威尔士 学生资助 生活费补助 学费9790
威尔士政府从 2026/27 学年起调整了高等教育学生的学费上限与生活费支持。按照威尔士政府官网在 2025 年 11 月 3 日与 11 月 28 日发布的两份书面声明，生活费支持统一上调 2.0%，其中补助金部分是 2018 年以来第一次上调。全日制本科的学费上限从 £9,535 提高到 £9,790，涨幅 2.71%，与英格兰同一年度的上限持平。新标准适用于 2026 年 8 月 1 日或之后开始的学年。生活费部分覆盖新生与在读生，学费与学费贷款部分则按课程开始日期判断。很多学生以为政策公布当天就按新数字发放，其实申请与发放仍按学年划分。
The Welsh Government has set new tuition fee limits and maintenance support rates for the 2026/27 academic year. According to written statements published on the Welsh Government website on 3 November and 28 November 2025, maintenance support rises by 2.0% and the grant element is increased for the first time since 2018, while the full-time undergraduate fee cap moves from £9,535 to £9,790, a rise of 2.71% that matches England. The new figures apply to academic years beginning on or after 1 August 2026, and the maintenance uplift reaches new and returning students alike.
一、调整的生效范围与两份关键文件
这一轮修订落在《Education (Student Finance) (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Wales) Regulations 2026》里，威尔士政府用 SFWIN 07/2025 号信息通告逐条说明。通告在 2025 年 11 月 6 日首次发布，2026 年 1 月 13 日更新，写明相关条例预计在 2026 年 1 月生效。所有改动只适用于 2026 年 8 月 1 日或之后开始的学年，2025/26 与更早的学年继续按旧标准执行。生活费部分覆盖新生与在读生，包括全日制与兼职本科；资格与学费保护类改动同时覆盖本科与研究生。很多学生以为通告发布就等于规则生效，实际拿到的金额仍按学年与课程开始日期划分。
The current package sits in the Education (Student Finance) (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Wales) Regulations 2026, explained item by item in Information Notice SFWIN 07/2025. That notice was first published on 6 November 2025 and updated on 13 January 2026, with the regulations expected to come into force in January 2026. Every amendment applies only to academic years beginning on or after 1 August 2026, so earlier cohorts stay on the old figures; maintenance changes reach new and returning full-time and part-time undergraduates, while eligibility and fee protection amendments also cover postgraduate students. The notice is guidance only and the regulations prevail if the two differ.
二、补助金自 2018 年以来首次上调
威尔士的生活费支持从 2018 年资助改革之后一直是贷款逐年上调、补助金按兵不动的结构，2026/27 学年打破了这个惯例。按 2025 年 11 月 3 日的书面声明，补助金与贷款同时上调 2.0%，基础补助、经过收入审查的补助金与生活费贷款三项一起调整，涨的是同一个百分比。阁僚在声明里特别点出这一点，并强调威尔士的目标是继续提供全英最慷慨的全日制本科生活费支持。上调的参照是消费者价格指数，不是平均工资或最低工资。家长最容易忽略的是，这一轮抬高的是补助金与贷款的上限，实际到手多少仍由家庭收入审查决定。常见的错误是把上限上调读成每人都多拿 2%，两者并不相等。
Since the 2018 settlement, Welsh maintenance support has followed a pattern of rising loans with frozen grants, and the 2026/27 year breaks that pattern. The ministerial statement of 3 November 2025 confirms a 2.0% uplift applied to the base grant, the means-tested maintenance grant and the maintenance loan together, tied to the Consumer Price Index rather than average earnings. Ministers describe the aim as keeping Welsh living cost support the most generous in the UK for full-time undergraduates, and the increase is modest in cash terms. Raising a ceiling is not the same as raising an entitlement, because household income still decides what a student actually receives.
