📚 University of Tokyo (Todai): Japan's Flagship National University | 东京大学：日本旗舰国立大学深度指南
The University of Tokyo, widely known as Todai, is one of the most prestigious universities in Japan and consistently ranks at the very top of Asian higher education. Founded in 1877 as Japan's first national university, it has been recognised ever since as the flagship of the country's higher education system. This bilingual guide walks through its history, academic structure, teaching philosophy, research strength and international opportunities, with particular attention to what international and A-Level applicants need to know.
东京大学（University of Tokyo），常简称为"东大"（Todai），是日本声望最高的学府之一，也在亚洲高校中稳居榜首。它创立于 1877 年，作为日本最早的国立大学，一直被公认为该国高等教育的旗舰。本文以中英双语形式，从历史沿革、学科设置、教学理念、科研实力与国际交流机会等方面系统介绍东大，并特别关注国际学生与 A-Level 申请者真正需要了解的信息。
1. Key Facts at a Glance | 基本信息速览
Before looking at the detail, it helps to fix the basic profile of the institution in mind: a national university, founded in 1877, organised into ten undergraduate faculties and fifteen graduate schools, and spread across three main campuses in the greater Tokyo area. Roughly 28,000 students are enrolled at any one time, of whom around 4,000 come from outside Japan.
在深入细节之前，先把这所学校的基本轮廓记住会很有帮助：国立大学，创立于 1877 年，由 10 个本科学部与 15 个研究生院构成，主要校区分布在大东京地区的三个地点。在校学生规模约 28,000 人，其中约 4,000 人来自日本以外的国家和地区。
| Item / 项目 | Detail / 内容 |
| Japanese name 日文名称 | 東京大学（とうきょうだいがく） |
| Short name 简称 | 東大 / Todai |
| Founded 创立年份 | 1877 |
| Type 类型 | National university 国立大学 |
| Campuses 校区 | Hongo 本乡、Komaba 驹场、Kashiwa 柏 |
| Faculties 本科学部 | 10 |
| Graduate schools 研究生院 | 15 |
| Students 学生人数 | 约 28,000（含约 4,000 名国际学生） |
| Tuition 学费 | 约 ¥535,800 / 年，入学金约 ¥282,000（以最新公开数据为准） |
| Language 授课语言 | 以日语为主，另有多个全英文授课的本科与研究生项目 |
2. History and Founding | 历史沿革
The University of Tokyo was established in 1877 by merging two earlier government institutions, the Tokyo Kaisei School and the Tokyo Medical School, and it opened with four faculties: Law, Science, Literature and Medicine. In 1886 it was renamed simply the Imperial University under the Imperial University Ordinance, and in 1897 it became Tokyo Imperial University. After the Second World War it adopted its present name, the University of Tokyo, in 1947, and was reorganised under the new postwar university system in 1949.
东京大学创立于 1877 年，由当时的两所官立学校——东京开成学校与东京医学校——合并而成，最初设有法学、理学、文学、医学四个学部。1886 年依据《帝国大学令》改称"帝国大学"，1897 年更名为"东京帝国大学"。第二次世界大战结束后，学校于 1947 年改称"东京大学"，并于 1949 年在新制大学改革中完成重组。
1877 东京大学 → 1886 帝国大学 → 1897 东京帝国大学 → 1947 东京大学 → 1949 新制大学
This long institutional history matters for applicants because it explains why UTokyo carries a weight in Japanese public life that few other universities can match: its graduates populate the civil service, the judiciary, academia, major corporations and national research institutes in unusually large numbers.
这段悠久的建校史对申请者而言并非无关紧要：它解释了为何东大在日本社会中的分量难以被其他高校比肩——其毕业生进入公务员系统、司法界、学术机构、大型企业与国立研究机构的人数都格外庞大。
3. Academic Reputation and Rankings | 学术声誉与排名
The University of Tokyo is regularly placed first among Japanese universities and typically sits within the global top 30-40 in major international rankings such as QS and THE. It has produced a substantial number of Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry and physiology or medicine, together with leading figures in mathematics, engineering and the social sciences.
