📚 UCAS Tariff Points Explained: A Level, IB, BTEC and Scottish Highers Conversion | UCAS 分值换算：A Level、IB、BTEC 与苏格兰 Highers 全解析
When you apply through UCAS, every qualification you hold is worth a certain number of UCAS Tariff points. The Tariff is the common currency that lets a university compare an A Level grade, an IB Higher Level score, a BTEC grade and a Scottish Higher on the same scale. This guide walks through how each of those conversions actually works, with tables, worked examples and the traps that catch applicants out every cycle.
通过 UCAS 申请时，你手里的每一种资格都对应一定数量的 UCAS 分值（UCAS Tariff points）。这套分值体系就像一种通用货币，让大学能把 A Level 成绩、IB 高级课程分数、BTEC 等级和苏格兰 Higher 放在同一把尺子上比较。本文将逐项讲解这些换算究竟怎么算，并配表格、实例和每年都有考生踩坑的注意事项。
1. What Is the UCAS Tariff? | 什么是 UCAS 分值
The UCAS Tariff is a points system owned and published by UCAS, the UK's central admissions service. Each recognised Level 3 qualification is broken down by grade, and every grade is assigned a numeric value. A university can then state an offer either as grades (for example AAB) or as a points total (for example 136 points), and the two describe roughly the same level of achievement.
UCAS 分值是英国大学招生服务机构 UCAS 制定并公布的一套计分系统。每一种被认可的 Level 3 资格都会按等级拆分，每个等级对应一个具体数值。于是大学既可以用等级来发条件录取（比如 AAB），也可以直接用总分来发（比如 136 分），两者描述的大致是同一水平。
The Tariff is not a grading system of its own. It does not change how your work is marked, and it does not replace your grades on the application. It is purely a translation layer that sits on top of existing qualifications.
分值体系本身并不是一套评分标准。它不会改变你的卷面如何被评分，也不会取代申请材料上的原始成绩。它只是叠加在现有资格之上的一层"翻译层"。
- Published by: UCAS, updated periodically | 发布方：UCAS，会定期更新
- Covers: A Levels, AS Levels, IB, BTEC, Scottish Highers, EPQ and many more | 覆盖范围：A Level、AS、IB、BTEC、苏格兰 Highers、EPQ 等
- Used for: offers expressed as points, and clearing comparisons | 用途：以总分形式发出的录取条件、补录阶段的比较
2. Why the Tariff Exists | 分值体系的核心功能
UCAS Tariff points exist to solve one problem: different qualifications are graded in different ways. An A Level is graded A* to E, an IB subject is graded 7 to 1, a BTEC is graded Distinction* to Pass, and a Scottish Higher is graded A to D. Without a common scale, an admissions officer comparing applicants from four different school systems has no neutral way to line them up.
UCAS 分值要解决的核心问题是：不同资格的评分方式完全不同。A Level 用 A* 到 E，IB 单科用 7 到 1，BTEC 用 Distinction* 到 Pass，苏格兰 Higher 用 A 到 D。如果没有统一的尺度，招生官同时面对来自四种学制的申请者时，就没有中立的办法把他们排在同一条线上。
The core function of the Tariff is therefore to convert the grades of different grading systems into a single unified score. Once converted, three A Levels, six IB subjects and one BTEC Extended Diploma can all be added up and compared directly.
因此，UCAS 分值的核心功能，就是把不同评分体系的成绩换算成统一分数。换算完成后，三门 A Level、六门 IB 科目和一张 BTEC 扩展文凭都可以直接相加、直接比较。
The second function is flexibility for universities. A department that wants a broad intake can publish a points-based offer, which lets a student with a strong BTEC compete against a student with strong A Levels.
第二个功能是给大学灵活度。希望生源更多元的院系可以发布"按总分录取"的条件，这样一位 BTEC 成绩突出的学生，就能和 A Level 成绩突出的学生在同一标准下竞争。
3. How to Read a Tariff Table | 如何读懂换算表
A Tariff table always has the same shape: one column for the qualification, one column for the grade, and one column for the points. The points column is the only number you add up. Everything else is context.
换算表的结构永远是固定的：一列写资格名称，一列写等级，一列写分值。只有分值那一列的数字需要相加，其余都只是背景信息。
Two rules matter more than any others. First, points are awarded per qualification, not per year of study, so a two-year A Level course is worth the same as its final grade alone. Second, you can only count a qualification once, even if it appears on two different certificates.
有两条规则比什么都重要。第一，分值是按"资格"授予的，不是按学习年限，所以两年制的 A Level 课程，最终只按那一个等级计分。第二，同一项资格只能计一次，即使它出现在两张不同的证书上。
- Add up only the final, certificated grades | 只累加最终已发证的等级
- Do not double-count resits or carried-forward units | 重考或结转单元不得重复计分
- Check the year of the table - values are revised | 注意表格年份，数值会被修订
4. A Level and AS Level Conversions | A Level 与 AS Level 换算
A Levels are the benchmark against which the whole Tariff is calibrated. The top grade, A*, is worth 56 points and the lowest passing grade, E, is worth 16. AS Levels, which are roughly half the size of a full A Level, are worth far fewer points and top out at 20 for an A grade.
A Level 是整个分值体系的基准刻度。最高等级 A* 值 56 分，最低及格等级 E 值 16 分。AS Level 的体量大约只有完整 A Level 的一半，因此分值低得多，A 等最高只有 20 分。
| Grade 等级 | A Level points | AS Level points |
| A* | 56 | - |
| A | 48 | 20 |
| B | 40 | 16 |
| C | 32 | 12 |
| D | 24 | 10 |
| E | 16 | 6 |
Notice that each A Level grade is worth 8 points more than the grade below it, except at the very top where A* adds another 8 on top of A. That regular spacing is what makes points-based offers easy to set.
可以看到，A Level 每个等级比下一档多 8 分，A* 也是在 A 的基础上再加 8 分。正是这种规律的间距，让"按总分录取"的条件很容易设定。
5. International Baccalaureate (IB) | IB 换算
The IB Diploma is scored out of 45, but the Tariff does not award points for the total. Instead, each of the six subjects is scored separately, and Higher Level subjects are worth roughly double their Standard Level equivalents. This rewards students who take on the harder pathway.
IB 文凭满分 45 分，但 UCAS 分值并不是按总分来给的。它把六门科目分开计分，高级课程（HL）的分值大约是标准课程（SL）的两倍，以此奖励选择更难路径的学生。
| IB grade | HL points | SL points |
| 7 | 56 | 28 |
| 6 | 48 | 24 |
| 5 | 40 | 20 |
| 4 | 32 | 16 |
| 3 | 24 | 12 |
| 2 | 12 | 6 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
A grade 7 at Higher Level is worth exactly the same as an A* at A Level, which is why the two are often treated as equivalent by UK admissions tutors. The IB core - Theory of Knowledge and the Extended Essay - is handled separately, so always confirm how a specific university values it.
HL 拿到 7 分，和 A Level 的 A* 完全等值，这也是英国招生官常把二者视为同一档的原因。IB 核心部分（TOK 与拓展论文）单独处理，具体怎么算，一定要去目标大学官网确认。
6. BTEC and Other Vocational Qualifications | BTEC 与职业类资格
BTEC Nationals are graded with combinations of Distinction*, Distinction, Merit and Pass
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