英格兰手机禁令 2026年9月起 第六学级
英格兰的校园手机管理从今年秋季学期起有了法律约束力。英国教育部（DfE）官网上公布的《Mobile phones in schools》指引在 2026 年 6 月 29 日成为法定指引，学校从 2026 年 9 月 1 日起应当开始执行。它要求学校默认成为无手机环境，而不是让每所学校自行决定宽松到什么程度。对正在读 GCSE 或 A-Level 的学生来说，手机能不能带进校园、课间能不能看、第六学级有没有例外，现在都有了更明确的边界。这篇文章把指引里的时间线、法律依据、适用范围与例外情形拆开讲清楚，也把学生和家长最容易误解的几处点出来。文中事实取自 gov.uk 与 legislation.gov.uk 公布的正文，学校的具体做法仍以本校公布的行为政策为准。
England's schools now work under a legal duty rather than a soft recommendation. The Department for Education guidance on mobile phones in schools became statutory on 29 June 2026, and schools were expected to begin following it from 1 September 2026; it states that every school should be a mobile phone-free environment by default, with anything else treated as an exception. For GCSE and A-Level students the practical questions are narrower than the headlines suggest: whether a phone may travel to school, where it has to be during the day, and what the rules look like in a sixth form. This article sets out the timeline, the legal basis and the exceptions; the version that binds you is the one your own school publishes.
指引的三次更新与 2026 年 9 月 1 日的执行节点
英格兰的校园手机指引最早在 2024 年 2 月 19 日发布，当时只是非法定的建议。修订版在 2026 年 1 月 19 日上线，同日政府宣布就儿童的社交媒体使用征求意见，并说明 Ofsted 会把学校的手机政策与执行情况纳入督导。到了 2026 年 6 月 29 日，这份指引成为法定指引，相应法律义务随之生效。学校被告知从 2026 年 9 月 1 日起应当开始执行，也就是新学年的第一天。时间线里最容易被忽略的是「成为法定」与「开始执行」是两件事，前者在 6 月底，后者在 9 月初。很多学生以为 9 月 1 日才第一次出现这条政策，其实学校在此之前就该完成行为政策的修订与家长沟通。开学第一周如果仍在过渡，通常是学校安排了试点或分阶段推进，而不是政策本身推迟。
The first version of this guidance appeared in February 2024 and was advisory only. A revised version arrived on 19 January 2026, published alongside a consultation on children's social media use and an announcement that Ofsted would examine phone policies during inspections; the guidance then became statutory on 29 June 2026. Schools were told to begin following it from 1 September 2026, so becoming law and starting to apply are two separate dates in the same school year. Many schools spent the summer rewriting behaviour policies and briefing parents, which is why pouches, lockers or phone collection may still be settling in during the first weeks of September.
法律依据：儿童福祉与学校法 2026 第 36 条
把这套要求从建议变成义务的，是 2026 年通过的《Children's Wellbeing and Schools Act 2026》。这部法律在 2026 年 4 月 29 日获得御准，法律编号为 c. 21，其中第 36 条专门处理学校手机指引。第 36 条在教育法 1996 中新增第 550C 条，规定英格兰学校的 appropriate person 在行使与学校管理有关的职能时，必须把部长发布的相关指引纳入考虑。公立学校、基金会学校与特殊学校的 appropriate person 是校长，其他类型的学校是校董或办学人。同一节还修改了《Education and Inspections Act 2006》第 89 条，使手机指引在出现冲突时优先于其他通知或指引。常见的错误是把它读成一部新设罚则的法律，其实它先解决的是学校必须参考并落实指引这一层义务。
The provision that turned guidance into a duty sits in the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Act 2026, which received royal assent on 29 April 2026 as chapter 21. Section 36 inserts a new section 550C into the Education Act 1996, requiring the appropriate person for an English school to have regard to guidance issued by the Secretary of State about pupils having and using mobile phones during school hours and on school premises. For community, foundation and voluntary schools that person is the head teacher, and for other schools it is the proprietor. Section 36 also amends the Education and Inspections Act 2006 so that this guidance overrides inconsistent directions, which means a school cannot claim an older instruction excuses it from the new duty.
