📚 SQA Spanish Vocabulary & Terminology Quick-Memorisation Guide | SQA 西班牙语词汇术语速记指南
Mastering Spanish vocabulary and grammatical terminology is the cornerstone of success in the SQA Higher Spanish course. This guide offers practical memory techniques, thematically grouped word banks, and a clear breakdown of the key terms you will encounter in Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking assessments. Each section pairs English explanations with Chinese translations to reinforce understanding and support learners who work bilingually.
掌握西班牙语词汇和语法术语是在 SQA 高级西班牙语课程中取得成功的基础。本指南提供了实用的记忆技巧、按主题分类的词库，以及你在阅读、写作、听力和口语评估中会遇到的关键术语的清晰解析。每个小节都将英文解释与中文翻译配对，以加深理解并为双语学习者提供支持。
1. Memory Techniques That Actually Work | 真正有效的记忆方法
Rote repetition alone is not enough to retain a large volume of Spanish vocabulary. The most successful learners combine spacing, imagery and active recall. Start by writing each new word on a flashcard with the Spanish on one side and a simple drawing or a synonym on the other, rather than an English translation.
单纯的机械重复不足以记住大量西班牙语词汇。最成功的学习者会结合间隔重复、图像联想和主动回忆。开始时，把每个新单词写在抽认卡上，一面是西班牙语，另一面是简单的图画或同义词，而不是英文翻译。
Use the 'memory palace' technique: imagine a familiar room in your home and place five new words in different spots. Walk through the room mentally and retrieve the words. This links vocabulary to spatial memory, which is stronger than verbal memory alone.
使用‘记忆宫殿’技巧：想象你家里一个熟悉的房间，把五个新单词放在不同的位置。在脑海中走过这个房间并提取这些单词。这会把词汇与空间记忆联系起来，后者比单纯的言语记忆更强大。
Another powerful method is the 'keyword mnemonic'. For example, to remember 'el bolígrafo' (pen), you could picture a 'bowl of graphs' with a giant pen drawing them. The sillier the image, the better it sticks.
另一个有效的方法是‘关键词记忆术’。例如，要记住‘el bolígrafo’（笔），你可以想象一碗图表（bowl of graphs），上面有一支巨大的笔在画它们。画面越滑稽，记得越牢。
Lastly, practise 'little and often': three sessions of 15 minutes per day are far more effective than a two-hour block once a week. Test yourself without looking at the answers first, because retrieval strengthens memory.
最后，练习‘少量多次’：每天三次十五分钟的练习远比每周一次两小时更有效。先不要看答案自我测试，因为提取能强化记忆。
2. Everyday Verbs and Their Constellations | 高频动词及其搭配
High-frequency verbs form the skeleton of any sentence. In SQA Spanish, you must know not only their conjugations but also the prepositions and structures that follow them. Begin with 'tener', 'hacer', 'ir', 'ser', 'estar', 'decir', 'poder' and 'gustar'.
高频动词是任何句子的骨架。在 SQA 西班牙语中，你不仅要掌握它们的变位，还要知道后面跟的介词和结构。从‘tener’（有）、‘hacer’（做）、‘ir’（去）、‘ser’（是）、‘estar’（在/处于）、‘decir’（说）、‘poder’（能够）和‘gustar’（使喜欢）开始。
For 'gustar' and similar verbs ('encantar', 'interesar', 'doler'), recall that the subject is the thing liked, not the person. So 'Me gusta el chocolate' literally means 'Chocolate pleases me'. This conceptual shift prevents many mistakes.
对于‘gustar’和类似动词（‘encantar’喜爱，‘interesar’使感兴趣，‘doler’使疼痛），要记住主语是令人喜欢的事物，而不是人。因此‘Me gusta el chocolate’字面意思是‘巧克力使我愉悦’。这一概念转变可以避免许多错误。
Create verb clusters: 'tener que + infinitive' (to have to do something), 'ir a + infinitive' (to be going to do something), 'acabar de + infinitive' (to have just done something). Learning these chunks is more efficient than memorising isolated words.
建立动词短语群：‘tener que + 不定式’（不得不做某事），‘ir a + 不定式’（将要做某事），‘acabar de + 不定式’（刚刚做完某事）。学习这些词块比记忆独立单词效率更高。
Repetition through mini-stories helps: 'Ayer fui al supermercado porque tenía que comprar leche. Cuando salí, me di cuenta de que había olvidado las llaves.' Narrate your day in Spanish using these core verbs.
