📚 TOEFL and TU Delft Application Materials: A Complete Bilingual Guide | 托福与代尔夫特理工大学申请材料全解（如有不懂之处，请寻求帮助）
Many students aim at a master's programme in a top technical university, and the first real barrier they meet is the admission standard itself. Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) in the Netherlands publishes its academic and language requirements in a very explicit way, and those requirements show precisely how a world-class engineering school selects its candidates.
很多学生的目标是申请顶尖院校的硕士项目，而第一道难关往往就是录取标准本身。荷兰的代尔夫特理工大学（TU Delft）把学术与语言要求写得很明确，这些要求清楚地展现了全球知名理工科院校的选拔逻辑。
This guide keeps the original focus: what you must prepare for a TU Delft master's application, how the TOEFL and IELTS requirements work, and what to do when a rule is not clear to you. Every requirement below is paired in English and Chinese so you can check it quickly.
本文保留原本的主题：申请代尔夫特理工大学硕士需要准备什么材料、托福与雅思要求如何运作，以及当你对某条规则看不懂时该怎么办。下文每条要求都以英文与中文配对呈现，方便你快速核对。
1. Why TU Delft Sets Such High Standards | 为什么代尔夫特理工大学的标准如此之高
TU Delft is one of Europe's leading technical universities, and its selection logic is typical of top engineering schools worldwide: verified academic training, proven English ability, and a personal narrative that fits the specific programme. A strong score alone never guarantees a place.
代尔夫特理工大学是欧洲顶尖的理工科大学之一，它的选拔逻辑与全球一流工科院校一致：可验证的学术训练、被证明的英语能力，以及与具体项目高度契合的个人陈述。仅有高分并不能保证录取。
The TOEFL iBT score is therefore only one piece of a larger puzzle. Admission committees read your transcript, degree certificate, motivation letter, references, CV and, for some programmes, a portfolio as one combined file. A weak link in any single part can slow down or stop the whole application.
因此，托福网考（TOEFL iBT）成绩只是整幅拼图中的一块。录取委员会把成绩单、学位证明、动机信、推荐信、个人简历，以及部分项目要求的作品集当作一个整体文件来阅读。任何一环薄弱，都可能拖慢甚至中断整个申请。
2. Academic Background and Programme Fit | 学术背景与专业匹配度
The core requirement is a bachelor's degree in a relevant field, with strong results in the core courses of that field. TU Delft expects applicants to come from a recognised university, and for Chinese applicants it states that the undergraduate institution should be a "211 Project" university, with a final cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 75% or above.
核心要求是拥有相关专业的学士学位，并且核心课程成绩出色。代尔夫特理工大学要求申请者毕业于被认可的大学，并明确表明：对中国学生而言，本科院校应为"211工程"大学，且最终平均成绩（CGPA）要达到 75% 及以上。
This rule reflects how much the school values systematic academic training and a solid professional foundation at undergraduate level. It also means that a late improvement in the final year may not be enough on its own.
这条规定体现了学校对申请者本科阶段系统化学术训练与扎实专业基础的重视。这也意味着，仅靠最后一年临时提分，往往并不足够。
If you have not yet graduated when you apply, you must submit evidence that you have already reached this standard during your current studies. The requirement keeps the screening fair, and it reminds students to maintain an excellent record from the early years of the bachelor's degree.
如果在申请时尚未毕业，就需要提供在就读期间已经达到该标准的成绩证明。这一规定保证了筛选的公平性，也提示学生必须从本科早期阶段就维持优秀的学业记录。
Course matching matters more than the name of the degree. Reviewers look at whether your main courses fit the target master's programme; a vaguely related background may be filtered out at the first screening stage.
课程的匹配程度不仅看学位名称，更要看主要课程与目标硕士项目是否契合。相关度模糊的专业背景，很有可能在初审阶段就被筛掉。
3. Degree Certificates and Grade Verification | 学位证明与成绩认证
Eligible applicants must provide an officially issued degree certificate or a certificate of expected graduation. For international students, especially those from different education systems, the assessment of authenticity and equivalence of degrees and transcripts is essential.
