位(例如 cm³)计量。长方体体积 = 长 × 宽 × 高。

Capacity: The maximum amount a container can hold when full, often measured in litres or millilitres.

容量: 容器装满时所能容纳的最大量,通常以升或毫升计量。

Metric units: Units of measurement based on powers of ten: mm, cm, m, km for length; g, kg for mass; ml, l for capacity.

公制单位: 基于十的幂次的计量单位:长度用 mm、cm、m、km;质量用 g、kg;容量用 ml、l。

Convert units: To change a measurement from one unit to another, e.g., 1 m = 100 cm, 1 kg = 1000 g.

单位换算: 将测量值从一个单位变为另一个单位,例如 1 m = 100 cm,1 kg = 1000 g。


9. Statistics and Data Handling | 统计与数据处理

Data: Information collected in numbers or words, often organised in tables or charts.

数据: 以数字或文字收集的信息,常以表格或图表形式整理。

Mean: ing them all and dividing by how many there are. For 3, 5, 7, the mean is (3+5+7) ÷ 3 = 5.

平均数(均值): 一组数的平均值,计算方法是把所有数相加然后除以个数。对于 3、5、7,平均数为 (3+5+7) ÷ 3 = 5。

Median: The middle value when a set of numbers is put in order. For 2, 4, 7, 9, the median is 5.5 (the average of the two middle numbers when the count is even).

中位数: 将一组数按顺序排列后处于中间位置的值。对于 2、4、7、9,中位数是 5.5(当个数为偶数时,取中间两个数的平均值)。

Mode: The number that appears most often in a set. In 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, the mode is 2.

众数: 一组数据中出现次数最多的数。在 1、2、2、3、4 中,众数是 2。

Range: ference between the largest and smallest values. For 8, 3, 10, 5, the range is 10 - 3 = 7.

极差 / 范围: 最大值与最小值的差。对于 8、3、10、5,极差为 10 - 3 = 7。

Bar chart: A graph that uses bars of different heights to show frequencies of categories.

条形图: 用不同高度的条形表示各类别出现频率的图表。

Pictogram: A graph that uses pictures or symbols to represent data, with a key explaining how many each symbol stands for.

象形图: 使用图形或符号表示数据的图表,附有图例说明每个符号代表的数量。

Frequency: The number of times an event or value occurs.

频数 / 频率: 某个事件或数值发生的次数。


10. Coordinates and Transformations | 坐标与变换

Coordinates: A pair of numbers (x, y) that show a point's position on a grid. The first number gives the horizontal position, the second gives the vertical.

坐标: 表示点在网格上位置的一对数 (x, y)。第一个数表示水平位置,第二个数表示垂直位置。

Origin: The point (0, 0) where the x-axis and y-axis meet on a coordinate grid.

原点: 坐标网格上 x 轴和 y 轴的交点 (0, 0)。

Quadrant: The four regions of a coordinate plane separated by the axes. Quadrant I has positive x and y.

象限: 坐标平面被坐标轴分成的四个区域。第一象限中 x 和 y 均为正。

Translation: Moving a shape from one place to another without turning, flipping or resizing it. Described using a column vector, e.g., (3 / -2) means move 3 right and 2 down.

平移: 将一个图形从一个位置移动到另一个位置,不旋转、不翻转、不改变大小。用列向量描述,例如 (3 / -2) 表示向右 3、向下 2。

Reflection: Flipping a shape over a mirror line to create a mirror image. Each point and its image are the same distance from the line.

反射 / 对称镜像: 将图形沿一条镜像线翻转,产生镜像图像。每个点与其像到镜像线的距离相等。

Rotation: Turning a shape around a fixed point, called the centre of rotation, through an angle (e.g., 90°, 180°).

旋转: 将图形围绕一个固定点(旋转中心)转动一定角度(例如 90°、180°)。

Line of symmetry: A line that divides a shape into two identical mirror halves; also used in reflections as the mirror line.

对称轴: 将图形分成两个相同镜像部分的直线;在反射中也用作镜像线。

Vertex (plural: vertices): A corner point of a shape. A triangle has 3 vertices.

顶点: 图形的一个角点。三角形有 3 个顶点。

Published by TutorHao | Maths Revision Series | aleveler.com

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