通过微型故事重复有助于记忆：‘Ayer fui al supermercado porque tenía que comprar leche. Cuando salí, me di cuenta de que había olvidado las llaves.’（昨天我去了超市，因为不得不买牛奶。出门时，我发现忘带了钥匙。）用这些核心动词讲述你的一天。
3. Education and School Vocabulary | 学校和教育的词汇
The topic of education appears frequently in SQA Reading and Listening papers. Essential nouns include 'el colegio' (school), 'el instituto' (secondary school), 'la asignatura' (subject), 'la nota' (grade/mark), 'el examen' (exam), 'los deberes' (homework) and 'el horario' (timetable).
教育话题经常出现在 SQA 阅读和听力试卷中。必会名词包括‘el colegio’（学校）、‘el instituto’（中学）、‘la asignatura’（科目）、‘la nota’（分数）、‘el examen’（考试）、‘los deberes’（作业）和‘el horario’（课程表）。
Verbs to describe school life: 'estudiar' (to study), 'aprender' (to learn), 'enseñar' (to teach), 'aprobar' (to pass), 'suspender' (to fail), 'graduarse' (to graduate), 'matricularse' (to enrol). Pay attention to the reflexive 'matricularse' and the prepositions: 'aprobar un examen', 'suspender una asignatura'.
描述学校生活的动词：‘estudiar’（学习）、‘aprender’（学习/学会）、‘enseñar’（教）、‘aprobar’（通过）、‘suspender’（不及格）、‘graduarse’（毕业）、‘matricularse’（注册）。注意反身动词‘matricularse’和介词搭配：‘aprobar un examen’（通过考试），‘suspender una asignatura’（一门科目不及格）。
Useful adjectives: 'difícil' (difficult), 'fácil' (easy), 'aburrido/a' (boring), 'interesante' (interesting), 'práctico/a' (practical), 'obligatorio/a' (compulsory), 'optativo/a' (optional). These often appear in opinion questions.
有用的形容词：‘difícil’（困难的），‘fácil’（容易的），‘aburrido/a’（无聊的），‘interesante’（有趣的），‘práctico/a’（实用的），‘obligatorio/a’（必修的），‘optativo/a’（选修的）。这些经常出现在观点题中。
Memorise the question words: '¿Qué asignatura te gusta más?' (What subject do you like most?), '¿Cómo es tu horario?' (What is your timetable like?), '¿Cuántos años tienes que estudiar?' (How many years do you have to study?). Practice answering them aloud.
记住疑问词：‘¿Qué asignatura te gusta más?’（你最喜欢哪门科目？），‘¿Cómo es tu horario?’（你的课程表是怎样的？），‘¿Cuántos años tienes que estudiar?’（你必须学习多少年？）。练习大声回答这些问题。
4. Travel, Holidays and Directions | 旅行、假期与问路指路
Travel vocabulary is essential for the Speaking exam and also appears in writing tasks. Key nouns: 'el viaje' (trip), 'las vacaciones' (holidays), 'el alojamiento' (accommodation), 'la maleta' (suitcase), 'el billete' (ticket), 'la estación de tren' (train station), 'el aeropuerto' (airport).
旅行词汇对口语考试至关重要，也会出现在写作任务中。关键名词：‘el viaje’（旅行）、‘las vacaciones’（假期）、‘el alojamiento’（住宿）、‘la maleta’（行李箱）、‘el billete’（票）、‘la estación de tren’（火车站）、‘el aeropuerto’（机场）。
Direction phrases are high-value because they are tested in listening comprehension. Learn 'a la derecha' (on the right), 'a la izquierda' (on the left), 'todo recto' (straight ahead), 'doblar la esquina' (turn the corner), 'cruzar la calle' (cross the street), 'está al lado de...' (it is next to...).
指路短语分值高，因为听力理解中会考查。学习‘a la derecha’（在右边）、‘a la izquierda’（在左边）、‘todo recto’（直走）、‘doblar la esquina’（拐过街角）、‘cruzar la calle’（过马路）、‘está al lado de...’（它在……旁边）。
Verbs for describing a past trip are predominantly in the preterite tense: 'Fui a Madrid', 'Visité el museo', 'Tomé el sol en la playa', 'Probé la comida típica', 'Me alojé en un hotel'. Create a quick table for the first-person preterite forms of these common verbs.