有申请资格者必须提交官方颁发的学位证明或预毕业证明。对国际学生，尤其是来自不同教育体系国家的学生而言，学位与成绩单的真实性、等效性评估至关重要。
In practice, the university usually asks for a notarised translation, or for verification through a recognised academic credential evaluation body. Preparing these documents early avoids delays close to the deadline.
实际操作中，学校通常要求提供经过公证的翻译件，或通过特定的学术认证机构进行验证。提前准备这些文件，可以避免临近截止日期时的手忙脚乱。
As for grades, besides the overall average, the transcript of key professional courses is examined carefully. Some programmes even list prerequisite courses and require that you have taken them with a good result.
就成绩而言，除了总平均分，关键专业课程的成绩单也会被认真核查。有些项目甚至会列出先修课程清单，要求申请人必须修读过并取得不错的成绩。
- Overall CGPA ≥ 75% for Chinese applicants from 211 universities
中国 211 院校申请者的总平均成绩需达到 75% 及以上 - Recognised bachelor's institution and relevant major
毕业于被认可的院校，且专业相关 - Strong marks in core and prerequisite courses, not only in electives
核心课与先修课成绩优秀，而不只是选修课分数高 - Official, notarised translations of degree and transcript
学位与成绩单须有官方公证翻译件
So a transcript that meets the overall threshold but shows weakness in core courses still will not satisfy the admissions committee's criteria.
所以，仅仅是总成绩达标、而核心课程比较薄弱，同样不能满足录取委员会的评估准则。
4. Language Proficiency: TOEFL and IELTS | 语言能力证明：托福与雅思
Applicants whose first language is not English must provide a standardised language test result. TU Delft accepts the TOEFL iBT with a minimum score of 90, and IELTS with a minimum overall band of 6.5.
母语并非英语的申请者，需要提供标准化语言测试成绩。代尔夫特理工大学接受托福网考（TOEFL iBT），最低分数要求为 90 分；也接受雅思（IELTS），最低总分要求为 6.5 分。
Students who have completed a fully English-taught degree in certain English-speaking countries may be exempt from this requirement. Chinese mainland students, however, must still submit a language score, partly because it is needed to satisfy visa requirements.
在特定英语国家完成全英文授课学位的学生，可豁免此项要求。然而中国大陆学生仍必须提供语言成绩，部分原因在于签证申请本身也需要该成绩。
| Test / 考试 | Minimum / 最低要求 | Notes / 说明 |
| TOEFL iBT 托福网考 | 90 | Report must be valid and sent officially / 成绩须在有效期内并官方送分 |
| IELTS 雅思 | 6.5 overall / 总分 6.5 | Overall band score / 以总分计算 |
| Exemption 豁免 | English-taught degree in certain English-speaking countries / 特定英语国家的全英文授课学位 | Mainland Chinese students still need a score / 中国大陆学生仍需提供成绩 |
Check the exact wording of your own programme page, because a few programmes set higher thresholds or add sub-score conditions.
请务必核对你所申请项目页面的具体表述，因为个别项目会设定更高的门槛，或附加单项小分要求。
5. Validity, Deadlines and Score Reporting | 成绩有效期、截止日期与送分
The university states explicitly that the score report must not be older than two years, and that it must reach the university before the application deadline. An expired or invalid report makes your file incomplete.
学校明确说明，成绩报告的有效期不得超过两年，并且必须在申请截止日期之前送达学校。过期或无效的成绩单会直接导致申请材料不齐全。
Because test registration, score release and official score sending all take time, planning your language test well in advance is essential. Leave a buffer of several weeks between your test date and the deadline.
考虑到考试报名、出分与送分都需要周期，提前规划语言考试极为关键。建议在考试日期与截止日期之间留出数周的缓冲时间。
Application score validity: test date + 2 years ≥ deadline date
成绩有效期判断：考试日期 + 2 年 ≥ 申请截止日期
If your score is borderline, plan a retake early rather than waiting for the first result. Two attempts scheduled well apart are usually safer than one attempt close to the deadline.
如果成绩处在临界线上，应尽早安排重考，而不是干等第一次结果。把两次考试拉开时间安排，通常比在截止日期前只考一次更稳妥。
6. Motivation Letter and Personal Statement | 动机信与个人陈述
A clear, persuasive motivation letter is the key document for presenting your personal qualities. TU Delft asks for a text of around 1000 to 2000 words, explaining in detail why you chose this particular programme and this university, what your academic interests are, and what you plan to research in the future.