三、学费上限 £9,535 到 £9,790 的 2.71% 调法
学费上限的数字在 2025 年 11 月 28 日的书面声明里写死了。全日制本科课程的学费上限提高 2.71%，从 £9,535 调到 £9,790，适用于 2026 年 8 月 1 日或之后开始的课程。受监管院校对特定学生、特定全日制本科课程收取的学费不得超过这个数。威尔士政府说明这一档与英格兰 2026/27 学年的上限保持一致，理由是威尔士高校的财政压力还没有过去。声明估计，上调会给威尔士院校带来约 1,900 万英镑的额外收入，用于维持课程供给与学生体验投入。这也是全日制学费上限连续第三年上调，2024/25 与 2025/26 都跟过英格兰的幅度。2027/28 学年的上限留到下一届议会任期再定。学生本人不需要预先交学费，贷款随上限同步提高，还款月供也不会因为这一年度的调整而变化。
The 28 November 2025 statement fixed the numbers. The full-time undergraduate fee limit rises by 2.71%, from £9,535 to £9,790, for courses beginning on or after 1 August 2026, and it is the maximum a regulated provider may charge certain students on certain full-time courses in Wales. Ministers justify matching the English limit by pointing to continuing financial pressure on Welsh institutions, and they estimate the rise will add about £19 million for provision and the student experience. It is the third consecutive annual increase, and fee caps for 2027/28 have been deferred to the next Senedd term.
四、学费贷款上限与私立院校的 £6,525
学费贷款的上限按院校类型分档，不看学生家庭收入。按 Student Finance Wales 官网在 2026 年发布的 SFWIN 02/2026 号信息通告，普通院校的全日制学费贷款上限是 £9,790，私立院校课程的上限是 £6,525，对应的是由威尔士部长指定课程的类别。私立院校不受学费上限约束，所以贷款与学费可能对不上，差额要由学生自己承担。英格兰加速学位也是同一道理，最高学费 £11,750，贷款只到 £9,790。课业周数偏少的学年另按比例下调，最后一年少于 15 周时普通院校的上限是 £4,895，私立院校是 £3,260。海外交换年按上限的 15% 计，普通院校 £1,465；三明治课程的工作实习年按 20% 计，普通院校 £1,955。加速的毕业生入学课程另有 £6,325 的上限。
Fee support varies with the type of provider rather than with household income. Information Notice SFWIN 02/2026, published by Student Finance Wales, sets the full-time fee loan ceiling at £9,790 for an ordinary provider and £6,525 for a private provider whose courses are designated by Welsh Ministers. Private providers are not bound by fee caps, so the loan may not cover the charge and the shortfall falls on the student, as with accelerated degrees in England where a £11,750 fee meets a £9,790 loan. Reduced study years and placement years are scaled down, and accelerated graduate entry courses carry a separate £6,325 limit.
五、住家、伦敦外与伦敦三档生活费最高额
生活费支持的最高额按居住与就学地点分成三档，这是威尔士系统里最常被拿来和其他地区比较的一组数字。依据 SFWIN 02/2026，2026/27 学年住在家里的学生可以获得的生活费支持最高为 £10,685，在伦敦以外租住的学生最高为 £12,590，在伦敦就学并租住的学生最高为 £15,720。三档都由无收入审查的基础补助 £1,020、经过收入审查的补助金与生活费贷款组成，家庭收入越低，补助金占比越高。以家庭收入不超过 £18,370 的住家学生为例，最高补助金是 £7,020，剩下 £3,665 可以用贷款补足；伦敦档的对应数字是 £10,325 与 £5,395。伦敦档的判断不看邮编，而是看课程是否由伦敦大学颁发、机构是否要求学年内在伦敦场地授课。三明治课程的实习地点同样算进这一档。
Maintenance ceilings come in three bands based on where a student lives and studies. Under SFWIN 02/2026, a student living at home can access up to £10,685 for 2026/27, one living away from home outside London up to £12,590, and one living and studying in London up to £15,720. Each band combines a non-means-tested base grant of £1,020 with a means-tested grant and a loan, and a lower household income shifts the mix towards grant. At a household income of £18,370 or below, a student at home can draw a £7,020 grant plus a £3,665 loan, while the London band offers £10,325 plus £5,395.
