AS Edexcel Music: Key Terms Quick Guide | AS Edexcel 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

📚 AS Edexcel Music: Key Terms Quick Guide | AS Edexcel 音乐：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering music vocabulary is essential for the AS Edexcel Music course, enabling you to analyse set works with precision and articulate aural insights in exam answers and compositions. This guide provides a structured, bilingual approach to rapid memorisation of must-know terms across all musical elements. Use it alongside your set work analysis and listening practice for best results.

掌握音乐词汇是 AS Edexcel 音乐课程的关键，它能帮助你精确地分析固定作品，并在考试写作与作曲中清晰表达听觉见解。本指南提供了一种结构化、双语的快速记忆方法，涵盖了全部音乐元素中的必会术语。请结合固定作品分析与听力练习使用，以达到最佳效果。

1. Melody & Pitch Terms | 旋律与音高术语

Conjunct: Melodic motion that moves by step, using adjacent notes of the scale.

级进 (Conjunct): 旋律按音阶级进进行，即使用相邻的音符。

Disjunct: Melodic motion that proceeds by leaps of larger intervals, creating an angular shape.

跳进 (Disjunct): 旋律以大音程跳跃进行，形成棱角分明的线条。

Motif: A short, distinctive melodic or rhythmic figure that recurs throughout a piece and can be developed.

动机 (Motif): 一个短小而有特色的旋律或节奏型，在作品中反复出现并可加以发展。

Sequence: The immediate repetition of a melodic idea at a higher or lower pitch.

模进 (Sequence): 将旋律片段即刻在更高或更低的音高上重复。

Trill: An ornament that consists of rapid alternation between the written note and the note above.

颤音 (Trill): 一个装饰音，即在本音与上方音之间快速交替演奏。

Appoggiatura: A leaning ornament that creates a dissonance on the beat and then resolves onto the main note, often taking half its value.

倚音 (Appoggiatura): 一种在拍点上产生不协和感并随后解决到主音符的装饰音，通常占主音符时值的一半。

Acciaccatura: A crushed note, played as quickly as possible before the main note; written with a diagonal stroke through the stem and tail.

碎音 (Acciaccatura): 一个在主音之前尽快奏出的挤压式装饰音，记谱时符干与符尾上加斜线。

Mordent: A rapid single alternation between the written note and the note above (upper mordent) or below (lower mordent).

波音 (Mordent): 本音与上方音（上波音）或下方音（下波音）的一次快速交替。

Range: The total distance between the lowest and highest notes in a part or instrument.

音域 (Range): 声部或乐器所能发出的最低音与最高音之间的跨度。

Tessitura: The most comfortable register of a voice or instrument, or the general range in which a part lies.

常用音域 (Tessitura): 嗓音或乐器最舒适的音区，或声部整体所处的区域。

Chromatic: Movement by semitones, using notes outside the prevailing key.

半音阶的 (Chromatic): 以半音进行，使用当前调性以外的变化音。

Pentatonic: A five-note scale, often avoiding semitone steps, common in folk and world music.

五声音阶 (Pentatonic): 一种五音组成的音阶，常避免半音进行，在民间及世界音乐中多见。

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2. Rhythm & Metre Terms | 节奏与节拍术语

Pulse: The steady, underlying beat that provides the rhythmic foundation.

律动/拍点 (Pulse): 稳定持续的节拍单位，为节奏提供基础。

Tempo: The speed of the beat, often indicated by Italian terms or a metronome mark.

速度 (Tempo): 节拍行进的速度，通常由意大利语术语或节拍器标记指明。

Simple metre: A metre in which each beat naturally divides into two equal parts (e.g., 2/4, 3/4, 4/4).

单拍子 (Simple metre): 每拍自然分为两个均等部分的节拍，如 2/4, 3/4, 4/4。

Compound metre: A metre in which each beat naturally divides into three equal parts (e.g., 6/8, 9/8, 12/8).

复拍子 (Compound metre): 每拍自然分为三个均等部分的节拍，如 6/8, 9/8, 12/8。

Syncopation: Accenting or stressing a normally weak beat or off-beat, creating rhythmic tension.

切分音 (Syncopation): 在通常的弱拍或弱位上加强重音，制造节奏的紧张感。

Dotted rhythm: A rhythm pattern where a dotted note is followed by a shorter note, resulting in a long–short effect.

附点节奏 (Dotted rhythm): 附点音符后接一个较短音符的节奏型，产生长-短效果。

Triplet: A group of three notes played in the time of two, indicated by a bracket and '3'.

三连音 (Triplet): 在原本演奏两个音符的时值内均匀奏出三个音，标记有连线和数字3。

Rubato: Expressive manipulation of tempo, slightly speeding up and slowing down for emotional effect.

弹性速度 (Rubato): 为表现情感而对速度进行的微妙的加快与减慢处理。

Anacrusis: An upbeat or pickup note(s) that occur before the first full bar.

弱起/上拍 (Anacrusis): 在第一个完整小节之前出现的上拍音或群组。

Hemiola: A temporary shift in metric feel, typically superimposing three duple beats over two bars of triple metre (e.g., in Baroque dances).

赫米奥拉 (Hemiola): 一种临时的节拍转换感，常见于在两小节三拍子中嵌入三组二拍子感，在巴洛克舞曲中尤为典型。

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3. Harmony & Tonality Terms | 和声与调性术语

Diatonic: Using only notes that belong to the current key, without chromatic alteration.

自然音阶的 (Diatonic): 仅使用当前调内自然音，无半音变化。

Consonance: Intervals or chords that sound stable and pleasant, requiring no resolution.

协和 (Consonance): 听起来稳定悦耳，无需解决的和音或和弦。

Dissonance: Intervals or chords that create tension and a sense of clash, usually resolved to consonance.

不协和 (Dissonance): 产生紧张和碰撞感的和音或和弦，通常需解决到协和音程。

Perfect cadence: A closing progression from chord V to I, sounding final and complete.

正格终止 (Perfect cadence): 由V级到I级的收束进行，听起来完满终结。

Imperfect cadence: Any cadence that ends on chord V, leaving a sense of expectation (e.g., I–V, ii–V, IV–V).

不完全终止 (Imperfect cadence): 结尾落在V级和弦上的任何终止，带有未结束的期待感，如 I–V, ii–V, IV–V。

Plagal cadence: A progression from chord IV to I, often called the 'Amen' cadence.

变格终止 (Plagal cadence): IV级至I级的进行，常称作“阿们终止”。

Interrupted cadence: A cadence that moves from V to vi (minor submediant), unexpectedly avoiding the tonic.

阻碍终止 (Interrupted cadence): V级进行到vi级，出人意料地避开主和弦。

Modulation: A change of key within a piece, usually confirmed by a cadence in the new key.

转调 (Modulation): 作品中调性的改变，通常通过新调上的终止式加以确认。

Pedal note: A sustained or repeated note, usually in the bass, while the harmonies above change.

持续音 (Pedal note): 一个持续或反复出现的音（多在低音部），上方和声发生变化。 Published by TutorHao | AS 音乐 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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