一段条理清晰、具有说服力的动机信，是呈现个人特质的关键材料。代尔夫特理工大学要求篇幅约在 1000 至 2000 字之间，要详尽阐释你选择该特定项目与该校的缘由、个人的学术兴趣，以及未来的研究构想。
The letter should also briefly describe your bachelor's graduation project or thesis, including its topic, method and result. This part is designed to measure your research potential, your writing ability, and how well your direction matches the programme.
信中还应简要描述你的本科毕业设计或论文，涵盖主题、方法以及成果。这一部分的目的在于衡量申请者的研究潜力、写作能力，以及其研究方向与项目是否一致。
Generic career plans or empty praise of the university will not impress an admissions officer. Specific courses, laboratories, supervisors and research groups are what make a letter credible.
泛泛而谈的职业规划，或空洞的赞美之词，无法打动招生官。具体的课程、实验室、导师与研究团队，才是让动机信可信的关键。
- Why this programme, in academic terms
从学术角度说明为什么选择这个项目 - Why this university, with named courses or groups
点名具体课程或研究团队，说明为什么选择这所学校 - Your research plan and how it connects to your past work
你的研究构想，以及它与过往学习经历的连接 - A short summary of your thesis: topic, method, outcome
毕业设计的简要概述：主题、方法、结果
7. Reference Letters | 推荐信
Generally, two academic reference letters are preferred, ideally from professors or supervisors at your undergraduate institution. If you already have work experience, one reference from an employer may also be accepted.
一般而言，两封学术推荐信为佳，最好来自本科院校的教授或导师。如果已经拥有工作经验，那么一封来自雇主的推荐信也可以被接受。
Reference letters must be written in English, German or Dutch, and must be sent directly by the referee, or sealed and signed, in order to guarantee objectivity and authenticity.
推荐信须用英文、德文或荷兰文书写，并且必须由推荐人直接发送，或密封后签字，以保证其客观性与真实性。
Choose referees who have actually taught you and can describe your performance in specific courses or projects. A famous name who barely knows you is weaker than a lecturer who can cite your laboratory work in detail.
请选择真正教过你、能够描述你在具体课程或项目中表现的推荐人。一位名气很大却几乎不认识你的推荐人，不如一位能详细讲述你实验工作的讲师有分量。
8. Curriculum Vitae | 个人简历
Your CV must present your education background, research experience, internships, technical skills and awards in full. A clearly structured CV with visible priorities helps reviewers grasp your core strengths within a short time.
教育背景、科研经历、实习工作、技能与奖项等内容，需要在个人简历中完整呈现。一份结构清晰、重点突出的简历，能帮助审核者在短时间内抓住申请者的核心优势。
The CV is also an important document that cross-checks your transcript and motivation letter. Dates, project names and results should match across all three files; contradictions raise doubts.
简历也是与成绩单、动机信相互印证的重要材料。日期、项目名称与成果在三份文件中应保持一致；相互矛盾会引发质疑。
Keep it factual and compact. Use reverse chronological order, and describe each project in one or two lines with your own role and the tools you used.
内容应写实、紧凑。建议采用时间倒序，每个项目用一到两行说明，写清你自己的角色与所使用的工具。
9. Programme-Specific Extra Requirements | 特定项目的附加要求
Some master's programmes that focus on academic research or design may have unusual additional conditions. For example, architecture and design-related master's programmes at TU Delft often require a portfolio showing your professional ability, technical level, creativity and innovative thinking.
部分侧重学术研究或设计方向的硕士项目，可能会存在一些特殊的附加条件。例如，代尔夫特理工大学开设的建筑、设计相关硕士项目，往往要求提交能够展现专业能力、技术水平以及创新思维与创造力的作品集。
The exact requirements of these additional materials are listed on each programme's official page. Applicants must read that page carefully and prepare in advance.
这些附加材料的具体要求，会明确列在具体项目的官方页面上。申请者必须仔细查阅，并提前做好准备。
If you ignore these special requirements, your application may be treated as incomplete even if your other qualifications are excellent, and it will not enter the review process at all.