适用范围：哪些学校必须执行，哪些被排除
指引适用于公立学校、学院、自由学校、非公立特殊学校与独立学校，读者对象包括多学院信托及其理事会、校董会与办学人、学校领导与教职员，以及地方当局。它不适用于 16 至 19 岁的学院、16 至 19 岁的自由学校、继续教育学院与六年制学院，也不适用于其他独立设置的 post-16 机构。这一点对 A-Level 阶段的学生尤其关键：如果你读的是独立的 sixth-form college，法定要求并不直接覆盖你，但校方仍可参考指引自行制定政策。反过来说，如果你在一所 11 至 18 岁的学校或学院读第六学级，那么学校的手机政策必须覆盖你。很多学生以为年满 16 岁就自动脱离禁令，实际判断标准是学校类型而不是年龄。带手机进校园之前，先确认自己所在机构属于哪一类，比争论年龄更有效。
The guidance names maintained schools, academies, free schools, non-maintained special schools and independent schools, and it speaks to multi-academy trusts, governing bodies, proprietors, school leaders and local authorities. Standalone 16 to 19 academies, 16 to 19 free schools, further education and sixth-form colleges, and other post-16 institutions fall outside it, although they may refer to it when writing their own rules. That distinction matters at A-Level, because a student at a separate sixth-form college is not covered by the statutory duty while a sixth former inside an 11 to 18 school is. Turning 16 does not by itself remove a pupil from the policy; the test is the type of institution, not the age on the register.
全天禁用的时段与自带设备政策的边界
指引要求学校制定一条政策，让学生在整个校日内无法使用手机，覆盖课堂上、换课途中、课间与午餐时间。它把其他具备类似功能的智能设备一并纳入，例如能收发通知或消息、能录音录像的设备，具体清单由学校在自己的政策里确定。默认状态是无手机环境，任何例外都应当按特殊情况处理，而不是常设的宽松条款。学校如果推行自带设备计划来支持笔记本与平板教学，这类设备要按学校的自带设备政策与信息通信技术可接受使用政策管理，但自带设备政策里不应包含手机。学校还要确保内容过滤与监控系统到位并定期复核，与保障儿童安全的指引保持一致。
A school's policy has to keep phones out of use across the whole school day, covering lessons, the time between lessons, break times and lunchtime. The guidance also captures other smart technology with similar functions, such as devices that can send or receive messages and notifications or record audio and video, with schools deciding exactly which devices their policy names. Mobile phone-free should be the default, and anything else should exist only by exception; where a school runs a bring your own device scheme for laptops and tablets, phones are not part of it.
第六学级的弹性安排与不可逾越的限制
指引给第六学级留了一条通道，学校可以考虑允许学生在特定的时间与地点使用手机，以体现这一阶段对独立性与责任感的期待。可用的空间通常被限定在第六学级专用的公共休息室一类场所，前提是不影响其他年级的禁令。学生在低年级同学面前使用手机应当被禁止，这是弹性的硬边界。第六学级学生仍然受学校行为政策约束，滥用手机可能带来处分。是否给这条弹性、给到什么程度，由校长结合本校情况决定，指引只给出考虑方向。常见的错误是把这条通道理解成第六学级豁免，豁免与限定时间地点使用是两种不同的安排。想确认自己的学校属于哪一种，直接查学校公布的行为政策即可。
Sixth form is the one place where the guidance invites flexibility, allowing schools to consider limited access at certain times and in certain locations in recognition of greater independence and responsibility. In practice this usually means a sixth-form common room rather than corridors or canteens shared with younger pupils, and use in front of younger pupils should be prohibited. Sixth-form students remain subject to the behaviour policy, and misuse of a phone can still lead to sanctions. How much flexibility to allow, if any, is a decision for the head teacher in the school's own context rather than a right created by the guidance.
寄宿学校的教学日禁令与家长联系安排
寄宿学校与住宿学校应当在教学日禁止使用手机，教学日指的是当天第一节开始到最后一节结束的这段时间。教学日之外的时间由学校自行制定政策，但必须符合寄宿学校与住宿特殊学校的国家最低标准，把受托儿童的福利放在前面。指引特别提到要让住宿生能在私下、双方都方便的时间与父母和家人联系。对国际学生，学校还要把时区差异考虑进去，安排可行的通话窗口。家长常常以为住宿禁令意味着孩子与外界完全断联，实际要求恰好相反。学校如果在沟通安排上没有交代清楚，家长就会在开学第一个月反复打电话到校务处。
Boarding and residential schools should prohibit phone use throughout the teaching day, meaning the period from the first to the last school session on a school day. Outside those hours they write their own policy, but it has to sit inside the national minimum standards for boarding schools and residential special schools and safeguard the children in their care. The guidance asks schools to make private contact with parents and families possible, at times that suit both sides, and for international pupils that includes taking time zones into account. Parents sometimes assume a boarding ban removes contact altogether, when the published requirement is the opposite.