六、家庭收入 £18,370 到 £59,200 之间的递减规则
补助金的金额随家庭收入递减，这是整套规则里最容易被读错的一段。按 SFWIN 02/2026，家庭收入在 £18,370 或以下的学生可以拿到最高额补助金，补助一直发放到家庭收入 £59,200 为止。超过这条线，剩下的只有无收入审查的 £1,020 基础补助。递减的节奏也按居住地分档：住家学生家庭收入每多 £6.805 减 £1，伦敦以外每多 £5.639 减 £1，伦敦档每多 £4.387 减 £1，分母越小，减得越快。以伦敦档为例，家庭收入 £30,000 时补助金降到 £7,674，收入 £50,000 时只剩 £3,116。但生活费支持的总额始终维持在 £15,720，补助金减少的部分由贷款补回。也就是说，家庭收入改变的是补助与贷款的比例，而不是总额。学生填表时如果干脆不报家庭收入，通常只能拿到非收入审查的那一部分，这往往是补助金额落差最大的一处失手。
Grant entitlement tapers with household income, and this is the part of the rules students read wrongly most often. Under SFWIN 02/2026, the maximum grant is available at a household income of £18,370 or below, and grant support continues until household income reaches £59,200, after which only the £1,020 base grant remains. The taper rate depends on where the student lives: £1 is withdrawn for every £6.805 of income above the threshold at home, £5.639 outside London and £4.387 in London. In the London band a household income of £30,000 cuts the grant to £7,674 and £50,000 leaves £3,116, yet the total maintenance ceiling stays at £15,720 because the loan absorbs the difference.
七、2012 至 2018 入学学生的旧档算法
2026/27 学年同时运行两套生活费标准，分界线是入学年份而不是当年年级。2018 年 8 月 1 日或之后开始本科课程的学生适用新档，最高补助金在住家档是 £7,020，前面几节讲的都是这一档。2012 年 8 月 1 日至 2018 年 7 月 31 日之间入学的学生适用旧档。按 SFWIN 01/2026 号信息通告，这部分学生的最高补助金是 £5,161，三档生活费支持最高额分别是 £9,146、£11,062 与 £14,461，对应的全额贷款上限是 £6,565、£8,481 与 £11,880。旧档的递减分母也不同，家庭收入超过 £18,370 之后按每 £3.653 减 £1 计算，收入到 £50,020 时只剩下 £50 的最低补助。两档差别来自 2018 年的资助结构改革，不是 2026 年这一次调整新造出来的。查自己属于哪一档，看课程开始日期即可。
Two sets of maintenance figures run side by side in 2026/27, and the dividing line is the year a student started rather than the year of study. Courses beginning on or after 1 August 2018 follow the newer structure, where the maximum grant at home is £7,020. For students who started between 1 August 2012 and 31 July 2018, Information Notice SFWIN 01/2026 sets a maximum grant of £5,161 and maintenance ceilings of £9,146 at home, £11,062 away from home outside London and £14,461 in London. The earlier cohort also tapers faster, losing £1 for every £3.653 of income above £18,370 and reaching the £50 minimum grant at £50,020.
八、兼职学生的 £9,285 全日制当量与 £250 增量
兼职学生的支持按学习强度折算，而不是按单门课或学分单独计算。按 SFWIN 02/2026，2026/27 学年的兼职支持以一个 £9,285 的全日制当量为基准，再乘以学习强度比例。兼职课程的强度上限是全日制的 75%，所以贷款与补助金合计的最高额是 £6,964。同一份通告的分档表给出三个强度档：75% 强度最高补助金 £4,590，50% 强度合计 £4,643，25% 强度合计 £2,321。兼职学费贷款的上限也在这一轮提高，普通院校的上限是 £2,875，比上一学年增加 £250，这项增量由 2025 年 11 月 3 日的书面声明单独宣布。兼职的收入门槛与全日制不同，补助金从家庭收入 £25,000 以上开始递减，每 £6.71 减 £1。强度越低，能拿到的总额越少，这一点在排课时就要算清楚。
Part-time support is calculated from study intensity rather than per module or per credit. SFWIN 02/2026 uses a full-time equivalent of £9,285 for 2026/27, multiplied by the student's intensity of study, and because a part-time course tops out at 75% intensity the combined grant and loan ceiling is £6,964. The published tables show a maximum grant of £4,590 at 75% intensity, with totals of £4,643 at 50% and £2,321 at 25%. The maximum part-time fee loan also rises to £2,875 at an ordinary provider, £250 more than the previous year, while the part-time grant starts tapering above £25,000 of household income.
