📚 Mensuration: Area, Perimeter & Volume | 度量：面积、周长与体积
Mensuration is the branch of mathematics that deals with measuring lengths, areas and volumes. In the IGCSE Mathematics syllabus, it is one of the most frequently tested topics, appearing in both Paper 2 and Paper 4 across every examination session.
度量是数学中研究长度、面积和体积测量的分支。在 IGCSE 数学大纲中，它是考查频率最高的主题之一，在 Paper 2 和 Paper 4 中每场考试都会出现。
1. Key Definitions | 关键定义
Perimeter is the total distance around the boundary of a two-dimensional (2D) shape. It is measured in linear units such as metres (m) or centimetres (cm).
周长是二维图形边界的总长度，以线性单位表示，例如米（m）或厘米（cm）。
Area is the amount of two-dimensional space enclosed within a flat shape, measured in square units such as cm² or m².
面积是二维图形内部包含的平面空间大小，以平方单位表示，例如 cm² 或 m²。
Volume is the amount of three-dimensional space occupied by a solid, measured in cubic units such as cm³ or m³.
体积是三维物体所占的空间大小，以立方单位表示，例如 cm³ 或 m³。
Surface area is the total area of all the faces of a three-dimensional solid.
表面积是三维物体所有外表面的面积总和。
2. Units and Conversions | 单位与换算
Before solving any mensuration problem, always check that all given measurements are in the same unit. The conversions below are essential.
解答任何度量问题之前，务必确认所有给定测量值使用相同单位。以下换算是考试必备。
| Length 长度 | 1 cm = 10 mm, 1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm, 1 km = 1000 m |
| Area 面积 | 1 cm² = 100 mm², 1 m² = 10 000 cm², 1 km² = 1 000 000 m² |
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