描述过去旅行的动词主要用简单过去时：‘Fui a Madrid’（我去了马德里）、‘Visité el museo’（我参观了博物馆）、‘Tomé el sol en la playa’（我在海滩上晒了太阳）、‘Probé la comida típica’（我品尝了当地食物）、‘Me alojé en un hotel’（我住在一家酒店里）。为这些常用动词的第一人称简单过去式制作一张速查表。
| Infinitive | Yo (preterite) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ir/ser | fui | I went / I was |
| visitar | visité | I visited |
| tomar | tomé | I took / I had (food/drink) |
| probar | probé | I tried (food) |
| alojarse | me alojé | I stayed (lodged) |
Transport vocabulary: 'el coche' (car), 'el autobús' (bus), 'el avión' (plane), 'el barco' (boat), 'el metro' (underground). Prepositions: 'en coche' (by car), 'a pie' (on foot). Remember 'ir en coche' but 'ir a pie'.
交通词汇：‘el coche’（汽车）、‘el autobús’（公交车）、‘el avión’（飞机）、‘el barco’（船）、‘el metro’（地铁）。介词：‘en coche’（开车），‘a pie’（步行）。记住‘ir en coche’（开车去）但‘ir a pie’（步行去）。
5. Media, Technology and Social Networks | 媒体、科技与社交网络
In the SQA course, the media topic can appear in any skill area. Essential nouns: 'el móvil' (mobile phone), 'la tableta' (tablet), 'la red social' (social network), 'el mensaje' (message), 'la pantalla' (screen), 'el ordenador' (computer), 'los auriculares' (headphones).
在 SQA 课程中，媒体话题可能出现在任何技能领域。必会名词：‘el móvil’（手机）、‘la tableta’（平板）、‘la red social’（社交网络）、‘el mensaje’（信息）、‘la pantalla’（屏幕）、‘el ordenador’（电脑）、‘los auriculares’（耳机）。
Verbs: 'chatear' (to chat online), 'descargar' (to download), 'subir' (to upload), 'compartir' (to share), 'publicar' (to publish), 'navegar por internet' (to surf the internet), 'hacer clic' (to click). Notice that 'subir' also means 'to go up/get on', so context is vital.
动词：‘chatear’（在线聊天）、‘descargar’（下载）、‘subir’（上传/上载）、‘compartir’（分享）、‘publicar’（发布）、‘navegar por internet’（上网浏览）、‘hacer clic’（点击）。注意‘subir’也有‘上去/上车’的意思，因此上下文至关重要。
Useful phrases for expressing opinions on technology: 'En mi opinión, las redes sociales tienen ventajas y desventajas.' (In my opinion, social media has advantages and disadvantages.) 'Por un lado, facilitan la comunicación; por otro lado, pueden ser adictivas.' (On one hand, they make communication easier; on the other hand, they can be addictive.)
用于表达对科技的观点的有用短语：‘En mi opinión, las redes sociales tienen ventajas y desventajas.’（在我看来，社交网络有优点也有缺点。）‘Por un lado, facilitan la comunicación; por otro lado, pueden ser adictivas.’（一方面，它们使沟通更便捷；另一方面，它们可能上瘾。）
False friend alert: 'actualidad' means 'current affairs' or 'the present time', not 'actuality'. 'Actualmente' means 'currently'. Keep a personal list of false friends that trip you up.
假朋友提醒：‘actualidad’意思是‘时事’或‘当前’，而不是英语的‘actuality’。‘Actualmente’意思是‘目前’。维护一份个人的假朋友清单，记录让你出错的词。
6. Health, Body and Lifestyle | 健康、身体与生活方式
Health vocabulary is often tested in role-plays and listening tasks. Start with body parts: 'la cabeza' (head), 'el estómago' (stomach), 'la garganta' (throat), 'el brazo' (arm), 'la pierna' (leg), 'el corazón' (heart). Note that 'el dolor de cabeza' means headache.
