IB EE 4000词 TOK 1600词 展评950 IA字数上限
IB 文凭课程里几乎每一项要交上去的作品都有字数上限，而且各处口径完全不同：核心任务按词数算，数学按页数算，艺术类还叠了分钟数。IBO 官网与各科指南把这些限额写得很死，超额部分阅卷员根本不看。很多学生以为写完就好，真正卡住分数的是超字数之后的处理方式。这篇文章把 EE、TOK 展评与各科 IA 的数字一次列清，也说明哪些内容计入、哪些不计入。
Almost every piece of assessed work in the IB Diploma Programme carries a length limit, and the units change from component to component: core tasks are counted in words, mathematics in pages, and the arts in minutes as well. The limits are set by the IBO in the subject guides rather than by individual schools, and examiners stop reading once a candidate passes the cap. Many students assume a fuller answer scores better, yet the real damage comes from what happens after the limit is crossed.
三项核心任务的字数上限
IB 的 DP 核心有三件书面任务，字数上限分别是 EE 4000 词、TOK 论文 1600 词、TOK 展评 950 词。这三个数字写在 IBO 官网与对应指南里，不是各校自定的内部规定。TOK 的两件任务合计构成 TOK 总分，其中展评占三分之一，论文占三分之二。EE 与 TOK 合起来最多贡献核心的 3 分，字数本身不加分，只是提交门槛。很多学生以为写得越满越好，实际上 4000 词的论文写成 5000 词，只会让后半段直接作废。展评的 950 词是三件物品的评论合计数，不是每件 950 词。这一点在新生里错得最多。
The DP core contains three written tasks, capped at 4,000 words for the extended essay, 1,600 words for the TOK essay and 950 words for the TOK exhibition. Those figures come from the IBO and the relevant guides, not from school policy; within TOK the exhibition carries one third of the marks and the essay two thirds, while the core as a whole can contribute at most three points. Length earns nothing on its own. The exhibition cap applies to the commentary on all three objects combined, which is the single most common misreading among new students.
EE 字数怎么数：哪些计入，哪些不计入
EE 的 4000 词上限有一套明确的计数规则，IBO 的《Extended essay guide》用两栏表列出。计入的部分是引言、正文、结论、引文，以及不属于参考文献的脚注与尾注。不计入的部分包括目录、地图与图表、带注的插图、表格、公式与计算、引用与参考文献、书目、反思表以及页眉。常见的错误是把该写进正文的论证塞进长脚注，而脚注只要不是引用就要计入词数。表格里的数据不计入，但表格前后的说明文字照算。公式本身不算词，解释公式怎么来的句子要算。
The 4,000-word cap comes with an explicit counting rule set out in a two column table in the IBO extended essay guide. The introduction, main body, conclusion, quotations and any footnotes that are not references all count, while the contents page, maps and charts, annotated illustrations, tables, equations and calculations, citations, the bibliography, the reflection form and headers do not. A common error is to push argument into long footnotes, which count as soon as they stop being references. Data inside a table is free, but the prose that explains it is not.
用中文、日文、韩文写 EE 的字数换算
用中日韩语言写 EE 的学生要做字数换算，IBO 指南给了三条固定比例。中文按 1 词约等于 1.2 个汉字换算，上限就是 4800 个汉字。日文按 1 词约等于 2 个日文字符换算，上限 8000 个字符。韩文按 1 词等于 1 词处理，不做折算。用中文输入法统计时会把标点算进去，而标点不计入字数，只数实际字符。这一点对写中文 EE 的学生影响很大，4800 个汉字的正文其实相当宽裕。
Candidates writing the extended essay in Chinese, Japanese or Korean have to convert, and the IBO guide gives three fixed ratios. Chinese runs at roughly 1.2 characters per word, so the ceiling is 4,800 characters; Japanese allows about 8,000 characters at two characters per word, and Korean counts word for word with no conversion. Word processors in these languages usually include punctuation, which must be removed from the tally before a candidate declares a final count.