在 QS、THE 等主要国际排名中，东京大学长期稳居日本国内第一，通常位于世界前 30 至 40 名区间。学校在物理学、化学、生理学或医学等领域培养出多位诺贝尔奖得主，同时在数学、工程与社会科学领域也涌现出大批领军人物。
For international students, this reputation has a practical dimension. A UTokyo degree is widely recognised by employers and graduate schools worldwide, and research groups at the university are frequent partners in cross-border projects, which makes the institution a strong base for anyone planning an international academic or professional career.
对国际学生来说，这种声誉有非常实际的一面：东大文凭在全球雇主与研究生院中认可度很高，校内的研究团队也经常参与跨国合作项目，因此对于计划走国际化升学或职业路线的学生而言，东大是一个相当坚实的起点。
4. Undergraduate Faculties and Disciplines | 本科学部与学科设置
At undergraduate level the university offers an exceptionally broad menu of subjects spanning engineering, medicine, social sciences, humanities, natural sciences, agriculture, economics, education and pharmacy. Students can choose according to their own interests and long-term plans rather than being locked into a narrow track from the outset.
在本科层面，东京大学提供的学科选择极为多元，覆盖理工、医学、社会科学、人文、自然科学、农学、经济学、教育学与药学等方向。学生可依个人志趣与长远规划灵活挑选，而不必从入学之初就被锁进狭窄的专业轨道。
- Law 法学部 - law, politics and public administration 法学、政治学与公共行政
- Medicine 医学部 - medicine and health sciences 医学与健康科学
- Engineering 工学部 - civil, mechanical, electrical, materials, chemical and related fields 土木、机械、电气、材料、化学等
- Letters 文学部 - philosophy, history, languages and cultural studies 哲学、历史、语言与文化研究
- Science 理学部 - mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, earth sciences 数学、物理、化学、生物、地球科学
- Agriculture 农学部 - agricultural and life sciences, environmental science 农业与生命科学、环境科学
- Economics 经济学部 - economics and management 经济学与管理学
- Arts and Sciences 教养学部 - the interdisciplinary liberal arts faculty 跨学科通识教育学部
- Education 教育学部 - education, psychology and related fields 教育学、心理学及相关领域
- Pharmaceutical Sciences 药学部 - pharmaceutical and life sciences 药学与生命科学
5. Graduate Schools and Advanced Study | 研究生院与专业深造
At postgraduate level the university maintains fifteen graduate schools covering the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, medicine, agriculture, information science and public policy. Many of these schools run dedicated English-taught programmes designed for international applicants who do not yet have advanced Japanese.
在研究生层面，东大设有 15 个研究生院，涵盖人文、社会科学、自然科学、工程、医学、农学、信息科学与公共政策等领域。其中不少研究生院开设专门面向国际申请者的全英文授课项目，即使日语尚未达到高级水平也可以申请。
Typical examples include programmes in information science and technology, sustainability science, environmental studies, and international affairs. Applicants should always check the specific requirements of the graduate school they are targeting, since entrance examinations, written statements and interview formats vary considerably from school to school.
比较有代表性的例子包括信息科学与技术、可持续发展科学、环境研究以及国际事务等方向的项目。申请者务必要逐一查阅目标研究生院的具体要求，因为入学考试形式、研究计划书和面试安排在不同研究科之间差异相当大。
6. Teaching Model and Talent Development | 教学模式与人才培养
The university places unusual emphasis on breadth before depth. Undergraduates normally spend their first two years at the Komaba campus in the College of Arts and Sciences, taking interdisciplinary courses across the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences, before moving to the Hongo campus for two years of specialist study in their chosen faculty.
