📚 KS3 CIE Year 8 Ecosystems Scheme of Work | KS3 CIE 八年级生态系统学习指南
Welcome to your complete guide to the KS3 CIE Year 8 Ecosystems unit. This scheme of work covers everything you need to know about how living organisms interact with one another and with their environment. From food chains to the carbon cycle, we will explore the fundamental ideas that build a strong foundation for GCSE Biology.
欢迎来到KS3 CIE八年级生态系统单元完整学习指南。本教学方案涵盖了你需要了解的关于生物体之间以及生物体与环境之间相互作用的全部内容。从食物链到碳循环，我们将探索为GCSE生物奠定坚实基础的核心概念。
1. What is an Ecosystem? | 什么是生态系统？
An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of all living organisms (the community) with one another and with the non-living (abiotic) parts of their environment in a specific area. Examples include a pond, a woodland, or a coral reef.
生态系统是由特定区域内所有生物（群落）之间以及它们与环境中的非生物（非生物因子）部分相互作用所形成的系统。例如池塘、林地或珊瑚礁。
Three key terms you must understand:
你必须理解的三个关键术语：
- Habitat — the place where an organism lives. | 栖息地 — 生物体生活的地方。
- Population — all the organisms of one species living in a habitat. | 种群 — 生活在同一栖息地中的同一物种的全部个体。
- Community — all the populations of different species living and interacting in a habitat. | 群落 — 在某一栖息地中生活并相互作用的所有不同物种的种群总和。
Remember the relationship: Ecosystem = Community + Abiotic Environment.
记住这个关系式：生态系统 = 群落 + 非生物环境。
Ecosystem = Community + Abiotic Environment | 生态系统 = 群落 + 非生物环境
2. Biotic and Abiotic Factors | 生物与非生物因素
Ecosystems are shaped by two types of factors.
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