IB TOK 展评 三件物品 IA prompt 950字 评分表
TOK 展评（exhibition）是 IB 文凭课程里少数由本校老师打分、再由 IBO 抽样本复核的作业之一。它要交的材料很轻：三件物品、一段不超过 950 字的评论、一个从官方 35 条 IA prompt 里选出的问题。真正难的地方在于把「这件东西为什么算知识问题」讲清楚。IBO 的《Theory of knowledge guide》（2022 年首次评估）把展评排在 DP 第一年完成，不少学校在十一年级下学期就要交稿。下面把这套作业拆成可执行的顺序：先定 prompt，再定物品，最后按 950 字的结构写评论。
The TOK exhibition is one of the few tasks in the IB Diploma that your own teacher marks before the IBO moderates a sample. The material demanded is small: three objects, a commentary capped at 950 words, and one question taken from the thirty-five official IA prompts. The hard part is explaining why a particular thing raises a question about knowledge. The IBO guide, first assessed in 2022, places the exhibition in the first year of the DP, and many schools collect it in the second term of Year 1.
展评在 TOK 总分里的位置：10 分与三分之一
IBO 的 TOK 指南把两个作业分开算分，展评 10 分，论文 10 分。论文的分数乘二后再与展评相加，课程总分 30 分，换算下来论文占三分之二、展评占三分之一。展评由任课老师打分，IBO 事后抽样本复核，复核结果可能让整班的分数上下移动。很多学生以为展评只是练手，事实上它是 TOK 里唯一能由自己控制时间的一项，写砸了就要用论文的分数去补。TOK 与 EE 合起来最多给核心部分加 3 分，展评拿 9 分和拿 5 分，落在总分上的差别通常就是 1 分。
The IBO guide scores the two tasks separately: ten marks for the exhibition, ten for the essay; the essay mark is doubled before the two are added, giving a course total of thirty marks in which the essay carries two thirds and the exhibition one third. Your teacher marks the exhibition, and the IBO moderates a sample afterwards; moderation can move a whole class up or down, and many students treat it as a rehearsal even though it is the one TOK task whose timing you control. Together with the extended essay, TOK can add up to three points to the core.
35 条 IA prompt 必须原样使用
官方给的是一份固定清单，共 35 条 IA prompt，全部写成关于知识的高阶问题。IBO 写明这些 prompt 适用于本指南有效期内的每一个考试季，不随考试季更换，所以今年的学生和明年用的是同一份清单。第二条规矩更硬，所选 prompt 必须原样抄写，一个字都不能改。改过但还能看出是哪一条，阅卷按原始版本打分，改动带来的跑题会在分数里体现。如果评委看不出用的是清单里的哪一条，按 0 分处理。同一个班可以有几个学生用同一条 prompt，但物品不能重复。
The official list holds thirty-five IA prompts, all written as high-level questions about knowledge; the IBO states that these prompts apply to every examination session for the life of the guide, so this year's cohort works from the same list as the next. The second rule is stricter still: the chosen prompt must be reproduced exactly, without a single word changed. Alter it while leaving the original identifiable and the work is marked against that original, with any drift showing up in the mark; if no listed prompt can be identified at all, the score is zero. Several students in one class may use the same prompt, though never the same objects.
从主题收窄到一条 prompt：核心主题与五条选修主题
IBO 强烈建议把展评挂在一个主题上，可以选核心主题 Knowledge and the knower，也可以选语言、宗教、技术、原住民社会、政治这五条选修主题。主题本身不计分，它的作用是把 35 条 prompt 缩到三五条。常见错误是先挑了一件喜欢的东西，再去清单里找一条勉强能对上的 prompt，链接写起来就会空。可行的顺序反过来，先从课上讲过的主题里挑定 prompt，再用它筛物品。拿到候选物品之后问一句：如果换成同类的东西，评论要改几句话？一句都不用改，说明这件东西只是类别，没带语境。
The IBO strongly recommends anchoring the exhibition in a theme, either the core theme Knowledge and the knower or one of the five optional themes covering language, religion, technology, indigenous societies and politics. The theme itself earns no marks; its job is to cut thirty-five prompts down to three or four. Falling for an object first and then hunting for a prompt that fits tends to leave the link hollow. Work the other way round: settle the prompt from a theme you have studied, then use it to filter objects; ask how many sentences of your commentary would change if the object were swapped for another of the same kind.
