2026至2027 学费上限 生活费贷款 助学金
英格兰的学费上限在 2026 至 2027 学年再次上调，生活费贷款、研究生贷款与还款规则跟着一起调整。英国教育部在 2025 年 11 月 26 日公布了这一学年的学费与助学支持指引，适用范围同时覆盖新生与已经在读的学生。这篇文章把变化逐项拆开：上限涨了多少、贷款额度怎么跟着动、哪一类学生的算法变了，以及 2027 年之后的规则怎么接上。很多学生以为学费上限就是自己每年要交的钱，其实上限只约束学校，学生实际拿到的是贷款额度，两个数字必须分开看。
England's tuition fee cap rises again for 2026 to 2027, and the same guidance moves maintenance loans, postgraduate loans and repayment rules with it. The Department for Education published the 2026 to 2027 tuition fee and student support guidance on 26 November 2025, applying to new students and to those already in the system. This article walks through what changed, how the loan amounts track the caps, which students now face a different calculation, and how these rules connect to 2027 and beyond.
学费上限从 9,535 英镑提高到 9,790 英镑 / The standard fee cap rises from £9,535 to £9,790
英格兰多数大学的学费上限在 2026 至 2027 学年上调 2.71%，标准全日制本科课程的上限从上一学年的 9,535 英镑提高到 9,790 英镑。这次调整依照英国教育部 2025 年 11 月 26 日发布的学费与助学支持指引执行，生效日是 2026 年 8 月 1 日。费用由学校自己设定，上限只规定学校最多能收多少，学校完全可以把收费定在更低的水平。学生拿到的是学费贷款，贷款直接支付给学校，不经过学生账户。很多学生以为贷款金额一定会超过学费，其实贷款额度在学校按上限收费时正好对齐。常见的错误是把学校的报价当成全国统一价格，报价每年都可能单独调整，只有上限是全国统一的。核对时以 gov.uk 公布的当年上限与学校官网的费用页为准，两个数字都要看。
The maximum tuition fee at most English universities rises by 2.71% in 2026 to 2027, taking the standard full-time cap from £9,535 to £9,790. The increase follows the Department for Education guidance published on 26 November 2025 and applies from 1 August 2026, so students starting in September 2026 and those already partway through a course are both priced under the new figure. Providers still set their own price and may charge less than the cap; the tuition fee loan is paid directly to the provider, which is why the headline cap, a university's advertised fee and a student's borrowing limit are three separate numbers worth checking.
TEF 与 APP 决定你在哪一档上限 / TEF and APP decide which cap applies
同一学年在英格兰其实有四档学费上限，取决于学校是否拥有教学卓越框架（TEF）奖项与准入与参与计划（APP）。两者都有的学校，2026 至 2027 学年标准全日制上限是 9,790 英镑。没有 TEF 但有 APP 的学校，上限是 9,525 英镑。完全没有 TEF 的学校，标准全日制上限只有 6,350 英镑。这意味着同样一门课，换一所学校，学生能借到的学费贷款金额就会不同。很多学生以为所有大学都收同样的钱，实际上收费档位由 OfS 官网登记的奖项与计划状态决定。查档位的办法是先在 OfS 官网确认学校的注册与奖项状态，再到 gov.uk 的学费指引里对照当年上限。常见的错误是只看排名与课程介绍，却忽略学校的收费档位会限制贷款上限。
England actually runs four fee caps within a single academic year, set by whether a provider holds a Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) award and an access and participation plan (APP). With both in place the standard full-time cap is £9,790 in 2026 to 2027, an APP without a TEF award gives £9,525, and a provider holding no TEF award caps standard full-time fees at £6,350. Because the tuition fee loan is tied to the cap rather than to the course itself, the same subject can mean a different borrowing limit at a different institution, and the award status is recorded on the OfS website rather than guessed from a prospectus.