处分与没收：法律对教职员的保护与比例原则
学校可以使用一系列处分来处理违反手机政策的行为，指引明确举出没收与留堂两种。指引鼓励学校在政策被清楚违反时行使没收权，例如学生正在使用手机，或手机在书包里响起。法律保护教职员在合法没收的情况下免于因物品丢失或损坏而被起诉，前提是行为本身合法。校长在判断是否没收以及没收多久时被要求考虑比例，包括没收要达成的行为结果、是否还有其他方式达成同样结果，以及学生的年龄与特殊教育需要。没收对特定学生可以是个别威慑，对全校学生也可以是一般威慑。如果违规行为让人怀疑学生可能正在受到伤害，教职员应当按学校儿童保护政策联系指定安全保障负责人。
Confiscation and detentions are the two sanctions the guidance names, and schools can use a range appropriate to their own context. Head teachers are supported in confiscating a phone where the policy is clearly breached, for example when a device is being used or rings in a bag, and staff are protected from liability in proceedings about loss or damage where they have acted lawfully. Proportion matters, so schools should weigh what the confiscation is meant to achieve, whether another sanction would achieve the same outcome, and the pupil's age and special educational needs. Where misbehaviour raises a safeguarding concern, staff follow the child protection policy and speak to the designated safeguarding lead.
搜查权与禁止物品清单的执行方式
校长以及获得授权的教职员在有合理理由怀疑学生携带禁止物品时，依法可以搜查学生本人或其物品。禁止物品的范围来自教育法 1996 第 550ZA 条以及《Schools (Specification and Disposal of Articles) Regulations 2012》所列的物品。学生手册或校规中被明确列为可搜查的物品同样在范围内，指引建议校长把手机与类似设备写进行为政策，让搜查权有明确落点。搜查的具体程序要依《searching, screening and confiscation in schools》指引执行，包括搜查前告知理由与注意学生隐私。很多学生以为手机不算禁止物品，所以搜查无从谈起，这一点要按学校公布的政策重新理解。遇到争议时，可核对学校政策的原文，而不是凭印象推断。
Head teachers and the staff they authorise can search a pupil or their possessions where there are reasonable grounds to suspect a prohibited item is being carried. Prohibited items are defined by section 550ZA of the Education Act 1996 and the items listed in the Schools (Specification and Disposal of Articles) Regulations 2012, and schools may also search for items their own rules identify, which is why the guidance suggests naming phones in the behaviour policy. The procedure to follow is set out in the searching, screening and confiscation guidance, which covers explaining the grounds and respecting pupils' privacy. Many pupils assume a phone can never be searched for, and that assumption does not survive contact with a published school policy.
合理调整：残障学生与医疗条件的例外
禁令之外还有一组必须遵守的法律义务，学校不能因为执行手机政策而违反它们。平等法 2010 要求学校采取合理步骤，避免残障学生因学校的政策或做法处于实质不利地位，必要时允许其在校园内使用手机可能构成合理调整。儿童与家庭法 2014 要求学校为有医疗状况的学生作出支持安排，指引举了糖尿病的例子：学生通过手机连接的传感器持续监测血糖，这种使用不应被学校阻止。除这两类义务之外，学校还应考虑学生的个别处境，例如在家承担照护责任的学生，并可在青年照护者政策等文件中写入安排。给予弹性不等于让这些学生完全不受限制，学校应当设计在特定时间与地点为特定目的使用的方式。家长如果认为孩子需要调整，最有效的做法是尽早与学校沟通并形成书面计划。
Two legal duties sit behind any phone policy. The Equality Act 2010 requires schools to take reasonable steps to avoid substantial disadvantage to a disabled pupil caused by their policies, and allowing a phone during the day may be exactly that kind of adjustment; the Children and Families Act 2014 requires arrangements for pupils with medical conditions, and the guidance's own example is a pupil with diabetes whose continuous glucose monitor links to a phone. Beyond those duties, schools should consider individual circumstances such as caring responsibilities at home and may record arrangements in other policies. Flexibility is not exemption, because schools are expected to design specific times and places for a specific purpose.
