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UK Home Education Transfer: Steps for Parents, Schools and Local Authorities | 英国中学生转居家教育：家长、学校与地方政府要走的步骤

2026-10-15 13:28 · 本文部分内容由AI辅助创作

📚 UK Home Education Transfer: Steps for Parents, Schools and Local Authorities | 英国中学生转居家教育：家长、学校与地方政府要走的步骤

Every year thousands of UK families move a secondary-age child out of school and into elective home education (EHE). The move is lawful, but it is not one decision - it is a sequence of legal and administrative steps carried out by three parties: the parent, the school and the local authority (LA). Getting the sequence right protects the child's exam pathway, keeps the family clear of a school attendance order, and prevents the school from being accused of off-rolling.

每年都有成千上万的英国家庭把中学阶段的孩子从学校转入选择性居家教育（EHE）。这一步完全合法，但它不是一个单一决定，而是由三方——家长、学校与地方政府（LA）——依次完成的一系列法律和行政步骤。把顺序做对，孩子的考试路径就能保住，家庭不会收到就学令，学校也不会被指控"甩学籍"（off-rolling）。

1. The Legal Starting Point: Section 7 of the Education Act 1996 | 法律起点：1996年《教育法》第7条

In England the duty to secure a child's education belongs to the parent, not to the school and not to the state. Section 7 of the Education Act 1996 requires every parent of a child of compulsory school age to cause that child to receive efficient full-time education suitable to the child's age, ability and aptitude, and to any special educational needs the child may have - either by regular attendance at school or otherwise. The two words 'or otherwise' are the entire legal foundation of home education.

在英格兰，保障孩子受教育的责任属于家长，既不属于学校，也不属于国家。1996年《教育法》第7条要求每一位义务教育年龄段儿童的家长，使孩子接受适合其年龄、能力、性向以及任何特殊教育需要的有效全日制教育——方式可以是正常到校就读，也可以是其他方式。"其他方式"这几个字，就是居家教育的全部法律基础。

There is no requirement in England for a parent to be a qualified teacher, to follow the National Curriculum, to keep school hours, to use a set number of hours per week, or to obtain anyone's permission. The state's role is to check that a suitable education is actually taking place, not to approve a preferred teaching style.

在英格兰，家长不必是合格教师，不必遵循国家课程，不必遵守学校作息，不必保证每周固定学时，也不需要取得任何人的许可。国家的角色是核查教育是否确实适当，而不是批准某种偏好的教学风格。

Suitable education = efficient + full-time + suitable to age, ability, aptitude and SEN

2. How the Four UK Nations Differ | 英国四个地区的规则差异

The deregistration rules are not identical across the UK. England is the most deregulated; Scotland and Northern Ireland require the authority's agreement before a child leaves a school roll. Always check the guidance published by the devolved government and by your own local authority before you write any letter.

英国各地的注销学籍规则并不一致。英格兰最宽松；苏格兰和北爱尔兰则要求先取得教育主管部门的同意，孩子才能离开学校学籍。在动笔写信之前，务必先查看所在地的政府指引以及你所属地方政府的政策文件。

Nation | 地区 Must the school be told? | 必须通知学校吗 Is LA consent needed? | 需要地方政府同意吗
England | 英格兰 Yes, in writing, if the child is on roll | 是，若孩子在校学籍内须书面通知 No - except where the child attends a special school named in an EHC plan | 不需要——但EHC计划中点名的特殊学校除外
Scotland | 苏格兰 Yes, and consent must be sought | 是，且必须申请同意 Yes - the authority must consent to withdrawal from a public school | 需要——须经地方政府同意方可退学
Wales | 威尔士 Yes, in writing | 是，须书面通知 Generally no, but the LA may make enquiries | 一般不需要，但地方政府可进行查询
Northern Ireland | 北爱尔兰 Yes, an application is made | 是，须提出申请 Yes - the Education Authority must be satisfied | 需要——须使教育署满意

3. Step 1 - The Family's Decision and Preparation | 第一步——家庭决策与准备

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Before any letter is written, the family should be able to answer four practical questions: why the move is being made; who will deliver the teaching; how many years remain until GCSE or National 5; and where the child will sit external exams. Home education is rarely cheaper or easier than school, and the exam years carry the heaviest cost.

在写任何信之前，家庭应当能回答四个实际问题：为什么要转；由谁来教；距离GCSE或National 5还有几年；孩子将在哪里参加外部考试。居家教育很少比学校更省钱或更省力，而考试年份的开销最大。