反思表 RPPF 的 500 词上限
EE 还附带一份反思表，正式名称是 Reflections on planning and progress form。IBO 指南写明三次反思的合计上限是 500 词，阅卷员不会读超出部分。这份表按标准 E 打分，考察的是学生在研究过程中的投入与调整，而不是论文写得多漂亮。三次反思分别在开题、中期与最终面谈之后完成，平均下来每次约 160 词。很多学生把反思写成流程记录，写完第三次才发现前两次已经用掉大半额度。
The extended essay also requires a reflection form, formally the Reflections on planning and progress form, and the IBO guide caps the three reflections at 500 words in total with nothing beyond that read. It is marked under criterion E and looks at how a candidate engaged with and adjusted the research, not at how polished the essay reads. The three entries follow the initial, interim and final reflection sessions, which leaves roughly 160 words for each.
超过字数会发生什么
超字数的后果不是简单扣一分，而是按超额部分从未存在来处理。EE 的指南写明阅卷员被要求不读超额内容，于是标准 B 里超出的知识理解视为没有，标准 C 里超出的分析也视为没做过。IBO 的电子上传系统会自动识别截断点，学生在系统里提交多少字，阅卷员就看到多少字。经济学 IA 的三篇评论各限 800 词，2025 年的考官须知写得很直白：800 词不是评分细则的硬要求，但阅卷员不会读第 800 词之后的内容。历史 IA 超过 2200 词时，教师评分只能基于前 2200 词。心理学 IA 超过 1800 词，标准 E 直接记零。
Going over the limit is not a small deduction, since material past the cap is treated as absent. The extended essay guide states that examiners are instructed not to read beyond 4,000 words, so knowledge beyond it is ignored under criterion B and analysis beyond it is ignored under criterion C. The IB upload system also fixes a cut off point automatically. In economics each commentary is capped at 800 words, and the 2025 examiner instructions say plainly that 800 is not a rubric requirement but that nothing past the 800th word is read.
理科 IA 的 3000 词
生物、化学与物理共用一套 IA 模型，学生各做一份科学探究，报告上限为 3000 词。这套要求 2025 年首次评估，对应 2023 年 2 月发布、2024 年 3 月更新的学科指南。IA 在两个水平都占总分 20%，HL 与 SL 的要求一致，差别只在内容深度。数据与支持信息不计入 3000 词，学校评语也不算。常见的错误是把方法写成实验手册，仪器型号、步骤与安全事项占掉一半篇幅，真正该写的误差分析反而没有空间。评估标准要的是研究设计与数据分析，不是操作记录。
Biology, chemistry and physics share one internal assessment model, in which each student completes a scientific investigation reported in no more than 3,000 words. The requirement belongs to the 2025 first assessment, tied to guides published in February 2023 and updated in March 2024, and the investigation is worth 20 percent at both levels with identical expectations. Data and supporting information sit outside the word count. Writing the method like a laboratory manual is the usual way candidates burn half their allowance before reaching the analysis.
人文社科 IA 的字数差异
人文社科各科的 IA 上限并不统一，差异比学生预想的大。地理 IA 的报告不超过 2500 词，报告里带图与表的部分另有页面规则。历史 IA 是 2200 词的历史探究，分三节：史料识别与评估、调查、反思。心理学 IA 上限 1800 词，超过就按前 1800 词评，标准 E 记零。经济学 IA 是三篇各 800 词的新闻评论，三篇合计的压力其实比单篇更大。这些数字都能在 IBO 2025 年考官须知里逐条查到，选科之前先看清本科的数字比事后删稿划算。
The internal assessment limits differ across individuals and societies subjects far more than students expect. Geography reports run to 2,500 words, history settles at 2,200 for the three part investigation covering source evaluation, the investigation itself and reflection, and psychology stops at 1,800 with criterion E scored zero beyond it. Economics splits the allowance across three commentaries of 800 words each; the total load matters more than any single piece. Each figure appears in the IBO 2025 examiner instructions for that subject.
商管、计算机与设计技术的字数与页数
商业管理的 IA 有一处细节常被忽略：注释本身有词数门槛。考官须知写明与插图无直接关系的注释、以及正文的延伸，都要计入词数，超过 10 词的注释按词数处理，10 词以内才算标签。计算机科学的 IA 是一份解决方案，总词数上限 2000 词，指南同时说明用 1500 词也能完成而不明显掉分，产品内部的文字不计入。设计技术在两个水平给出两套限额：SL 是 3000 词、38 页 A4，HL 是 4000 词、56 页 A4。页数与词数同时管，任何一项超了都算超。
Business management hides a detail about annotations, since the examiner instructions count any annotation unrelated to its illustration, and any extension of the main text, towards the word total: labels of ten words or fewer stay outside, longer notes do not. Computer science caps the solution at 2,000 words while noting that 1,500 can be enough, with text inside the product excluded. Design technology sets the limits in pairs, 3,000 words and 38 A4 pages at SL, 4,000 words and 56 pages at HL.
