📚 QS World University Rankings by Region: Asia and Its Sub-Regional Tables | QS 世界大学地区排名：亚洲榜及其东亚、东南亚等子榜
Every autumn, a new set of QS regional tables lands, and within days students in Hong Kong, Singapore, Seoul, Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur and Jakarta are comparing numbers. The QS World University Rankings: Asia is not simply a cut-down version of the global ranking; it uses its own indicator set, its own normalisation, and it is deliberately built around the things that matter to Asian institutions - research volume, exchange mobility and internationalisation. This guide explains how the Asia table works, how its sub-regional views (East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and West Asia) are formed, what the numbers can and cannot tell you, and how A-Level students can use the data sensibly alongside entry requirements and scholarships.
每年秋季 QS 地区榜单发布后，香港、新加坡、首尔、东京、吉隆坡和雅加达的学生几乎立刻开始比对名次。QS 亚洲大学排名并不是全球榜的"缩减版"：它采用独立的指标体系和归一化方法，并刻意围绕亚洲院校真正重要的事情设计——科研产出规模、交换流动性与国际化程度。本文将说明亚洲榜的运作方式、东亚／东南亚／南亚／中亚／西亚等子区域视角如何形成、这些数字能说明什么与不能说明什么，以及 A-Level 学生应如何把排名与入学要求、奖学金信息结合使用。
1. What the QS Asia Rankings Actually Are | QS 亚洲大学排名究竟是什么
QS has published an Asian regional ranking since 2009, and it has been revised repeatedly since then. The table covers institutions from across the continent and is released as a standalone ranking with its own methodology document, separate from the QS World University Rankings. The purpose is comparative analysis within a region where research funding, language of instruction, tuition levels and student mobility patterns differ enormously from the Anglophone markets that dominate the global table.
QS 自 2009 年起发布亚洲地区排名，此后多次修订。该榜单覆盖亚洲各地院校，作为独立排名发布，并配有单独的方法论文档，与 QS 世界大学排名分开。其目的是在同一区域内部做比较分析——而亚洲的科研经费、授课语言、学费水平和学生流动模式，与主导全球榜的英语国家市场差异极大。
Because the Asia table is region-specific, an institution's position in it can look very different from its global position. A university ranked just outside the global top 100 may sit inside the Asian top 20; another may be strong globally on reputation but comparatively weaker on the Asia table's exchange and staffing indicators.
由于亚洲榜是区域专属的，同一所院校在其中的名次可能与全球名次相差很大。全球百名开外的大学，可能进入亚洲前 20；也有院校在全球声誉指标上很强，但在亚洲榜的交换与师资指标上相对偏弱。
- Scope: institutions across East, Southeast, South, Central and West Asia, subject to QS's regional classification for that edition.
- Publisher: QS Quacquarelli Symonds, which also produces the global ranking, subject rankings and other regional tables.
- 频率：通常每年更新一次，一般在年底前后发布下一学年版。
2. How Asia Is Split: The Sub-Regional Views | 亚洲榜如何分区：东亚、东南亚等子榜
QS publishes one Asia table rather than five separate ones, but the data is presented and analysed in sub-regional groupings. Those groupings are what most people mean when they talk about an "East Asia ranking" or a "Southeast Asia ranking": the same underlying scores, filtered by geography and discussed as a coherent block.
QS 发布的是单一的亚洲榜，而不是五张完全独立的榜单，但其数据会按子区域分组呈现与分析。人们口中所说的"东亚榜""东南亚榜"，通常就是指这种视角：使用同一套底层分数，按地理范围筛选后作为一个整体来解读。
| Sub-region | 子区域 | Typical systems covered | 通常涵盖的教育体系 |
| East Asia 东亚 | Mainland China, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Mongolia 中国内地、香港、澳门、台湾、日本、韩国、蒙古 |
| Southeast Asia 东南亚 | Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar 新加坡、马来西亚、泰国、印尼、菲律宾、越南、文莱、柬埔寨、老挝、缅甸 |
| South Asia 南亚 | India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal 印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡、尼泊尔 |
| Central Asia 中亚 | Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan 哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦等 |
| West Asia 西亚 | Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Lebanon, Jordan, Iran and neighbours 沙特、阿联酋、卡塔尔、黎巴嫩、约旦、伊朗等 |
Two geographical caveats matter. First, QS also runs a separate Arab Region table, which overlaps with West Asia but adds North Africa. Second, Turkey is generally handled in QS's Emerging Europe and Central Asia table rather than the Asia table. Always open the current edition's scope note before assuming which table an institution belongs to.
有两点地理细节必须注意。第一，QS 另有独立的阿拉伯地区榜，它与西亚重合，但把北非也纳入其中。第二，土耳其通常被归入 QS 的"新兴欧洲与中亚"榜，而不是亚洲榜。在假设某所大学属于哪张榜之前，务必查看当版榜单的覆盖范围说明。
3. Methodology: The Indicators Behind the Numbers | 方法论：名次背后的指标
The Asia methodology blends reputational surveys with hard research metrics and a distinctive mobility block. Weights have been adjusted across editions, so treat the figures below as the recent framework rather than a permanent formula, and always confirm against the current methodology page.
亚洲榜的方法论把声誉调查、硬性科研指标和一组颇具特色的"流动性"指标结合起来。各项权重在不同版本间有过调整，因此下表应视为近期框架，而非永久的公式，并请以最新方法论文档为准。
| Indicator | 指标 | Approx. weight | 约计权重 | What it rewards | 奖励什么 |
| Academic reputation 学术声誉 | 30% | Long-standing research reputation 长期科研声望 |
| Employer reputation 雇主声誉 | 20% | Graduate employability as seen by recruiters 招聘方眼中的毕业生竞争力 |
| Faculty/student ratio 师生比 | 10% | Teaching capacity 教学承载能力 |
| International research network 国际研究网络 | 10% | Cross-border co-authorship 跨境合作论文 |
| Citations per paper 篇均引用 | 10% | Research impact, field-normalised 领域归一化后的科研影响 |
| Papers per faculty 师均论文 | 5% | Research volume 科研产出规模 |
| Staff with PhD 博士学位教师占比 | 5% | Teaching staff qualifications 师资学历 |
| International faculty 国际教师 | 2.5% | International academic staff share 国际教员比例 |
| International students 国际学生 | 2.5% | International student share 国际生比例 |
| Inbound exchange 接收交换生 | 2.5% | Exchange partner inflow 交换生接收規模 |