九、硕士与博士支持同样上调 2%
研究生支持没有被这一轮调整落下。按 2025 年 11 月 3 日的书面声明，授课型硕士与博士研究生的支持同样上调 2.0%，与本科生的百分比一致。威尔士政府随条例提交的解释性备忘录写得更细：残疾学生补助、受抚养人补助以及 2012 至 2018 入学学生的生活费标准，都在 2.0% 的调整范围里。研究生支持适用另一套条例，本科生的补助金结构不适用，所以补助金八年来首次上调这句话只对本科成立。本轮修订还把研究生条例里的受保护伴侣身份终止条款补齐，与本科口径统一。身份在学年开始前失效时，支持资格同步终止。
Postgraduate support is included in the same round of changes. The statement of 3 November 2025 confirms a 2.0% uplift for taught Master's and doctoral funding, matching the undergraduate percentage. The explanatory memorandum published with the regulations adds Disabled Students' Grants, Grants for Dependants and the maintenance rates for the 2012 to 2018 cohort to the same 2.0% adjustment. Postgraduate support sits in separate regulations, so the frozen-then-raised grant story applies to undergraduates only, and amended rules now terminate postgraduate support on the same terms as undergraduate support when protected partner status lapses.
十、延长学年贷款的收口与 NHS 助学金
有一项改动是收回支持，而不是增加支持。按 SFWIN 07/2025 号信息通告，全日制本科生的学年超过 30 周零 3 天时本来可以额外申请一部分生活费贷款。政策原意是把 NHS 助学金学生与三明治课程学生排除在外，因为 NHS 会为这些学生的延长学年单独提供支持。2024/25 学年 NHS 学生的支持被提高到全额生活费贷款时，这两类学生在条例上被无意间带进了额外贷款的适用范围。2026 年的修订把条文改回政策原意：从 2026 年 8 月 1 日或之后开始的学年起，NHS 助学金学生与三明治年学生不再获得延长学年的额外贷款，新生与在读生都适用。医学、牙医、护理等专业如果正处在延长的学年，预算要按新口径重新核对。受影响的只是超过 30 周零 3 天的延长部分，常规学年的生活费最高额不变。
One amendment takes support away rather than adding it. Full-time undergraduates whose academic year runs beyond 30 weeks and 3 days can normally request an additional maintenance loan, yet policy never intended that provision to reach students on a means-tested NHS bursary or those on a sandwich year, because the NHS funds their extended years separately. When NHS student support was raised to the full maintenance loan rate in 2024/25, both groups were unintentionally brought into scope by the regulations. The 2026 regulations correct that, removing the extra loan for extended years from academic years beginning on or after 1 August 2026, while ordinary year ceilings remain unchanged.
