Year 12 Cambridge Media: Vocabulary Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | 剑桥 Year 12 媒体：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 12 Cambridge Media: Vocabulary Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | 剑桥 Year 12 媒体：词汇术语速记指南

This guide is designed to help Year 12 Cambridge Media Studies students swiftly memorise and recall essential terminology. Understanding these key terms will enhance your ability to deconstruct media texts and construct well-argued exam responses. Let's dive into the lingo!

本指南旨在帮助剑桥Year 12媒体研究学生快速记忆和回忆基本术语。掌握这些关键术语将提升你解构媒体文本和构建有理有据的考试答案的能力。让我们深入这些专业术语吧！

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1. Media Language: Mise-en-scène & Cinematography | 媒体语言：场面调度与摄影

Media language refers to the technical and symbolic tools used to create meaning. Mastering these terms helps you read films, TV dramas, and print texts.

媒体语言是指用于创造意义的技术和符号工具。掌握这些术语有助于你解读电影、电视剧和印刷文本。

Mise-en-scène refers to everything visible in the frame, including setting, props, lighting, costume, and figure expression. Memory tip: Think of the 'scene' on stage – everything placed in the scene.

场面调度 指画面中可见的一切，包括场景、道具、灯光、服装和人物表情。记忆技巧：联想舞台上的“场景”——场景中摆放的一切。

Cinematography rt of is the art of camera work, including shot sizes, angles, movement, and depth of field. Memory tip: 'Cinema' + 'graphy' = writing with the camera.

摄影 是镜头运用的艺术，包括景别、角度、运动和景深。记忆技巧：把“Cinematography”看作用摄影机书写。

Diegetic Sound has a source visible on screen or implied to be present in the story world – dialogue, footsteps, a radio playing. Memory tip: 'Diegetic' sounds like 'direct from the story'.

叙事内声音 声源在屏幕中可见或暗示存在于故事世界中，如对白、脚步声、收音机播放。记忆技巧：“叙事内”就是故事直接发出的声音。

Non-diegetic Sound tside the story world, such as a film score, voiceover, or added sound effect. Memory tip: 'Non' = not from the story; imagine a narrator outside the frame.

非叙事内声音 来自故事世界之外，如配乐、画外音或添加的音效。记忆技巧：“非”叙事内，就是不属于故事本身的声音。

Continuity Editing is a system of cutting to maintain a clear and seamless narrative flow, hiding the cuts. Memory tip: 'Continuous' flow – no jumps in time.

连贯性剪辑 是一种通过剪辑保持清晰流畅叙事、隐藏剪辑痕迹的体系。记忆技巧：“连贯”即时间的无缝流动。

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2. Semiotics: Signs and Meanings | 符号学：符号与意义

Semiotics is the study of signs and how they produce meaning. It is fundamental to analysing representation and ideology in media texts.

符号学是研究符号及其如何产生意义的学科，是分析媒体文本中表征和意识形态的基础。

Sign is anything that conveys meaning – a word, image, sound, or object. Memory tip: Think of a stop sign literally conveying 'stop'.

符号 是任何传达意义的载体，如词语、图像、声音或物体。记忆技巧：想象一个停止标志直接传达“停下”。

Signifier and Signified: The signifier is the physical form (written word, image); the signified is the mental concept. Memory tip: 'Signifier' – you can see or hear it; 'signified' – the idea in your head.

能指与所指：能指是符号的物理形式（书写、图像）；所指是头脑中的概念。记忆技巧：能指可感知，所指在脑里。

Denotation is the literal, dictionary meaning of a sign. Memory tip: 'De-' notation -> definition.

外延 是符号的字面、词典定义意义。记忆技巧：“外”在字面，“延伸”出定义。

Connotation refers to the cultural or emotional associations attached to a sign. Memory tip: 'Con-' notation -> 'connected' meanings.

内涵 指符号附带的文化或情感联想。记忆技巧：“内”涵就是内涵，连接到更深层意义。

Myth (Barthes) is the hidden, dominant ideological meaning that has become naturalised as 'common sense'. Memory tip: A myth is a story society tells itself; e.g., an advert linking a car to 'freedom' constructs the myth that buying the car equals liberty.

迷思 (巴特) 指被自然化为“常识”的隐藏主导意识形态意义。记忆技巧：迷思即社会自我讲述的故事；如广告将汽车与“自由”联系，制造买车等于自由的迷思。

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3. Narrative: Structures and Theories | 叙事：结构与理论

Narrative examines how stories are structured and how they engage audiences. These theories help unpack plot and character functions.

叙事研究故事的结构安排及其吸引观众的方式。这些理论有助于剖析情节和角色功能。

Todorov's Equilibrium Theory es : Narrative moves from equilibrium → disruption → recognition → resolution → new equilibrium. Memory tip: 'Todorov's triple E' – Equilibrium, Event (disruption), End (new balance).

托多罗夫平衡理论：叙事从平衡→失衡→认知→解决→新平衡。记忆技巧：“三E”记忆：平衡(Equilibrium)、事件(Event)、结局(End)。

Propp's Character Functions identified 7 broad character types: Hero, Villain, Donor, Helper, Princess, Dispatcher, False Hero. Memory tip: Think of the acronym 'VHDH PDF' – Villain, Helper, Donor, Hero, Princess, Dispatcher, False Hero.

普罗普角色功能 归纳了七种角色类型：英雄、反派、赠与者、帮手、公主、派遣者、假英雄。记忆技巧：用“反派帮赠英雄公派假”编口诀。

Barthes' Enigma Code ative device that sets up a mystery or question to keep the audience guessing. Memory tip: 'Enigma' = puzzle; 'What will happen next?' drives the story.

巴特意谜码 是设置悬疑或问题吸引观众持续猜测的叙事手法。记忆技巧：“谜码”就是制造谜题，吊足胃口。

Action Code is a narrative element that implies further actions – e.g., a gun shown in act one will be fired later. Memory tip: Action leads to action; every element has a purpose.

行动码 指暗示后续行动的叙事元素，如第一幕出现枪，必将在后面开火。记忆技巧：行动引发行动，每个元素都有意义。

Binary Opposition (Levi-Strauss) ing concepts (good vs evil, nature vs civilisation) driving narrative tension. Memory tip: 'Binary' = two opposites clashing.

二元对立 (列维-斯特劳斯) 指两个对立概念（善与恶、自然与文明）的冲突推动叙事张力。记忆技巧：“二元”就是两方对立碰撞。

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4. Genre: Conventions and Categories | 类型：惯例与分类

Genre is a category of media text sharing similar conventions. Recognising genre helps audiences make choices and producers target markets.

类型是具有相似惯例的媒体文本类别。识别类型有助于观众选择，也帮助生产者锁定市场。

Genre Conventions are the familiar, predictable elements – settings, themes, visual style – that define a genre. Memory tip: 'Conventions' are the 'rules' you expect.

类型惯例 是定义某种类型的熟悉可预测元素，如场景、主题、视觉风格。记忆技巧：惯例就是你所期待的“规则”。

Iconography d consists of the visual signs and props closely associated with a genre, e.g., cowboy hats + desert = Western. Memory tip: 'Icon' like a symbol; think of genre emojis.

图像志 是与某一类型紧密相关的视觉符号和道具，如牛仔帽+沙漠=西部片。记忆技巧：像表情符号一样，一看就知类型。

Repertoire of Elements (Nick Lacey) is a framework of ingredients making up a genre: Setting, Narrative, Iconography, Characters, Style. Memory tip: Remember 'SNICS' – Setting

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