数学与艺术类的页数与时间口径
数学 IA 是唯一完全不按词数管的学科。数学分析与方法、数学应用与解释两门课的 IA 都叫数学探究，指南要求约 12 到 20 页、双倍行距，含图表但不含书目，并在封面页写明页数。探究占最终成绩 20%，从开场到提交建议投入 10 到 15 小时。艺术类则常把词数与时间并列：视觉艺术的文本分析上限 1750 词，舞蹈的探究在 SL 是 800 词、HL 是 1000 词，表演还要同时满足时长。数学看页数、艺术看词数与分钟，用同一套字数思维去准备会处处踩空。
Mathematics is the one subject that ignores word counts entirely. Both analysis and approaches and applications and interpretation call the internal assessment a mathematical exploration, expected to run about 12 to 20 pages at double line spacing including diagrams but excluding the bibliography, with the page total declared on the cover page and 20 percent of the final grade attached. The arts often pair a word limit with a time limit, as visual arts does at 1,750 words for the textual analysis and dance does at 800 words for SL and 1,000 for HL.
提交环节的截断与自查
字数问题在提交环节会被系统放大，因为上传之后改不回来。EE 的电子上传会自动识别超出部分，学生在截止前看到的最后一次版本就是最终版本。学校的内部截止日期通常早于 IB 的官方日期，真正的可编辑窗口比想象中短。引用与书目不计入词数，但缺了就变成学术诚信问题，删掉它们省不下字数还添麻烦。数学探究的页数、视觉艺术文本分析的词数，都要写在指南指定的位置，漏写等于让阅卷员自己猜。上传前用按计入项重算的方式核对一遍，比事后申诉有效得多。
The upload step magnifies any length problem, because there is no way back once a file is submitted. The extended essay system fixes a cut off point on upload, and the version a candidate sees at the school deadline is the version that gets marked, since internal deadlines come earlier than the IB dates. Citations and the bibliography stay outside the count yet must still be present. Page totals for the mathematics exploration and word totals for the visual arts analysis belong where the guide says they belong.
写作阶段怎么分配字数
字数要在动笔之前分配，不要留到定稿再删。EE 的 4000 词可以按引言、正文主体、结论切块，主体占七成以上比较稳。删稿时优先删例子与背景，论证链条不要动，删掉一个数据点比删掉一句推理安全。把数据搬进表格与图是唯一合法的减字方式，因为表格不计入词数，但图注要短。公式与计算不计入词数，解释公式来源的句子要计入，这两件事常被混为一谈。写中文 EE 的学生按 4800 字符规划，比按 4000 词规划更贴近实际操作。初稿留出一成余量，定稿再压回去，比一路贴着上限写更省时间。
Budget the words before drafting rather than trimming at the end. A 4,000 word essay divides into introduction, main body and conclusion, with the body taking at least seventy percent, and when cuts are needed the examples and background go first because the chain of reasoning is what earns marks. Moving data into tables and figures is the one legitimate way to shed words. Candidates writing in Chinese should plan against 4,800 characters, which matches how their software actually counts.
常见错误与阅卷视角
很多学生以为附录能救字数，实际上阅卷员按指南只评到截断点，附录里的论证不会被看到。常见的错误是正文留白、把关键内容放进图注与长注释，商业管理与地理的报告里尤其多。阅卷时阅卷员看到的是系统给出的那一段文字，超出部分连翻页的机会都没有。中文写作者常把 4800 字符与 4000 词混为一谈，等到核字数才发现少了八百字的空间。还有一类失手是把三篇经济学评论当成一篇写，单篇八百词被摊成两百词的摘要。这些错误都不涉及知识水平，纯粹是没读指南里的计数规则。
Many students believe an appendix rescues the word count, yet examiners assess only to the cut off point and never reach the argument parked there. A common error is to thin out the body and move key content into figure captions and long annotations, which shows up most in business management and geography reports. Examiners see exactly the block of text the system delivers. Chinese candidates routinely confuse 4,800 characters with 4,000 words, and only discover the gap when they finally count.
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