📚 KS3 CIE Rock Cycle Wordsearch | KS3 CIE 岩石循环词汇搜索
This revision article turns the KS3 CIE rock cycle topic into a focused vocabulary hunt. You will meet the main rock types, the processes that change them, and the clues you need for a typical wordsearch task.
本篇复习文章把 KS3 CIE 岩石循环专题变成一次重点词汇搜索。你将认识主要岩石类型、改变岩石的过程，以及典型词汇搜索题所需的线索。
1. Why Wordsearch Works for the Rock Cycle | 为什么词汇搜索适合复习岩石循环
The rock cycle has many terms that look similar, such as magma and lava or compaction and cementation. A wordsearch forces you to scan, spell, and recognise these terms quickly, which builds accurate recall.
岩石循环中许多术语看起来很相似，例如岩浆与熔岩，或压实与胶结。词汇搜索要求你快速扫描、拼写并识别这些术语，有助于建立准确记忆。
CIE KS3 questions often ask you to match a process to its definition or to label a diagram. Knowing the exact spelling and meaning of key words prevents loss of marks in short-answer questions.
CIE KS3 试题常要求你把过程与定义配对，或为示意图标注。掌握关键词的准确拼写和含义可以避免在简答题中失分。
When you complete a rock cycle wordsearch, you are not just looking for hidden letters. You are also reviewing definitions, examples, and the arrows that link one rock type to another.
完成岩石循环词汇搜索时，你不仅是在寻找隐藏字母，也是在复习定义、例子以及把一种岩石类型与另一种联系起来的箭头。
2. The Three Rock Families | 三大岩石家族
Rocks are grouped by how they form. The three families are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
岩石根据形成方式进行分类。三大类为火成岩、沉积岩和变质岩。
- Igneous — forms when molten rock cools and solidifies. 中文：火成岩——熔融岩石冷却凝固形成。
- Sedimentary — forms when sediment is deposited, buried, compacted, and cemented. 中文：沉积岩——沉积物被沉积、埋藏、压实并胶结形成。
- Metamorphic — forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure. 中文：变质岩——原有岩石在热与压力作用下发生变化形成。
| Rock family 岩石家族 | Forms by 形成方式 | Examples 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| Igneous 火成岩 | Cooling and crystallisation of magma or lava 岩浆或熔岩冷却结晶 | Granite, basalt 花岗岩、玄武岩 |
| Sedimentary 沉积岩 | Deposition, burial, compaction, cementation 沉积、埋藏、压实、胶结 | Sandstone, limestone, shale 砂岩、石灰岩、页岩 |
| Metamorphic 变质岩 | Heat and pressure acting on existing rock 热和压力作用于原有岩石 | Marble, slate, quartzite 大理岩、板岩、石英岩 |
Remember that any rock type can be changed into any other type if the conditions are right. This is why the rock cycle is drawn as a circle rather than as a one-way chain.
请记住，如果条件合适，任何一种岩石都可以转变成另一种。这就是为什么岩石循环画成圆形，而不是单向链条。
3. Igneous Rocks | 火成岩
Igneous rocks form from molten rock called magma when it is underground and lava when it erupts onto the surface.
火成岩由熔融岩石形成：在地下称为岩浆，喷出地表后称为熔岩。
Intrusive igneous rocks, such as granite, cool slowly underground and have large interlocking crystals. Extrusive igneous rocks, such as basalt, cool quickly at the surface and have small crystals.
侵入型火成岩（如花岗岩）在地下缓慢冷却，具有较大且相互咬合的晶体。喷出型火成岩（如玄武岩）在地表快速冷却，晶体较小。
The slower the cooling, the larger the crystals can grow. This is why crystal size is a useful clue when identifying an igneous rock in a photo or diagram.
冷却越慢，晶体长得越大。这就是为什么在照片或示意图中识别火成岩时，晶体大小是一个有用的线索。
For a wordsearch clue, look for terms like magma, lava, cooling, crystallisation, intrusive, extrusive, granite, and basalt.
在词汇搜索线索中，请留意 magma、lava、cooling、crystallisation、intrusive、extrusive、granite 和 basalt 等词。
4. Sedimentary Rocks | 沉积岩
Sedimentary rocks usually form in layers from fragments of other rocks, mineral grains, or the remains of living things.
沉积岩通常由其他岩石碎屑、矿物颗粒或生物遗骸分层形成。
The main processes are weathering, erosion, transport, deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation. Weathering breaks rock down; erosion and transport move the pieces; deposition drops them; compaction squeezes them; cementation glues them together.
主要过程包括风化、侵蚀、搬运、沉积、埋藏、压实和胶结。风化使岩石破碎；侵蚀和搬运移动碎屑；沉积使碎屑落下；压实挤压碎屑；胶结将其黏合在一起
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