加速学位与兼读课程的对应上限 / Accelerated and part-time courses have their own caps
加速学位把三年课程压缩到两年，学费上限相应更高，2026 至 2027 学年同时具备 TEF 与 APP 的学校收 11,750 英镑。兼读本科课程的上限低得多，同一档学校是 7,335 英镑。没有 TEF 但有 APP 的学校，加速课程上限是 11,430 英镑，兼读课程是 7,140 英镑。加速课程的学费贷款上限同样是 11,750 英镑，学生在两年里借到的总额可能高于三年制课程的单年金额。兼读学生按学分比例借款，每年的贷款额度与修读强度挂钩。常见的错误是把加速、兼读与标准全日制三档上限混着比，只比单年数字会得出错误的结论。核对时要把三档上限放在同一页上对照，再结合自己的修读年限算总额。
Accelerated degrees compress three years into two and their caps sit higher, reaching £11,750 at a provider holding both a TEF award and an APP in 2026 to 2027. Part-time undergraduate courses are capped much lower at £7,335 for the same category, while an APP without a TEF award gives £11,430 for accelerated study and £7,140 part-time. Part-time students borrow in proportion to the credits they study, so annual loan amounts reflect study intensity as much as the cap, and a two-year accelerated route can produce a larger total than a three-year course spread over the same subject.
学费贷款随上限一起上调 / Tuition fee loans rise with the cap
学费贷款的上限在 2026 至 2027 学年同步上调，标准全日制课程最高 9,790 英镑，加速课程最高 11,750 英镑。贷款由学生贷款公司直接支付给学校，学生在读期间不需要还款。基础年的规则不同，课堂类基础年的上限冻结在 2025 至 2026 学年的 5,760 英镑。偏实践的基础年按 9,790 英镑执行，适用科学、工程、医学相关与创意表演类专业。贷款只对 2025 年 8 月 31 日或之后开始的课程开放，早于此日期开课的课程适用旧的额度安排。很多学生以为基础年一定更便宜，其实课堂类基础年冻结而偏实践类没有冻结，价差在这个学年被拉大。核对时先确认自己读的基础年属于哪一类，再往预算表里填数字。
Tuition fee loan limits rise alongside the caps in 2026 to 2027, reaching £9,790 for standard full-time courses and £11,750 for accelerated ones. The Student Loans Company pays the loan straight to the provider, and nothing is repaid while a student is studying or until income passes the repayment threshold. Foundation years follow a different rule: classroom-based foundation years stay frozen at £5,760, while partly practical foundation years in science, engineering, medicine-related and creative subjects sit at £9,790, and the loan arrangement applies to courses starting on or after 31 August 2025.
生活费贷款三档上限与三档下限 / Maintenance loans: three maxima, three minima
生活费贷款在 2026 至 2027 学年同样上调 2.71%，上限按居住方式分成三档。住在家里的学生最高 9,118 英镑，离开父母住所但不住在伦敦的学生最高 10,830 英镑，住在伦敦的学生最高 14,135 英镑。随英国课程出国学习一年的学生上限是 12,403 英镑，开课时已满 60 岁的学生上限是 4,582 英镑。贷款分三期发放，比例是 33%、33% 与 34%。生活费贷款有家庭收入门槛，家庭收入越高，实际拿到的金额越低，最低额分别是 4,013、5,048 与 7,039 英镑。住家学生的上限与下限之间落差最大，这一点常被低估。常见的错误是只记住上限，没有把最低额一起写进预算。
Maintenance loans also rise by 2.71% in 2026 to 2027, with three headline maxima set by where a student lives: £9,118 at home, £10,830 away from home outside London and £14,135 in London. Studying abroad for a year of a UK course gives up to £12,403, and students aged 60 or over on the first day of their first academic year can borrow up to £4,582, with payments made in three instalments of 33%, 33% and 34%. The loan is means-tested, so it tapers to £4,013, £5,048 or £7,039 once household income passes the cut-off, and the gap between the maximum and the floor is widest for students living at home.
