📚 GCSE and A-Level PE Activity Lists: Public Call for New Additions | GCSE与A-Level体育考核活动清单公开征集新增项目
Every GCSE and A-level Physical Education specification contains a practical activity list - the official menu of sports, dances and outdoor pursuits in which candidates may be assessed. If an activity is not on that list, a student cannot normally use it for their non-exam assessment (NEA), no matter how talented they are. Awarding organisations review these lists periodically, and when they do, teachers, students, coaches, national governing bodies and the wider public are usually invited to propose additions.
每一份GCSE与A-Level体育（Physical Education）考试大纲都附有一份实操活动清单，也就是考生可被考核的运动、舞蹈与户外项目的官方"菜单"。如果某项活动不在清单上，学生通常无法将其用于非考试评估（NEA），无论其天赋多高。考试局会定期审查这些清单，在审查期间，教师、学生、教练、国家单项协会及公众通常都会被邀请提出新增建议。
1. What the Activity Lists Actually Are | 什么是体育考核活动清单
The activity list is a formal appendix to a specification. It names every approved activity and, in most cases, the roles that can be assessed: performer, coach or official. An activity may be approved at GCSE but not at A-level, or approved by one board but not another, so the list is never universal.
活动清单是考试大纲的正式附件，列明所有被认可的活动项目，并在多数情况下注明可被考核的角色：运动员、教练或裁判。某项活动可能在GCSE被认可但在A-Level不被认可，也可能只被某一个考试局认可，因此清单从来不是通用统一的。
Awarding organisations such as AQA, OCR, Pearson Edexcel and WJEC/Eduqas set their own lists, but they must work within subject content and regulatory requirements. That means a proposed addition has to satisfy both the sport's own competitive structure and the assessment rules that the regulator expects to see.
AQA、OCR、培生爱德思（Pearson Edexcel）与WJEC/Eduqas等考试局各自制定清单，但必须遵守学科内容与监管要求。这意味着一个拟新增项目既要符合该运动自身的竞赛体系，也要满足监管机构对评估规则的要求。
The list is also a statement about equality of access. If the only approved activities require expensive facilities, a particular climate or a narrow set of cultural traditions, schools and candidates are effectively excluded before assessment begins.
清单同时也是一份关于"机会平等"的声明。如果被认可的活动全都依赖昂贵设施、特定气候或单一文化传统，那么部分学校与考生在评估开始之前就已经被排除在外了。
2. Why the Lists Are Reviewed and Opened to the Public | 为什么清单需要审查并向公众征集
Sport does not stand still. New disciplines gain national governing bodies, codified rules, league structures and coaching pathways. When that happens, it is reasonable for the assessment menu to be re-examined rather than frozen at the point the specification was written.
体育运动不会停滞。新兴项目会逐渐拥有国家单项协会、成文规则、联赛体系与教练培养路径。当这种情况出现时，重新审视考核项目清单显然比把它冻结在大纲编写那一刻更合理。
Reviews are also driven by inclusion and cost. Schools increasingly look for low-equipment, high-participation activities that work in small halls, on playgrounds or in local parks. Physical literacy, lifelong activity and pupil wellbeing all point towards a broader menu.
审查同样源于包容性与成本考量。学校越来越需要设备要求低、参与度高的活动，能在小体育馆、操场或社区公园开展。体育素养、终身体育与学生的身心健康，都指向一份更宽广的清单。
Finally, public consultation improves legitimacy. When a change is made after evidence has been gathered from teachers, candidates, coaches and governing bodies, the resulting list is more likely to be trusted - and more likely to survive moderation scrutiny.
最后，公开征集能提升决策的正当性。当一项改动是在收集了教师、考生、教练与单项协会的证据之后作出的，最终清单更容易被信任，也更容易经受住审核与调分的检验。
3. How Practical Assessment Works Across the Boards | 各考试局实操考核的基本结构
At GCSE, candidates are normally assessed in three different activities; at A-level, they are assessed in one activity in depth and then analyse and evaluate performance in a written piece of work. Exact weightings vary, so always read the specification you are actually entered for.
在GCSE阶段，考生通常要在三个不同项目中接受评估；在A-Level阶段，则要在一个项目上进行深度评估，并完成一份书面表现分析与评价。具体权重各有不同，因此务必查阅你实际报考的那份大纲。
| Awarding organisation | GCSE practical | A-level practical | Typical NEA share |
|---|---|---|---|
| AQA | 3 different activities + written analysis | 1 activity + written analysis and evaluation | GCSE ≈ 40%, A-level ≈ 30% |
| OCR | 3 activities + analysis and evaluation task | 1 activity + evaluation and analysis task | GCSE ≈ 40%, A-level ≈ 30% |
| Pearson Edexcel | 3 activities + personal exercise programme | 1 activity + performance programme | GCSE ≈ 40%, A-level ≈ 30% |
| WJEC / Eduqas | 3 activities + written analysis | 1 activity + written analysis | ≈ 30-40% |
Figures above are indicative only. Percentages, activity numbers and the mix of team and individual activities differ between boards and can change between specification versions, so verify against the current specification, sample assessment materials and moderator guidance.
上表数据仅供参考。各项百分比、活动数量以及团队项目与个人项目的搭配，各考试局之间存在差异，也可能随大纲版本更新而变化，请以现行大纲、样卷材料与审核指导文件为准。
4. The Criteria a New Activity Must Meet | 新增项目必须满足的标准
A proposal is far more likely to succeed if it answers the technical questions an awarding organisation will ask. Think of the list as an assessment instrument, not a popularity poll.
如果一份提案能够回答考试局会提出的技术性问题，它成功的可能性就大得多。要把清单看成一个"评估工具"，而不是一场人气投票。
- A recognised national governing body with codified rules and a competition calendar - 拥有官方认可的国家单项协会、成文规则与竞赛日程。
- A clear progression of skills that can be graded from beginner to advanced performer - 具备可从初学者到高水平运动员分级评价的清晰技能进阶路径。
- Feasibility in a school context: facilities, equipment, staffing, timetabling and risk assessment - 在学校情境中具备可行性：场地、器材、师资、排课与风险评估。
- Sufficient candidate numbers and teacher or coach expertise to deliver and verify evidence - 有足够的考生人数，以及能够授课并核验证据的教师或教练资源。
- An objective, reliable assessment model that two moderators would score similarly - 具备客观、可靠的评估模型，不同审核员给出的评分应基本一致。
- For A-level, enough depth to support written analysis and evaluation, not just execution - 对A-Level而言，项目需有足够深度以支撑书面分析与评价，而不仅是完成动作。
- Compliance with equality duties, health and safety law and safeguarding expectations - 符合平等义务、健康安全法规与未成年人保护要求。
A sport that fails on reliability, on safety or on accessibility will usually be rejected even if it is exciting, fashionable and well supported by a governing body.
即使某项运动刺激、流行且获单项协会大力支持，只要在可靠性、安全性或可及性上不达标，通常仍会被否决。
5. Where the Gaps Are: Categories Under Review | 待补充的类别与空白
Most lists are organised by activity category, and it is easier to see the gaps when you group them. Typical categories include invasion games, striking and fielding games, net and wall games, individual activities, outdoor and adventurous activities, fitness and conditioning, dance, combat, swimming and adapted or disability sport.
多数清单按活动类别编排，按类别归纳后更容易看出空白。常见类别包括：侵入性对抗项目、击打与守备类项目、隔网与墙类项目、个人项目、户外探险类项目、体能与 conditioning、舞蹈、格
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