健康词汇经常在角色扮演和听力任务中考查。从身体部位开始：‘la cabeza’（头）、‘el estómago’（胃/肚子）、‘la garganta’（喉咙）、‘el brazo’（手臂）、‘la pierna’（腿）、‘el corazón’（心脏）。注意‘el dolor de cabeza’意思是头痛。
Verbs to describe ailments use the 'doler' construction: 'Me duele la cabeza' (My head hurts / I have a headache), 'Le duelen las muelas' (His/Her teeth hurt). The verb agrees with the body part that aches, and the indirect object pronoun indicates the person affected.
描述病痛的动词使用‘doler’结构：‘Me duele la cabeza’（我头痛）、‘Le duelen las muelas’（他/她牙痛）。动词要与疼痛的身体部位一致，间接宾语代词表示受影响的人。
Healthy living phrases: 'llevar una vida sana' (to lead a healthy life), 'hacer ejercicio' (to do exercise), 'comer de forma equilibrada' (to eat in a balanced way), 'dormir lo suficiente' (to sleep enough), 'evitar el estrés' (to avoid stress). These are perfect for the writing paper when expressing your opinion.
健康生活的短语：‘llevar una vida sana’（过健康的生活）、‘hacer ejercicio’（锻炼）、‘comer de forma equilibrada’（均衡饮食）、‘dormir lo suficiente’（充足的睡眠）、‘evitar el estrés’（避免压力）。这些在写作卷中表达观点时非常适用。
Key adjectives: 'sano/a' (healthy), 'enfermo/a' (ill), 'cansado/a' (tired), 'estresado/a' (stressed), 'fuerte' (strong), 'débil' (weak). Learn them with their opposite pairs to double your vocabulary quickly.
关键形容词：‘sano/a’（健康的）、‘enfermo/a’（生病的）、‘cansado/a’（疲惫的）、‘estresado/a’（有压力的）、‘fuerte’（强壮的）、‘débil’（虚弱的）。与反义词成对学习，可以快速使词汇量翻倍。
7. Social Issues and Global Problems | 社会问题与全球议题
At Higher level, you are expected to discuss abstract topics such as the environment, poverty and equality. Environmental nouns: 'el medio ambiente' (environment), 'la contaminación' (pollution), 'el cambio climático' (climate change), 'el reciclaje' (recycling), 'la capa de ozono' (the ozone layer), 'la energía renovable' (renewable energy).
在高级别，你需要讨论环境、贫困和平等等抽象话题。环境名词：‘el medio ambiente’（环境）、‘la contaminación’（污染）、‘el cambio climático’（气候变化）、‘el reciclaje’（回收）、‘la capa de ozono’（臭氧层）、‘la energía renovable’（可再生能源）。
Phrases for solutions: 'Hay que... + infinitive' (One must...), 'Se debería... + infinitive' (One should...), 'Es necesario que... + subjunctive' (It is necessary that...). These structures not only show grammatical range but also structure your argument.
提出解决方案的短语：‘Hay que... + 不定式’（必须……）、‘Se debería... + 不定式’（应该……）、‘Es necesario que... + 虚拟式’（有必要……）。这些结构不仅展示了语法广度，也组织了你的论点。
Social issues vocabulary: 'la pobreza' (poverty), 'el desempleo' (unemployment), 'la desigualdad' (inequality), 'la violencia de género' (gender violence), 'los sin techo' (homeless people). Use these terms in the context of a persuasive essay.
社会问题词汇：‘la pobreza’（贫困）、‘el desempleo’（失业）、‘la desigualdad’（不平等）、‘la violencia de género’（性别暴力）、‘los sin techo’（无家可归者）。在议论文中使用这些术语。
For cause and effect: 'a causa de' (because of), 'debido a' (due to), 'como consecuencia' (as a consequence), 'llevar a' (to lead to). 'La contaminación lleva al calentamiento global.' (Pollution leads to global warming.)
表示因果关系：‘a causa de’（由于）、‘debido a’（由于）、‘como consecuencia’（后果是）、‘llevar a’（导致）。‘La contaminación lleva al calentamiento global.’（污染导致全球变暖。）
8. Family, Relationships and Describing People | 家庭、人际关系与描述人物
Describing family members and personal relationships is a classic topic in the SQA speaking exam. Family nouns: 'el padre' (father), 'la madre' (mother), 'el hermano/la hermana' (brother/sister), 'el abuelo/la abuela' (grandfather/grandmother), 'el hijo/la hija' (son/daughter), 'el primo/la prima' (cousin).
