📚 IGCSE OCR English Literature: Core Knowledge Overview | IGCSE OCR 英语文学：核心知识点梳理
This guide distils the essential knowledge required for the OCR IGCSE English Literature qualification (J352), covering syllabus structure, key analytical skills, and exam strategies. Whether you are revising poetry, prose, or drama, mastering these fundamentals will strengthen your responses and deepen your appreciation of literary texts.
本指南提炼了OCR IGCSE英语文学资质（J352）所需的核心知识，涵盖大纲结构、关键分析技能和考试策略。无论你是在复习诗歌、散文还是戏剧，掌握这些基础都将增强你的答题能力，并加深你对文学作品的理解。
1. Understanding the OCR IGCSE English Literature Syllabus | 理解OCR IGCSE英语文学大纲
The OCR IGCSE English Literature specification (J352) is assessed through two written examination papers. Paper 1 focuses on Poetry and Prose, while Paper 2 covers Drama. Both papers are closed-text, meaning you must have thorough knowledge of your set texts, including key quotations and contextual details.
OCR IGCSE英语文学大纲（J352）通过两份书面考卷进行评估。试卷一考查诗歌与散文，试卷二考查戏剧。两份试卷均为闭卷考试，因此你必须全面掌握所设定的文本，包括关键引文和背景细节。
Assessment objectives (AOs) provide a framework for how your answers are marked. AO1 requires you to articulate informed, personal responses to texts; AO2 analyses language, form and structure; AO3 shows understanding of the relationship between texts and contexts; AO4 focuses on spelling, punctuation and grammar. Familiarity with these objectives helps you target your revision effectively.
考核目标（AO）为评分提供了框架。AO1要求清晰表达对文本的有见识的个人回应；AO2分析语言、形式和结构；AO3展示对文本与背景之间关系的理解；AO4关注拼写、标点和语法。熟悉这些目标有助于你有针对性地进行复习。
2. Key Literary Terminology | 核心文学术语
A precise understanding of literary terms is essential for sophisticated analysis. Examiners expect you to identify and discuss techniques, not merely list them. The table below summarises key terms frequently used in OCR exams.
准确理解文学术语对于深入分析至关重要。考官期望你识别并讨论这些手法，而非仅仅罗列。下表总结了OCR考试中常用的关键术语。
| Term | Definition | 中文释义 |
|---|---|---|
| Metaphor | A figure of speech that directly compares two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'. | 隐喻：不使用“像”或“如”直接比较两个不同事物。 |
| Simile | A comparison using 'like' or 'as'. | 明喻：使用“像”或“如”进行的比较。 |
| Personification | Attributing human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract ideas. | 拟人：将人的品质赋予无生命物体或抽象概念。 |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words. | 头韵：相邻单词开头重复相同的辅音。 |
| Onomatopoeia | A word that phonetically imitates the sound it describes. | 拟声：语音上模仿其所描述声音的词语。 |
| Imagery | Visually descriptive or figurative language that appeals to the senses. | 意象：诉诸感官的视觉描述性或比喻性语言。 |
