AS WJEC Music: Vocabulary Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | AS WJEC 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

📚 AS WJEC Music: Vocabulary Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | AS WJEC 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering the vast vocabulary of musical terms is essential for success in AS WJEC Music. This guide categorises key terminology into logical sections—from dynamics and tempo to harmony and technology—providing clear definitions in both English and Mandarin. Use it to reinforce your listening, appraising, and performance skills.

掌握大量音乐术语是AS WJEC音乐考试成功的关键。本指南将关键术语按逻辑分类——从力度、速度到和声与技术——提供英中双语清晰定义，帮助巩固你的听力、评赏与演奏能力。

1. Dynamics & Expressive Markings | 力度与表情术语

Pianissimo (pp) – very soft, the quietest dynamic level commonly used.

极弱 (pp) – 非常柔和，最安静的常用力度。

Piano (p) – soft.

弱 (p) – 轻柔的。

Mezzo piano (mp) – moderately soft, slightly louder than piano.

中弱 (mp) – 中等轻柔，比弱稍强。

Mezzo forte (mf) – moderately loud, slightly softer than forte.

中强 (mf) – 中等响亮，比强稍弱。

Forte (f) – loud.

强 (f) – 响亮的。

Fortissimo (ff) – very loud.

极强 (ff) – 非常响亮。

Crescendo (cresc.) – gradually getting louder.

渐强 (cresc.) – 逐渐变强。

Diminuendo (dim.) – gradually getting softer.

渐弱 (dim.) – 逐渐变弱。

Sforzando (sfz) – a sudden, strong accent on a note or chord.

突强 (sfz) – 在一个音或和弦上突然强力重音。

Fortepiano (fp) – loud then immediately soft.

强后即弱 (fp) – 强奏后随即弱奏。

Subito piano (sub. p) – suddenly soft.

突弱 (sub. p) – 突然变弱。

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2. Tempo & Tempo Changes | 速度与速度变化

Largo – very slow and broad, solemn.

广板 – 非常缓慢宽广，庄严。

Adagio – slow and stately, comfortably at ease.

柔板 – 缓慢而庄严，舒适从容。

Andante – at a walking pace, moderately slow.

行板 – 步行速度，中等偏慢。

Moderato – moderate speed.

中板 – 中速。

Allegro – fast, lively, typically around 120–168 bpm.

快板 – 快速活泼，通常约120-168拍/分钟。

Vivace – lively and brisk, faster than allegro.

活板 – 活泼敏捷，比快板更快。

Presto – very fast.

急板 – 非常快速。

Accelerando (accel.) – gradually speeding up.

渐快 (accel.) – 逐渐加快。

Ritardando (rit.) – gradually slowing down.

渐慢 (rit.) – 逐渐放慢。

Rallentando (rall.) – slowing down, often more broadly and with relaxation.

渐慢 (rall.) – 放慢，通常更宽广松弛。

Rubato – flexible tempo, literally 'stolen time', for expressive effect.

伸缩速度 – 弹性速度，字面意为“被偷走的时间”，用于表情效果。

A tempo – return to the original tempo after a change.

回原速 – 速度变化后回到最初速度。

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3. Articulation & Ornamentation | 演奏法与装饰音

Staccato – short and detached, indicated by a dot above or below the note.

断奏 – 短而分离，音符上方或下方加点表示。

Legato – smooth and connected, notes flow into each other without breaks.

连奏 – 平滑连贯，音符之间无间断流动。

Tenuto – held to full value, sometimes with a slight stress; indicated by a dash.

保持音 – 奏足时值，有时带轻微强调；用短横线标记。

Accent – a strong attack on a note, marked with a > sign.

重音 – 一个音符的强力起奏，用>号标记。

Marcato – well marked, accented and emphasised, often with a wedge sign.

强调 – 显著地，加重并强调，常用楔形符号标记。

Trill – rapid alternation between the written note and the note above it.

颤音 – 写在音符与其上方音符之间的快速交替。

Turn – a four-note ornament: upper note, main note, lower note, main note.

回音 – 四音装饰：上邻音、本音、下邻音、本音。

Mordent (upper mordent) – rapid alternation

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