描述家庭成员和人际关系是 SQA 口语考试中的经典话题。家庭名词：‘el padre’（父亲）、‘la madre’（母亲）、‘el hermano/la hermana’（兄弟/姐妹）、‘el abuelo/la abuela’（祖父/祖母）、‘el hijo/la hija’（儿子/女儿）、‘el primo/la prima’（表兄弟姐妹）。
Adjectives for physical description: 'alto/bajo' (tall/short), 'delgado/gordo' (thin/fat), 'guapo/feo' (handsome/ugly), 'rubio/moreno' (blond/dark-haired), 'joven/viejo' (young/old). For personality: 'simpático' (friendly), 'generoso' (generous), 'egoísta' (selfish), 'trabajador' (hardworking), 'perezoso' (lazy).
形容外貌的形容词：‘alto/bajo’（高/矮）、‘delgado/gordo’（瘦/胖）、‘guapo/feo’（漂亮/丑）、‘rubio/moreno’（金发/黑发）、‘joven/viejo’（年轻/年老）。形容性格：‘simpático’（和蔼可亲的）、‘generoso’（慷慨的）、‘egoísta’（自私的）、‘trabajador’（勤奋的）、‘perezoso’（懒惰的）。
Verbs for relationships: 'llevarse bien/mal con' (to get on well/badly with), 'confiar en' (to trust), 'discutir' (to argue), 'apoyar' (to support), 'cuidar' (to look after). 'Me llevo bien con mi hermana porque me apoya siempre.' (I get on well with my sister because she always supports me.)
关系动词：‘llevarse bien/mal con’（与某人相处得好/不好）、‘confiar en’（信任）、‘discutir’（争论）、‘apoyar’（支持）、‘cuidar’（照顾）。‘Me llevo bien con mi hermana porque me apoya siempre.’（我和姐姐相处得好，因为她总是支持我。）
Possessive adjectives must agree in number and, for 'nuestro/vuestro', in gender. 'Mi hermano', 'mis hermanos', 'nuestra casa', 'nuestros padres'. Make sure you can use the long forms (mío, tuyo, suyo) for emphasis in your writing.
物主形容词要在数上一致，‘nuestro/vuestro’还要在性上一致：‘mi hermano’（我的兄弟）、‘mis hermanos’（我的兄弟们）、‘nuestra casa’（我们的房子）、‘nuestros padres’（我们的父母）。确保你能在写作中使用长尾形式（mío, tuyo, suyo）以加强语气。
9. Grammar Terminology You Must Know | 必须掌握的语法术语
Understanding the metalanguage used in SQA instructions and grammar questions saves time and prevents confusion. Here is a bilingual list of core terms:
理解 SQA 题目说明和语法问题中使用的元语言可以节省时间并避免混乱。以下是一份核心术语的双语列表：
| Spanish Term | English Equivalent | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| el sustantivo | noun | 名词 |
| el adjetivo | adjective | 形容词 |
| el verbo | verb | 动词 |
| el adverbio | adverb | 副词 |
| el pronombre | pronoun | 代词 |
| la preposición | preposition | 介词 |
| la conjunción | conjunction | 连词 |
| el artículo | article | 冠词 |
Tenses and moods: 'el presente' (present), 'el pretérito perfecto' (present perfect), 'el pretérito indefinido' (preterite), 'el pretérito imperfecto' (imperfect), 'el futuro simple' (simple future), 'el condicional' (conditional), 'el presente de subjuntivo' (present subjunctive). In SQA Higher, you will be expected to recognise and use the preterite, imperfect, perfect, future, conditional and a basic subjunctive.
时态和语气：‘el presente’（现在时）、‘el pretérito perfecto’（现在完成时）、‘el pretérito indefinido’（简单过去时）、‘el pretérito imperfecto’（过去未完成时）、‘el futuro simple’（简单将来时）、‘el condicional’（条件式）、‘el presente de subjuntivo’（虚拟式现在时）。在 SQA 高级别，你需要识别并使用简单过去时、未完成过去时、现在完成时、将来时、条件式和基本的虚拟式。
Other important terms: 'el complemento directo' (direct object), 'el complemento indirecto' (indirect object), 'la concordancia' (agreement), 'el modo' (mood), 'la voz activa/pasiva' (active/passive voice). If a question says 'Escribe la frase en voz pasiva', you must know what to do.