物品的硬规则：特定时间与特定地点
指南要求物品是存在于特定时间与地点里的具体东西，而不是某一类东西的泛称。一条写着具体账号与日期的帖子、一幅挂在某家美术馆里的画、你自己写过的 EE、体育课上用过的那只篮球，都属于合格的一类。网上随手搜来的「疫苗图片」「社会运动海报」不合格，因为找不到那件真实的物。图片可以用，多数学生交的也是照片，但图片必须能对应到一件确实存在的东西上，数字物品的引用要写全。很多学生以为物品要好看或者要贵，实际上评委看的是这件东西能不能撑起一个具体的知识判断。三件物品之间也不需要互相有联系，它们的关联只靠同一条 prompt 建立。
The guide asks for objects that exist in a particular time and place rather than a general label for a class of things. A post with a named account and a date, a painting hanging in one gallery, the extended essay you wrote yourself, the basketball used in your PE lessons: these qualify. A stock image of a vaccine or a protest poster found online does not, because there is no single thing behind it; images are allowed, and most students submit photographs, but each picture has to point at something that exists, with a complete citation where the object is digital. Students often assume an object has to look impressive or cost something; what counts is whether this particular thing can carry a claim about knowledge.
三件物品要各自贡献一个角度
评分表的 3 到 4 分档明确写着，不同物品的理由之间可能出现明显重复，这句话就是提醒三件物品不能只是同一个论点换三个例子。写得好的三件物品各自回答 prompt 的不同侧面：一件提供亲身经验，一件提供数据或记录，一件提供他人的说法。检查方式是把每段评论的最后一句话抽出来排在一起，如果三句意思相近，展评就退回成一个论点的水平。物品彼此不必互相印证，甚至可以互相矛盾，矛盾本身给分析留出了往前走的空间。学生最常把三件物品选成同一类东西，然后花力气解释它们的不同。
The 3-4 band of the instrument notes that justification may repeat across objects, which works as a warning against three versions of one argument. Strong exhibitions give each object a different angle: one supplies first-hand experience, another supplies data or a record, a third supplies someone else's account. Line up the final sentence of each commentary; if all three say roughly the same thing, the exhibition is really one object shown three times, and the objects need not support one another since a contradiction gives the analysis somewhere to go.
950 字怎么分配：引言与三段评论
评论总字数上限是 950 字，IBO 的阅卷指引建议每段评论写到 300 字左右，余下的留给一段简短引言。字数统计不包含物品上面的文字、图片里的字、标签、引用与脚注，所以引用资料不会挤占这 950 字。超出上限时，阅卷人按规定只读到 950 字为止，后面的内容不再计分。把最多的话塞进开头并不会加分，反倒可能让最后一段分析读不到。引言写五十到七十词，点明选定的 prompt，再用一句话说清三件物品分别从哪个角度回应它，之后每件物品各占一段。
The commentary is capped at 950 words in total, and IBO examiner guidance suggests around 300 words for each object, leaving room for a short introduction; text on the objects themselves, words inside images, labels, references and footnotes are not counted, so citations do not eat into the limit. Exceed the cap and examiners stop reading at 950 words, marking only what they have seen, so padding the opening earns nothing and can push the last piece of analysis out of the readable range. Fifty to seventy words naming the prompt, plus one sentence on how each object responds to it, is enough before the three commentaries begin.
每段评论的四步：识别、语境、链接、理由
指南把每段评论要交代的东西列得很清楚：这是什么物品、它处在怎样的现实语境里、它与所选 prompt 的链接在哪里、以及它为什么值得放进这次展评。四步里最容易被写漏的是最后一步，也就是「为什么是这一件而不是别的同类东西」。用词要留在知识层面，物品呈现它自己的内容，评论负责说明它显示了知识如何被生产、被传播或被限制。写完之后把三段的开头句连起来读一遍，读下来像三件商品的介绍，就说明还没有进入 TOK。不少高分卷的差别就在这句理由上，写清它，评论才算完整。
The guide spells out what each commentary has to cover: what the object is, the real-world context it belongs to, where its link to the chosen prompt lies, and why it deserves a place in this exhibition. The last of these is dropped most often, and it is the one that answers why this object rather than another of the same kind; the vocabulary has to stay at the level of knowledge, where an object shows what it shows and the commentary explains what it reveals about how knowledge is produced, shared or restricted. Read the opening sentences of your three commentaries in a row; if they sound like three product descriptions, the work has not reached TOK yet.
物品必须预先存在，不能为展评临时制作
指南要求物品是预先存在的，不能在准备展评期间专门做出来。你在视觉艺术课上画的那幅画可以用，上周为了展评画的那张示意图不行。个人经历用得上，但经历本身不是物品，祖母的一句口头禅要落到一件具体的物上，比如那本写满替换做法的手写菜谱。数字物品同样合格，一条有作者与日期的帖子、一页搜索结果都可以，前提是引用写得完整，让阅卷人找得到它。借用别人的图片要把来源写清楚，标注不全在学术诚信上是硬伤，不是格式问题。
Objects must pre-exist the exhibition and cannot be made for it while you prepare; a painting from your DP visual arts course works, while a diagram drawn last week for the exhibition does not. Personal experience helps, but experience is not an object: a grandmother's saying has to land on a specific thing, such as the handwritten recipe card with substitutions pencilled in. Digital objects qualify on the same terms, whether a dated post with a named author or a screenshot of one search result, provided the citation is complete enough for a moderator to find it, since loose referencing is an academic integrity problem rather than a formatting detail.