如果忽略这些特殊要求，即使其他条件再优秀，申请也可能被视作不完整，从而根本无法进入评审流程。
10. Timeline and Document Delivery | 时间线与材料递交
Most deadlines fall between December and April for September entry, and some programmes close earlier. Working backwards from the deadline is the simplest way to build a reliable plan.
大多数项目的截止日期集中在 12 月到次年 4 月之间（针对 9 月入学），部分项目会更早关闭。从截止日期倒推，是制定可靠计划最简单的方法。
| Stage / 阶段 | Suggested timing / 建议时间 |
| Confirm programme and check its page / 确认项目并查阅官方页面 | 12-18 months before entry / 入学前 12-18 个月 |
| Book and sit TOEFL or IELTS / 报名并参加托福或雅思 | At least 6 months before the deadline / 截止前至少 6 个月 |
| Request transcripts and notarised translations / 申请成绩单与公证翻译件 | 3-6 months before the deadline / 截止前 3-6 个月 |
| Ask referees and confirm they send directly / 联系推荐人并确认直接发送 | 6-8 weeks before the deadline / 截止前 6-8 周 |
| Submit portfolio or extra materials / 提交作品集或附加材料 | Before the stated deadline, never after / 在官方截止前，切勿逾期 |
Note that documents you upload yourself may still require an official version sent separately by the issuing institution or testing service. Always confirm the delivery method required for each file.
要注意，你自己上传的文件，可能仍需要由出具机构或考试机构单独发送的官方版本。请务必确认每一份材料所要求的递交方式。
11. Common Mistakes and Where to Seek Help | 常见误区与求助途径
The most common mistakes are predictable: submitting a language score that is too old, sending an unofficial transcript, using a referee's email that never receives the request, and ignoring a programme-specific requirement such as a portfolio.
最常见的失误往往可以预判：提交过期的语言成绩、发送非官方成绩单、填写了收不到请求的推荐人邮箱，以及忽视作品集之类的项目特定要求。
Another frequent problem is mismatch between the motivation letter and the CV. If the letter claims a research interest that never appears in your CV or transcript, reviewers notice the gap immediately.
另一个常见问题是动机信与简历不匹配。如果信中声称的研究兴趣从未出现在简历或成绩单中，审核者会立刻注意到这个断层。
If any part of the requirements is unclear, do not guess. Check the official programme page first, then contact the admissions office or ask someone experienced with the process. For further questions, you can write to yzh@hotmail.co.uk.
如果有任何要求看不懂，不要凭猜测行事。先查阅官方项目页面，再联系招生办公室，或咨询有经验的人。若仍有疑问，可发邮件至 yzh@hotmail.co.uk 咨询。
12. Self-Check List and Your Turn | 自查清单与你的看法
Before you submit, run through a short check: Is your bachelor's institution and CGPA acceptable? Are your core courses strong? Is your TOEFL or IELTS valid and officially delivered? Is your motivation letter within the required length and specific enough? Are both references arranged? Is your CV consistent with everything else? Does your programme require a portfolio?
在提交之前，请做一次简短自查：你的本科院校与平均成绩是否达标？核心课程是否扎实？托福或雅思成绩是否在有效期内并已官方送达？动机信是否在规定篇幅内、并且足够具体？两封推荐信是否已经落实？简历是否与其他材料一致？你所申请的项目是否需要作品集？
Once you know these detailed and demanding requirements, an interesting question remains: during application preparation, which element is hardest to repair or improve in a short time? Is it the long-term academic record, the standardised language test, or the research plan that needs deep thinking and personal character?
了解了这些详尽而严苛的要求之后，有一个问题值得讨论：在申请准备过程中，短时间内最难弥补或提升的环节究竟是哪一个？是长期积累的学术成绩，是标准化的语言考试，还是需要深度思考与个人特色的研究计划？
Share your view or your own experience, and check the official TU Delft programme page before you act on any figure quoted here.
欢迎分享你的观点或亲身经历。在依据本文任何数据行动之前，请先核对代尔夫特理工大学官方项目页面。
Published by TutorHao | Test of English as a Foreign Language Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图