📚 AQA A-Level Accounting: Key Concepts & Effective Revision | AQA A-Level 会计：考点精讲与高效复习
The AQA A-Level Accounting specification equips students with the skills to prepare, interpret and evaluate financial information. This revision guide condenses the essential topics across both examined papers, offering clear explanations and exam-focused strategies.
AQA A-Level 会计课程旨在培养学生编制、解读和评估财务信息的能力。本复习指南浓缩了两张试卷中的核心主题，提供清晰的讲解和以考试为导向的策略。
1. The Accounting Equation & Double-Entry Bookkeeping | 会计等式与复式记账
nsaction a business makes must keep the equation balanced: Assets = Capital + Liabilities.
会计等式是财务会计的基石。企业所做的每一笔交易都必须保持等式平衡：资产 = 资本 + 负债。
Assets = Capital + Liabilities
Assets are resources owned by the business; liabilities are amounts owed to outsiders; capital is the owner's claim on the business. When a business makes a profit, capital increases; when it makes a loss, capital decreases.
资产是企业拥有的资源；负债是欠外部的金额；资本是所有者对企业享有的权益。企业盈利时资本增加；亏损时资本减少。
Double-entry bookkeeping records each transaction with two entries of equal value. A debit (Dr) entry increases assets and expenses; a credit (Cr) entry increases liabilities, capital and revenues. For every debit there must be an equal credit.
复式记账以两笔等额的记录反映每笔交易。借方记录增加资产和费用；贷方记录增加负债、资本和收入。每一笔借方必须对应一笔等额的贷方。
- Dr: increases in assets, expenses, drawings
- 借方：资产、费用、提现增加
- Cr: increases in liabilities, capital, revenue
- 贷方：负债、资本、收入增加
For example, a credit sale of £800 is recorded as: Dr Receivables £800, Cr Sales Revenue £800. Practising ledger entries prepares you for the preparation question common in Paper 1.
例如，一笔 800 英镑的赊销记录为：借 应收账款 800 英镑，贷
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