校外活动与通勤路上的手机处理
住宿营与其他安排在校外进行的活动，由学校自己决定如何管理手机使用。指引要求学校确保这类活动的教育体验不被手机打断，可以考虑禁止或限制使用。设计政策时还要想到上学与放学路上的情况，尤其是学生不带手机会带来风险或风险感知的时候。指引鼓励学校与家长协商，找出应对具体顾虑的办法，让政策更容易获得支持。学校还应当保持对网络安全风险的警觉，确保学生在需要就网络事件向老师反映问题时能够使用手机，住宿环境里这一点更要紧。家长在开学前把通勤顾虑写成具体问题反馈给学校，通常比开学后临时交涉更有用。
Residential trips and activities outside the normal school day are left to schools to manage, with the expectation that phones should not disrupt the educational experience and that prohibition or restriction is a reasonable choice. Schools are also asked to think about journeys to and from school, particularly where not carrying a phone creates a real or perceived risk. Consulting parents on those worries is encouraged, both to find workable mitigations and to build support for the policy. Online safety duties continue to apply, so pupils must be able to reach a phone when they need to raise a concern with staff, which matters most in residential settings.
教职员自身的手机使用与执行一致性
指引把教职员的行为也算进执行范围：工作人员不应在校日里当着学生的面因私使用自己的手机。理由很直接，教职员自己守着规则，才有立场要求学生守规则。指引也承认有些场合需要用到手机或其他类似设备，例如布置作业、发放奖励与处分、完成双重身份验证。学校的管理机构与领导层应当把对这些情形的期待向教职员讲清楚。很多学生以为老师可以用手机而学生不能，这个观察本身不构成对政策的反驳，但它确实会削弱政策的可信度。指引把它写进去，正是为了让执行标准在两群人之间保持一致。
Staff are part of the policy, since teachers should not use their own phone for personal reasons in front of pupils during the school day. The logic is straightforward, in that staff who keep the rule are better placed to enforce it, and the guidance accepts that some tasks genuinely need a device, such as setting homework, recording rewards and sanctions, or completing multi-factor authentication. Responsible bodies and school leaders are expected to be clear with staff about where those lines sit. Pupils notice inconsistency quickly, and a teacher scrolling in a corridor weakens the policy more effectively than any argument against it.
Ofsted 督导、行为调查与 2027 年 9 月前的复核
政府已说明 Ofsted 会把学校的手机政策及其执行情况纳入每一次学校督导，政策是否真正落地会影响督导判断。英国教育部（DfE）官网的沟通材料里给了几组可核对的数据。儿童事务专员的研究结果是，99.8% 的小学与 90% 的中学此前已有限制或禁止校内使用手机的政策。全国行为调查的最新一轮（2024 至 2025 年度）里，58% 的中学生报告至少部分课堂有人在未经许可的情况下使用手机，关键阶段 4 的比例升到 65%。Ofcom 在 2025 年的调查中，8 至 17 岁儿童有 31% 经历过有人通过网络通讯对其实施恶意或伤害行为。上议院的辩论记录显示，部长表示会依据 DfE 年度行为调查复核指引，并在 2027 年 9 月前作出必要修订。
Ofsted will examine a school's phone policy and how it is implemented as part of every inspection, so published rules and consistent practice now carry inspection weight. The figures in the Department for Education's parent-facing material come from official sources, including the Children's Commissioner's research, which found that 99.8% of primary schools and 90% of secondary schools already restricted phones. In the 2024 to 2025 National Behaviour Survey, 58% of secondary pupils reported phones being used without permission in at least some lessons, rising to 65% at key stage 4, while Ofcom's 2025 data records 31% of children aged 8 to 17 experiencing someone being nasty or hurtful towards them through communications technology. The minister told the House of Lords on 27 April 2026 that the guidance would be reviewed in the light of the annual behaviour survey and revised where necessary by September 2027.
开学前值得做的三件事：查一遍自己学校公布的行为政策里手机那一条，确认第六学级或医疗需要是否有单独安排，把通勤与联络上的具体顾虑提前写邮件给校务处。政策的法律依据与执行细节都能在 gov.uk 与 legislation.gov.uk 查到原文。
Three things are worth doing before term starts: read the phone section of your school's published behaviour policy, confirm whether any sixth-form or medical arrangement applies, and put travel or contact concerns in writing to the school office early. The legal basis is readable in full on gov.uk and legislation.gov.uk.
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