📚 Box Plots: Construction Steps and Interpreting Data Distribution | 箱线图：绘制步骤与数据分布解读
A box plot, also called a box-and-whisker plot, is a statistical diagram that summarises a data set using five key numbers: the minimum, the lower quartile, the median, the upper quartile and the maximum. It allows us to see the centre, spread and shape of a distribution at a glance.
箱线图又称箱须图，是一种用五个关键数值来概括数据集的统计图表，这五个数值分别是：最小值、下四分位数、中位数、上四分位数和最大值。通过箱线图，我们一眼就能看出数据的中心趋势、离散程度和分布形态。
1. What Is a Box Plot? | 什么是箱线图？
A box plot is a standardised way of displaying the distribution of data. The central part of the diagram is a rectangle, or "box", that spans the interquartile range, while "whiskers" extend from the box to show the spread of the remaining data.
箱线图是一种标准化展示数据分布的方式。图形中央是一个矩形，即“箱子”，它横跨四分位距；从箱子两端向外延伸的“须”则用来表示其余数据的分布范围。
Box plots are especially useful when you want to compare several data sets side by side, or when you want to summarise a large data set without listing every individual value.
当需要并排比较多个数据集，或者不想逐一列出所有数值、只想概括一组大量数据时，箱线图尤其有用。
Because the box plot always uses the median and quartiles, it is less sensitive to extreme values than a plot based on the mean and standard deviation.
由于箱线图始终基于中位数和四分位数，因此与基于均值和标准差的图形相比，它对极端值的敏感程度更低。
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