十一、受抚养人补助免收入审查与老兵家属资格
另外两处改动影响的是申请材料与资格范围，不改变金额。SFWIN 07/2025 号通告写明，2018 年条例原本允许 25 岁以下、有过照料经历的学生在申请最高额生活费补助金与旅行补助时免于提交家庭收入资料，但受抚养人补助没有同步跟上。2026 年的修订把这一步补齐：有过照料经历的学生申请受抚养人补助时同样不需要提交家庭收入资料，全日制与兼职都适用，新生与在读生都包括在内。资格范围也有扩展，1997 年 7 月 1 日之前退役的廓尔喀与香港军人部队老兵的遗属与子女，被纳入受保护伴侣类别，可以申请学生支持与学费保护。这类身份的支持资格带终止条款，居留许可失效时资格在学年开始前终止。同样的终止条款这次也被补进研究生条例，三层条例口径统一。填表时把受扶养子女信息与家庭收入资料分清，能明显减少审核被退回的情况。
Two further amendments change paperwork and eligibility rather than amounts. As SFWIN 07/2025 explains, the 2018 regulations already let care-experienced students under 25 claim the maximum maintenance grant and a travel grant without submitting household income details, but Grants for Dependants had not been aligned. The 2026 regulations close that gap for full-time and part-time students alike, new and returning. Eligibility also widens for the bereaved partners and children of Gurkha and Hong Kong military veterans discharged before 1 July 1997, who join the protected partner category, and support now terminates on the same terms when leave to remain lapses.
十二、贷款利息 6% 上限与 2027/28 上限的决定权
偿还端的规则也在动，但结论还没有落到生效。威尔士政府官网在 2026 年 4 月 7 日的新闻稿里写明，威尔士政府原则上同意英国政府提出的方案，把 2 号与 3 号学贷计划的贷款利率上限压到 6%，从 2026 年 9 月起适用于 2026/27 学年。同一份新闻稿强调，是否在威尔士正式实施、以及配套条例，要由议会选举后的下一届威尔士政府决定，并经过议会批准。也就是说，贷款利率上限目前在威尔士只是原则同意，还不是已经生效的规则。学费上限这一侧的安排更明确：2027/28 学年的上限留到下一届议会任期再议。为此威尔士政府在 2026 年 1 月 27 日提交了《Higher Education (Fee Limits) (Wales) Regulations 2026》草案，用于在《Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022》全面实施、旧监管制度废止之后继续保留学费上限，并让 Medr 建立院校名录。
The repayment side is moving too, though nothing is settled yet. A Welsh Government press release of 7 April 2026 states that ministers agreed in principle to the UK proposal to cap interest at 6% on Plan 2 and Plan 3 student loans from September 2026 for the 2026/27 academic year. The same release makes clear that a formal decision in Wales, including regulations and Senedd approval, belongs to the next Welsh Government after the election, so the cap is not yet in force for Welsh borrowers. Fee limits for 2027/28 have been left to the next Senedd term as well, with draft regulations laid on 27 January 2026 to keep caps in place once the Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 replaces the current regime.
十三、申请时间表与填表时容易被忽略的两项
时间表这一侧只有几个硬节点，错过一个就要等下一年。按 SFWIN 05/2026 号通告，Student Finance Wales 的 2026/27 学年申请服务在 2026 年 4 月 27 日开放。延续教育支持与每周 £40 的教育维持津贴（EMA）申请同步开放，津贴标准维持不变，家庭收入门槛提高到 £24,570 与 £27,273 两档。高等教育的生活费支持通常在注册与出勤确认后分三期发放，最终金额由 Student Finance Wales 核定。填表时最常见的两处失手是漏填家庭收入与选错居住类别。不提供家庭收入资料，通常只能拿到非收入审查的那部分；住家、伦敦、伦敦以外三档选错，补助金与贷款的比例会整体错位。很多学生以为先交表以后再补资料不会有损失，实际情况是第一期发放就按未审查的标准计算。
The timetable has few moving parts, but missing one can cost a whole year. Under SFWIN 05/2026, the Student Finance Wales application service for 2026/27 opened on 27 April 2026, alongside further education support and the £40 weekly Education Maintenance Allowance, whose household income thresholds rose to £24,570 and £27,273. Higher education maintenance support is normally paid in three instalments once registration and attendance are confirmed, with the final amount confirmed by Student Finance Wales. Two mistakes show up again and again: leaving household income blank, which caps support at the non-income-assessed rate, and picking the wrong living arrangement, which shifts the whole grant and loan split.
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