东大在教学上格外强调"先通后专"。本科生通常前两年在驹场校区的教养学部就读，修读跨越人文、社会科学与自然科学的通识与跨学科课程，之后再转入本乡校区，用两年时间在自己所属学部进行专业学习。
Class sizes in seminars are deliberately small, and students are expected to read, present and argue rather than simply absorb lectures. The stated aim is to develop well-rounded graduates with strong general competence and creativity, capable of competing internationally in research, business, government and the professions.
研讨课的人数刻意控制在较小规模，学生被要求阅读、报告与辩论，而不仅仅是听讲吸收。学校明确的目标是培养综合素养扎实、富有创造力、能在科研、商业、政府与专业领域参与国际竞争的毕业生。
7. Research Strength and Research Centres | 科研实力与研究中心
Research is where UTokyo is most visibly a world-class institution. The university hosts a large number of leading research centres and institutes, including the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe on the Kashiwa campus, the Earthquake Research Institute, the Institute of Industrial Science, the Institute for Solid State Physics and the Institute of Medical Science.
科研是东京大学最鲜明地体现出世界一流水平的地方。学校设有大量一流研究中心与研究所，包括位于柏校区的卡弗里数物连携宇宙研究机构（Kavli IPMU）、地震研究所、生产技术研究所、物性研究所与医科学研究所等。
Faculty and researchers at these institutes have deep accumulated expertise in their fields and a strong record of published results. They are also active participants in international collaborative projects, which keeps the university in continuous global academic dialogue. The findings that emerge from this work influence policy, industry and public health far beyond Japan's borders, injecting real momentum into social development and innovation.
这些机构的教师与研究人员在各自领域积淀深厚，成果斐然，并且积极参与国际合作项目，使学校始终处于全球学术对话之中。由此产生的成果影响远远超出日本国境，波及政策、产业与公共健康，为社会的发展与革新注入了强劲动力。
8. Global Partnerships and Networks | 国际合作与全球网络
International engagement is one of the university's deliberate priorities. UTokyo has built close partnership networks with numerous world-leading universities and is a founding member of the International Alliance of Research Universities, a consortium that also includes Cambridge, Oxford, Yale, ETH Zurich, the National University of Singapore and Peking University.
国际交流是东京大学着力推进的重点之一。学校与众多世界知名高校建立了紧密的伙伴网络，并且是"国际研究型大学联盟"（IARU）的创始成员之一，该联盟还包括剑桥、牛津、耶鲁、苏黎世联邦理工、新加坡国立大学与北京大学等成员。
These agreements are not merely symbolic. They underpin joint research grants, visiting scholar schemes, shared doctoral supervision and student mobility, all of which expand what an individual student can realistically access during their degree.
这些协议并非只是象征性的。它们支撑着联合科研经费、访问学者计划、联合博士指导与学生流动项目，从而实实在在扩展了一名学生在就读期间可以调用的资源边界。
9. Exchange Programmes and Dual Degrees | 交换项目与国际双学位
Through exchange programmes and international dual-degree arrangements, students can study for a period at a partner institution and interact closely with peers from many different countries. The university-wide short-term exchange scheme allows students to spend one or two semesters abroad while remaining enrolled at UTokyo, with credits normally transferred back.
通过交换项目与国际双学位安排，学生可以前往伙伴院校学习一段时间，并与来自不同国家的同侪深度互动。全校层面的短期交换制度允许学生在保留东大学籍的前提下赴海外学习一至两个学期，学分通常可以转回本校。
Dual-degree routes, mostly at master's level, allow a student to earn qualifications from two institutions in a shorter total time than studying each separately. Living and studying inside a different academic culture for an extended period is, in practice, one of the fastest ways to broaden perspective and build the cross-cultural communication skills that employers increasingly expect.
双学位路径大多设在硕士阶段，学生可以在比分别就读两所学校更短的总时间内取得两校的学位资格。长期在另一种学术文化中生活与学习，实际上是开阔眼界、建立跨文化沟通能力最快的方式之一，而这种能力正日益成为雇主的基本期待。
10. Overseas Internships and Global Research Participation | 海外实习与全球科研参与
The university actively encourages students to join global research programmes and to undertake internships outside Japan. Support typically includes funding schemes, partner-company introductions and academic supervision that allows the placement to count towards a degree.
