📚 AS AQA Physics Unit 2 Mark Scheme June 2022 | AS AQA 物理 Unit 2 2022年6月评分方案解析
The mark scheme for an A-level physics paper is more than an answer key. It is the examiner's manual for awarding marks, and understanding it can transform your exam technique. In this article, we decode the AS AQA Physics Unit 2 mark scheme from June 2022, focusing on how marks are distributed, what examiners look for, and the most common errors that lose marks.
物理试卷的评分方案不仅是答案列表，更是考官给分的手册。理解评分方案，你的答题技巧会得到质的提升。本文将解析2022年6月AS AQA物理Unit 2评分方案，重点说明分数如何分布、考官看重什么，以及学生最常犯的失分错误。
1. Exam Overview | 考试概览
In the June 2022 series, Unit 2 covered core topics of mechanics, materials and waves. The paper was 75 marks long and represented 50% of the AS qualification. Questions ranged from short definitions to extended calculations.
2022年6月的Unit 2考试涵盖力学、材料与波的核心主题。试卷总分75分，占AS总成绩的50%。题型从简短定义题到长篇计算题不等。
Timing: 1 hour 30 minutes, so about 1.2 minutes per mark.
考试时长1小时30分钟，平均每分钟1.2分。
Mark schemes in this paper are organised by question part, with each part showing the total marks available and the acceptable answers.
此卷的评分方案按小题组织，每题展示了可用总分和可接受的答案。
2. Structure of a Mark Scheme | 评分方案的结构
A mark scheme row often contains several answer options. A slash (/) separates alternative answers. A letter or phrase in brackets is not required but accepted. The comment column explains when a mark can be given, such as 'accept 9.8 m s⁻²'.
评分方案的每一行常包含多个可接受答案。斜线(/)分隔替代答案。括号中的字母或短语不是必须的，但可以接受。备注栏说明何时给分，例如“接受9.8 m s⁻²”。
'ora' means 'or reverse argument' – you can earn the mark by making the same point in reverse order.
“ora”表示“或相反论证”——只要以相反顺序表达相同观点即可得分。
'Allow' marks are flexible; 'reject' answers are excluded even if they look plausible.
“Allow”是宽松给分；“reject”即使看起来相似也会被排除。
3. Independent Marks and Consequential Marks | 独立分与后续分
Independent marks are available for a specific correct statement, regardless of previous errors. Consequential marks allow you to continue from a wrong answer, so an early mistake does not destroy the rest of the question.
独立分是针对某个具体正确表述给分，与你之前的错误无关。后续分则允许你从错误答案继续，因此早期错误不会毁掉整个题。
Example: if you mis-read a mass but use the correct method with that mass, you can still earn the method marks.
例如：如果你的质量读数有误，但使用了正确的方法，你仍然能获得方法分。
Error carried forward (ECF) is indicated in the mark scheme by the symbol 'conseq' or
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