其他重要术语：‘el complemento directo’（直接宾语）、‘el complemento indirecto’（间接宾语）、‘la concordancia’（性数一致）、‘el modo’（语气）、‘la voz activa/pasiva’（主动/被动语态）。如果题目说‘Escribe la frase en voz pasiva’（将句子改写为被动语态），你必须知道怎么做。
10. Connectors and Filler Phrases for Natural Fluency | 连接词与填充短语：让表达更自然
Examiners look for coherent and fluid speech. Using a range of connectors can immediately boost your marks in the Speaking and Writing components. Learn them in functional groups.
考官看重连贯流畅的表达。使用多种连接词可以立即提高你在口语和写作部分的分数。按功能分组学习它们。
Adding ideas: 'además' (furthermore), 'también' (also), 'incluso' (even), 'no solo... sino también...' (not only... but also...). 'Me gusta leer, además me encanta escribir.' (I like to read; furthermore, I love to write.)
补充观点：‘además’（此外）、‘también’（也）、‘incluso’（甚至）、‘no solo... sino también...’（不仅……而且……）。‘Me gusta leer, además me encanta escribir.’（我喜欢阅读，此外我还热爱写作。）
Contrasting: 'pero' (but), 'sin embargo' (however), 'no obstante' (nevertheless), 'aunque' (although). Note that 'aunque' can be followed by indicative or subjunctive depending on the degree of certainty.
表示对比：‘pero’（但是）、‘sin embargo’（然而）、‘no obstante’（尽管如此）、‘aunque’（虽然）。注意‘aunque’根据确定程度可以接陈述式或虚拟式。
Causes and consequences: 'porque' (because), 'ya que' (since), 'puesto que' (given that), 'así que' (so), 'por lo tanto' (therefore). 'Puesto que hace buen tiempo, podemos ir a la playa.' (Since the weather is nice, we can go to the beach.)
原因和结果：‘porque’（因为）、‘ya que’（既然）、‘puesto que’（鉴于）、‘así que’（所以）、‘por lo tanto’（因此）。‘Puesto que hace buen tiempo, podemos ir a la playa.’（既然天气好，我们可以去海滩。）
Filler phrases to buy thinking time during oral exams: 'pues' (well), 'bueno' (well), 'a ver' (let's see), 'es decir' (that is to say), 'o sea' (I mean), '¿sabes?' (you know?). Use them sparingly but naturally.
口语考试中争取思考时间的填充短语：‘pues’（嗯）、‘bueno’（好吧）、‘a ver’（我们看看）、‘es decir’（也就是说）、‘o sea’（我的意思是）、‘¿sabes?’（你知道吗？）。适度而自然地使用它们。
11. Numbers, Quantities and Time Expressions | 数字、数量与时间表达
A surprising number of marks are lost through simple errors with numbers, dates and times. Revise cardinal numbers (1-1000) and ordinal numbers: 'primero/a' (first), 'segundo/a' (second), 'tercero/a' (third). Ordinals agree in gender and number and precede the noun.
大量分数因数字、日期和时间的简单错误而丢失。复习基数词（1-1000）和序数词：‘primero/a’（第一）、‘segundo/a’（第二）、‘tercero/a’（第三）。序数词在性数上与名词一致，并放在名词之前。
Telling the time: 'Es la una' (It is one o'clock), 'Son las dos' (It is two o'clock), 'a las tres' (at three o'clock), 'y cuarto' (quarter past), 'menos cuarto' (quarter to), 'y media' (half past). 'Quedamos a las siete y media enfrente del cine.' (We meet at half past seven in front of the cinema.)
表达时间：‘Es la una’（一点钟）、‘Son las dos’（两点钟）、‘a las tres’（在三点）、‘y cuarto’（过一刻）、‘menos cuarto’（差一刻）、‘y media’（点半）。‘Quedamos a las siete y media enfrente del cine.’（我们七点半在电影院门口碰面。）
Quantifiers: 'mucho/a/os/as' (a lot of), 'poco/a/os/as' (few/little), 'demasiado/a/os/as' (too much/many), 'bastante/s' (quite a lot / enough), 'varios/as' (several). These words can be adjectives or pronouns and must agree with the noun they describe.
数量词：‘mucho/a/os/as’（许多）、
Published by TutorHao | Year 12 西班牙语 Revision Series | aleveler.com
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