照护离校青年不再按家庭收入计算 / Care leavers are no longer assessed on household income
2026 至 2027 学年出现一项针对照护离校青年的实质变化，他们的家庭收入不再用于计算生活费贷款。符合条件的学生可以直接借到最高额，不必再因为填报的家庭收入而被削减。学生贷款公司仍会使用家庭收入信息核对其他资助，但不会用它压低生活费贷款。这项变化写在 gov.uk 的学生财务页面上，适用学年从 2026 至 2027 开始。很多学生以为照护离校青年的资助只是象征性减免，实际是可以直接按上限选择贷款额。对这类学生而言，预算规划可以按最高额来做，不必预留家庭收入审查带来的差额。申请时仍要按系统要求提交材料，只是结果不再受家庭收入影响。
One substantive change lands in 2026 to 2027 for care leavers: household income will no longer be used to calculate their Maintenance Loan. Eligible students can choose the maximum amount rather than having support reduced by reported household income, which makes budgeting far more predictable for this group. The Student Loans Company still uses household income to check what other funding is available, and the change is set out on the gov.uk student finance pages rather than left to individual providers to interpret.
家庭收入递减与最低额的关系 / How the income taper produces the floor
生活费贷款由两部分组成，一部分与家庭收入无关，另一部分按收入递减。家庭收入较低的学生可以叠加两部分，拿到接近上限的金额。家庭收入升高到一定水平后，递减部分归零，学生只能拿到不与收入挂钩的那一部分。2026 至 2027 学年这个最低额是住家 4,013 英镑、非伦敦外住 5,048 英镑、伦敦外住 7,039 英镑。家长与伴侣需要提供 2024 至 2025 纳税年度的收入信息，学生贷款公司据此评估。如果当年家庭收入预计比上一年下降 15% 或更多，可以申请当年收入评估，重新计算贷款金额。常见的错误是拖到开学后才补交收入材料，分期到账时间因此被推后。
A Maintenance Loan has two parts: a non-means-tested element available to everyone, and a means-tested element that tapers away as household income rises. Once income passes the cut-off the tapered element disappears and only the floor remains, which is £4,013 at home, £5,048 away from home outside London and £7,039 in London for 2026 to 2027. Parents and partners supply income details from the 2024 to 2025 tax year, and a household expecting income to fall by at least 15% can request a current year income assessment so the calculation is redone on more current figures.
课堂类基础年的学费保持冻结 / Classroom-based foundation years stay frozen
学费上限整体上调的这一年，课堂类基础年被单独留在冻结状态。课堂类基础年指商业、社会科学与人文学科这类以课堂教学为主的课程，2026 至 2027 学年上限维持 5,760 英镑。偏实践的基础年没有冻结，按 9,790 英镑执行。这项安排在 gov.uk 的学费指引里有单独段落说明，并配套单独的课堂类基础年指引。很多学生以为基础年都属于同一档，实际差异来自课程内容是否包含大量实验、工作室或临床元素。选择路径时把基础年与后续学位年份一起算总额，才不会低估总成本。常见的错误是把基础年的低学费当成整个学位的价格基准。
In a year when fee caps rise across the board, classroom-based foundation years are deliberately left frozen. These are foundation years in classroom-based subjects such as business, social science and humanities, capped at £5,760 in 2026 to 2027, while partly practical foundation years sit at £9,790 under the same guidance. The arrangement has its own section on gov.uk and a separate guidance page, and it matters because a foundation year is one part of the total cost of a degree rather than a stand-alone price that can be compared across providers.
研究生贷款同步调整 / Postgraduate loans adjust in step
研究生阶段的贷款上限也在同一份指引里更新，硕士课程自 2026 年 8 月 1 日起最高可借 13,206 英镑。上一学年即 2025 年 8 月至 2026 年 7 月开课的硕士课程上限是 12,858 英镑。研究生贷款与家庭收入无关，金额只取决于课程开始日期与课程时长。贷款按 33%、33% 与 34% 三期发放，多年制课程按年均摊。博士生贷款是另一套上限，与硕士贷款分开计算。很多学生以为研究生贷款与本科贷款共用同一个额度，其实两者是独立的借款通道，毕业后按各自规则还款。核对时要看课程开始日期落在哪一档，差几个月就可能落在不同的金额区间。
Postgraduate limits move in the same guidance, so from 1 August 2026 a Master's Loan reaches £13,206, against £12,858 for courses that started between 1 August 2025 and 31 July 2026. The Master's Loan is not income-assessed, and the amount depends on when the course starts and how long it runs, with payments split 33%, 33% and 34% across each year of study. Doctoral study uses a separate loan with its own ceiling, and repayment follows the postgraduate rules, so the two funding routes should not be added together when estimating what can be borrowed.