评分表的五档与那一个定性问题
展评用的是整体印象评分，整张表只围绕一个问题：这次展评有没有成功展示 TOK 如何出现在我们周围的世界里。五档从 Excellent 9 到 10 分一路降到 Rudimentary 1 到 2 分，另有一个 0 分档。拿到 9 到 10 档的展评，三件物品与各自的现实语境都写清楚了，链接明确且解释充分，每件物品的独特贡献也有力理由。处在 5 到 6 档的展评，链接存在但解释不足，语境可能含糊。落到 3 到 4 档，理由开始重复，评论停留在描述。阅卷时常见的情形是物品选得漂亮，链接那一句却只有一行，分数就停在中间档。
The exhibition is marked by global impression, and the whole instrument turns on one question: does the exhibition successfully show how TOK manifests in the world around us? Five bands run from Excellent at 9-10 down to Rudimentary at 1-2, with a separate zero. The top band expects three objects with their real-world contexts clearly identified, links to the prompt made and well explained, and a strong justification for what each object contributes on its own. At 5-6 the links exist but are underdeveloped and contexts may be vague; by 3-4 the justifications repeat and the commentary turns descriptive. A well-chosen set of objects with a single line of linking usually settles in the middle bands.
只交两件或一件物品时的封顶分
IBO 的评分说明给出两条封顶规则：只提交两件物品和对应评论，最高 6 分；只提交一件物品和评论，最高 3 分。缺一件物品直接把 9 到 10 档关掉，文字再好也用不上。另一条边界是展评不能当论文来写，提交的内容如果真的是一篇论文而不是展评，按评分表处理的结果基本是 0 分。展评与论文是两个互不相干的作业，论文那 1600 字上限和每个考试季公布的六道指定题目，都跟展评没有关系。
IBO's marking notes set two ceilings: a student who submits only two objects with their commentaries can score no more than 6 marks, and a single object caps the score at 3, so missing the third object shuts the door on the top band however good the writing is. The other boundary runs between the two TOK tasks, where a submission that is really an essay rather than an exhibition is marked against the instrument and almost always ends at zero; the essay's 1,600-word limit and the six prescribed titles issued for each session have nothing to do with the exhibition.
提交件的形式：单文件、图片与引用
交上去的是一个文件，里面包含标明所选 IA prompt 的标题、三件物品的图片、三段评论，以及完整的引用资料。标题不能只写 prompt 编号，要写出问题原文，让阅卷人一眼看到用的是哪一条。图片清晰可辨就够，不必排得花哨，评委在意的是图片能不能对应到正文里写的那件东西。引用格式由各校决定，指南只要求来源完整，数字物品尤其要写清作者、平台与日期，能点开的链接一并放上。文件命名与提交方式照学校通知执行，IBO 的样本抽取由老师完成。
What gets submitted is a single file holding a title that names the chosen IA prompt, images of the three objects, the three commentaries and full references; the title should carry the wording of the prompt rather than its number alone, so a moderator sees at once which of the thirty-five was used. Images need to be clear rather than decorative; what matters is that each picture points at the thing described in the commentary. Citation style is a school decision, though the IBO asks for complete sources, and digital objects in particular need an author, a platform and a date.
交稿前的换物测试
最后给自己做一次换物测试，把三件物品逐件换成同类物品，再看评论里有几句话非改不可。一句都不用改，说明这件东西的语境没起作用，链接是套在类别上的。再数一遍字数，确认评论部分落在 950 字以内，引用与图片说明没有被算进去。再看一眼标题里的 prompt 是不是原文，改动过的 prompt 会让整篇按原始版本重新打分。这三步做完，剩下的就是按时交稿。
Before submitting, run the swap test once more: replace each object in turn with another of the same kind and count how many sentences of your commentary would have to change; if the answer is none, the context was doing no work and the link sits on the category rather than the thing. Then count the commentary words, keeping them inside 950 and leaving references and captions out of the total. Finally, check the title against the exact wording of the prompt, since an altered one is remarked against the original.
牛津高阶英汉双解词典 第10版 商务印书馆¥168📱 去京东购买京东精选需要一对一辅导？Need One-on-One Tutoring?
A-Level / GCSE / IB / KS2-KS3 全科辅导
16621398022 同微信
Visit aleveler.com
或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图