东大积极鼓励学生参与全球性科研计划，并赴日本境外开展实习。相关支持通常包括资助计划、合作企业推荐，以及让实习经历可以计入学位要求的学术指导安排。
For a student weighing up options, the practical benefit is twofold: international exposure on a CV, and a genuine test of whether a career outside one's home country is the right fit. Students who complete such placements generally report sharper intercultural awareness, better language confidence and a clearer sense of professional direction.
对于正在权衡选择的学生来说，实际收益有两点：一是简历上的国际经历，二是对"海外职业是否适合自己"的真实检验。完成此类项目的学生普遍反馈，跨文化意识更敏锐、语言自信更强、职业方向感也更清晰。
11. Admissions Routes and Application Points | 入学路径与申请要点
There is no single route into UTokyo. Japanese applicants normally sit the general entrance examination, while international applicants may apply through the special selection for privately financed international students or through English-taught undergraduate programmes such as PEAK at the Komaba campus, which covers Japan in East Asia and international programme streams.
进入东大的路径并不唯一。日本本国学生通常参加一般入学考试；国际学生则可通过"私费外国人留学生特别选考"申请，或通过全英文授课的本科项目申请，例如驹场校区的 PEAK 项目，包含"东亚中的日本"与国际项目等方向。
- Japanese-language route 日语路径 - usually requires strong Japanese proficiency, often around JLPT N1 or N2, plus subject examinations 通常要求较强的日语能力，多为 JLPT N1 或 N2 水平，并需参加科目考试
- English-taught route 英文路径 - typically requires TOEFL or IELTS scores, school transcripts, essays and interviews 通常要求托福或雅思成绩、在校成绩单、文书与面试
- Graduate route 研究生路径 - research proposal, supervisor contact, written examination or interview depending on the graduate school 研究计划书、联系导师，视研究科而定还需笔试或面试
- Recommendation letters 推荐信 - normally two, from teachers familiar with the applicant's academic work 通常两封，由熟悉申请人学业表现的教师撰写
- Deadlines 申请截止 - vary by programme; English-taught programmes often close in autumn or early winter for entry the following year 各项目不同，英文项目常在前一年秋季或初冬截止
Because requirements differ so much between faculties and programmes, the single most useful thing an applicant can do is read the official admissions page for the exact programme they intend to enter, and start preparing language scores and documents well over a year in advance.
由于各学部与各项目的要求差异极大，申请者能做的最有用的一件事，就是仔细阅读自己目标项目的官方招生页面，并提前一年以上开始准备语言成绩与申请材料。
12. Why Choose UTokyo | 为什么选择东京大学
Taken together, the picture is consistent: the University of Tokyo is Japan's leading institution of higher education, it places the training of globally capable graduates at the centre of its mission, and both its teaching and its research operate at an exceptionally high standard. Through deep cooperation with universities and research institutes around the world, it opens unusually wide academic and professional pathways for its students.
综合来看，脉络是清晰一致的：东京大学作为日本顶尖的高等学府，始终将培养具备全球竞争力的精英置于核心，其教学与研究皆臻于卓越。借助与世界各地院校和研究机构的深度合作，东大为学子铺就了格外宽广的学术与职业之路。
Whether an applicant comes from Japan or from overseas, choosing UTokyo means choosing a demanding but genuinely rewarding journey. The workload is heavy, the expectations are high, and the rewards - intellectual, professional and personal - tend to match the effort invested.
无论申请者来自日本本土还是海外，选择东大就意味着选择了一段充满挑战却又收获丰盈的求学旅程。课业强度大、期望值高，而相应的回报——无论是智识上的、职业上的还是个人成长上的——通常与投入的努力相匹配。
Published by TutorHao | University of Tokyo Guide | aleveler.com
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