2027 年 1 月起的终身学习权益 / The Lifelong Learning Entitlement from January 2027
从 2027 年 1 月 1 日起，英格兰启用新的学生财务系统，名称是终身学习权益（LLE）。它取代原先的高等教育资助与部分继续教育资助，覆盖第四级到第六级课程与部分第七级课程。学费贷款总额上限是 39,160 英镑，相当于约四年全日制学习或 480 个学分。生活费贷款按学分计算，修读强度直接影响每年能借到多少。还款门槛是年收入 25,000 英镑，核销期限是首次应还款当年 4 月起的 40 年，当前利率为 4.1%。申请从 2026 年 9 月开放，2026 年 9 月起创建账户还可以先看自己剩余的可借额度。很多学生以为 2027 年入学会沿用旧的本科贷款计划，实际整条申请通道都换成 LLE。
From 1 January 2027, England switches to a new student finance system called the Lifelong Learning Entitlement, replacing earlier higher education funding and some further education funding. It covers courses and modules at levels 4 to 6 plus some level 7 provision, with a total Tuition Fee Loan ceiling of £39,160, roughly four years of full-time study or 480 credits, and maintenance support scaled to the credits studied. Repayment starts above £25,000 of annual income, balances are written off 40 years after the April when repayment is first due, applications open from September 2026, and the interest rate currently charged is 4.1%.
2027 至 2028 学年已经提前公布 / The 2027 to 2028 rates are already published
2027 至 2028 学年的上限已经提前公布，同时具备 TEF 与 APP 的学校标准全日制上限将升到 10,050 英镑。加速课程的上限升到 12,060 英镑，兼读课程的上限升到 7,530 英镑。这一年的涨幅是 2.68%，低于上一年的 2.71%，生效日是 2027 年 8 月 1 日。2026 年入学的学生第二年会同时受到两个上限影响，第一年按 9,790 英镑，第二年按 10,050 英镑。这类跨年度的差价在提前公布的指引里可以查到，gov.uk 的学费指引把两个学年并列在同一页。常见的错误是按入学那一年的数字推算整个学位的总额，估算因此偏低。把每年上限写进预算表，才能看清四年总成本。
The 2027 to 2028 figures are already published: the standard full-time cap for providers holding both a TEF award and an APP rises to £10,050, with accelerated courses at £12,060 and part-time courses at £7,530. That is a 2.68% increase, slightly below the 2.71% applied for 2026 to 2027, and it takes effect on 1 August 2027. A student starting in September 2026 is therefore priced under one cap in year one and a higher one in year two, which is exactly why the gov.uk guidance publishes the two academic years side by side instead of one at a time.
申请前核对的三件事 / Three checks before an application
申请前先确认课程开始日期，因为上限与贷款额度都以开始日期划线。再确认学校的收费档位，TEF 与 APP 的状态决定了学费上限落在哪一档。最后确认生活费贷款的住宿类别与家庭收入，这两个变量共同决定最终金额。三项信息分别在学校官网与 gov.uk 的学费指引里可以查到，查完再填申请表最稳妥。给家长的收入信息要用 2024 至 2025 纳税年度的数据，收入下降超过 15% 的家庭可以申请当年收入评估。常见的错误是等录取通知到手才开始准备财务材料，结果错过更早到账的分期时间。很多学生以为申请窗口只有一个，实际课程开始日期不同，对应的截止时间也不同。
Start by confirming the course start date, because both the caps and the loan amounts are keyed to it. Then check the provider's fee category, since its TEF and APP status decides which cap applies, and work out the living situation and household income, which together set the final Maintenance Loan figure. Parents supply income details for the 2024 to 2025 tax year, households expecting a fall of at least 15% can ask for a current year income assessment, and the application itself is best started well before results day.
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