📚 Year 13 WJEC Geography: Terminology Quick Revision Guide | Year 13 WJEC 地理：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering the specific terminology of WJEC A Level Geography is crucial for achieving top marks in both short-answer and essay questions. This quick revision guide compiles the essential terms from global systems, coastal and glaciated landscapes, global governance and contemporary themes, with dual-language explanations to reinforce understanding. Use these concise definitions and memory tips to sharpen your exam answers.
掌握 WJEC A Level 地理的专用术语对于在简答题和论述题中取得高分至关重要。本速记指南汇集了全球系统、海岸与冰川景观、全球治理和当代议题中的核心词汇，并提供双语解释以加深理解。通过这些精炼的定义和记忆技巧，提升你的考试答案。
1. Water Cycle Core Terms | 水循环核心术语
Drainage basin – The area of land drained by a river and its tributaries, acting as an open system. Think 'catchment area'.
流域 – 被河流及其支流排水的区域，作为一个开放系统运行。可记为“集水区”。
Watershed – rating drainage basins, often a ridge of higher land. Water shed = where water sheds away.
分水岭 – 分隔相邻流域的界限，通常是高地脊线。水从这里“分流”。
Interception – When precipitation is caught by vegetation leaves or stems before reaching the ground. Like an umbrella.
截留 – 降水被植被茎叶截获而未能到达地面。如同雨伞。
Infiltration – Downward movement of water into the soil surface. Rate depends on soil type and land use.
入渗 – 水向下进入土壤表层的运动。速率取决于土壤类型和土地利用。
Percolation – Deeper vertical movement of water through permeable rocks or deeper soil layers into the aquifer.
渗透 – 水通过透水岩石或深层土壤垂直向下进入含水层的过程。
Throughflow – Lateral movement of water within the soil layer, downslope towards the river channel.
壤中流 – 水在土壤层内沿坡向河流的侧向运动。
Groundwater flow – Slow movement of water through bedrock, feeding base flow into rivers.
地下水流 – 水在基岩中的缓慢运动，成为河流基流的补给源。
Water table – The upper surface of the saturated zone in the ground; rises after rainfall and falls during drought.
地下水位 – 地下饱和带的上表面；降雨后上升，干旱时下降。
Base flow – The portion of streamflow that comes from groundwater seepage, sustaining the river between storms.
基流 – 由地下水渗出补给的河流流量，在暴雨间歇维持河川流动性。
Stormflow – Rapid surface runoff and subsurface flow generated by intense rainfall events.
暴雨径流 – 强降水事件产生的地表快速径流和浅层填中流。
River regime – The annual pattern of river discharge influenced by climate, vegetation, and geology.
河流情势 – 受气候、植被和地质影响的河流流量年变化模式。
Lag time – The delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge in a storm hydrograph.
滞时 – 暴雨洪水中降雨峰值与流量峰值之间的时间延迟。
2. Carbon Cycle & Climate Change Terms | 碳循环与气候变化术语
Carbon sink – A store that absorbs
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